Abstract
Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) play a vital role in sustainable agriculture by enhancing plant growth and improving crop yield. In intensive cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) cultivation systems, soil degradation commonly occurs, making the optimization of phosphorus availability a key strategy for increasing production. However, studies examining the growth-promoting effects of PSB in cucumber remain limited. In this study, we isolated a novel PSB strain, Y31, from cucumber rhizosphere soil and identified it as Bacillus subtilis . Strain Y31 demonstrated the ability to solubilize calcium phytate and calcium phosphate, secrete multiple enzymes, produce siderophores, and exhibit antagonistic activity against pathogenic fungi. Inoculation with Y31 significantly promoted cucumber growth, increasing greenhouse yield by 35.30%. Notably, Y31 application increased soil available phosphorus and altered the abundance of soil fungal community. It reduced the relative abundance of Botryotrichum and Chrysosporium , while promoting the relative abundance of the Penicillium genus. Genome sequencing of B. subtilis Y31 revealed the presence of genes involved in phosphorus cycling, carbohydrate-active enzymes, and the biosynthesis of 10 secondary metabolites. Together, these findings indicated that B. subtilis Y31 enhanced cucumber growth and yield by improving phosphorus availability, modulating microbial community structure, and carrying gene clusters linked to phosphorus solubilization and plant growth promotion. Therefore, this study provided a basis for the efficient utilization of phosphorus resources and supported the development of sustainable agricultural practices.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with Y31 significantly promoted cucumber growth.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse0 - Treatment
- Inoculation with Y31e0
- Interactor
- Y31e0symbiont
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation with Y31 significantly promoted cucumber growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with Y31 increased greenhouse cucumber yield by 35.30%.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Inoculation with Y31e1
- Interactor
- Y31e1symbiont
- Outcome
- greenhouse yielde1
- Direction
- increasinge1
- Value
- 35.30%e1
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“intensive cucumber”
e1“Inoculation with Y31 significantly promoted cucumber growth, increasing greenhouse yield by 35.30%”
Claim · model-written summary
Y31 application increased soil available phosphorus.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Y31 applicatione1
- Interactor
- Y31e1symbiont
- Outcome
- soil available phosphoruse1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“intensive cucumber”
e1“Y31 application increased soil available phosphorus”
Claim · model-written summary
Y31 application reduced the relative abundance of Botryotrichum and Chrysosporium in soil fungi.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Y31 applicatione2
- Outcome
- relative abundance of Botryotrichum and Chrysosporiume1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“intensive cucumber”
e1“It reduced the relative abundance of Botryotrichum and Chrysosporium”
e2“Notably, Y31 application increased soil available phosphorus and altered the abundance of soil fungal community”
Claim · model-written summary
Y31 application promoted the relative abundance of the Penicillium genus in soil fungi.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Y31 applicatione2
- Outcome
- relative abundance of the Penicillium genuse1
- Direction
- promotinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“intensive cucumber”
e1“while promoting the relative abundance of the Penicillium genus”
e2“Notably, Y31 application increased soil available phosphorus and altered the abundance of soil fungal community”
Claim · model-written summary
The B. subtilis Y31 genome carries genes involved in phosphorus cycling.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Interactor
- B. subtilis Y31
Bacillus subtilise1symbiont - Outcome
- genes involved in phosphorus cyclinge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“intensive cucumber”
e1“Genome sequencing of B. subtilis Y31 revealed the presence of genes involved in phosphorus cycling”
Claim · model-written summary
The B. subtilis Y31 genome encodes biosynthesis of 10 secondary metabolites.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Outcome
- biosynthesis of 10 secondary metabolitese1
- Value
- 10e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“intensive cucumber”
e1“the biosynthesis of 10 secondary metabolites”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain Y31 solubilized calcium phytate and calcium phosphate.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Interactor
- Strain Y31e1symbiont
- Outcome
- ability to solubilize calcium phytate and calcium phosphatee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“intensive cucumber”
e1“Strain Y31 demonstrated the ability to solubilize calcium phytate and calcium phosphate, secrete multiple enzymes, produce siderophores, and exhibit antagonistic activity against pathogenic fungi”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain Y31 showed antagonistic activity against pathogenic fungi.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Interactor
- pathogenic fungie1pathogen
- Second interactor
- Strain Y31e1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- antagonistic activitye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“intensive cucumber”
e1“Strain Y31 demonstrated the ability to solubilize calcium phytate and calcium phosphate, secrete multiple enzymes, produce siderophores, and exhibit antagonistic activity against pathogenic fungi”
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