Paper · 2025 · Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Effect of Growing Media, Bio-stimulants, and Ferrous Sulfate on Growth and Chemical Properties of Rosemary Plants (Rosmarinus officinalis)

Layla S. Mohammed; Jwan M. Rashed

7
claims
14
verbatim quotes
0
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by-nc

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of different growing media, biofertilizer applications, and foliar applications of ferrous sulfate on the growth performance and chemical properties of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) plants. A factorial experiment was conducted to assess how these factors influence plant height; the highest significant increase was obtained when using a growing medium containing river soil plus peat moss with the addition of 6 g of mycorrhiza and spraying with 15% Fe (46.667 cm). The greatest number of branches, 49.333 branches/plant, were observed when using a growing medium containing river soil plus manure with addition 6 g of mycorrhiza and spraying with 30% Fe. Regarding shoot dry weight and dry matter, the most significant result was recorded (21.740 and 65.336) g and was found when using a growing medium containing river soil plus peat moss with addition of 6 g of mycorrhiza and spraying with 30% Fe and river soil plus manure when adding 3 g of mycorrhiza and spraying with 15 % Fe respectively. Results indicated that the combination of organic growing media enriched with bio-fertilizer and ferrous sulfate significantly enhanced all plant growth parameters and key phytochemicals. The use of biofertilizer improved nutrient uptake and soil health, while ferrous sulfate supplementation contributed to improved carbohydrate and chlorophyll content and iron availability.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Growing medium of river soil plus peat moss with 6 g mycorrhiza and 15% Fe spraying gave the highest significant increase in plant height (46.667 cm).

Taxon
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)Salvia rosmarinuse0
Treatment
growing medium containing river soil plus peat moss with the addition of 6 g of mycorrhiza and spraying with 15% Fee1
Interactor
mycorrhizae1symbiont
Outcome
plant heighte1
Direction
increasee1
Value
46.667 cme1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Salvia rosmarinus
Salvia rosmarinus · TaxonMargalob · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 188–221 · show in text ↑
e1

“A factorial experiment was conducted to assess how these factors influence plant height; the highest significant increase was obtained when using a growing medium containing river soil plus peat moss with the addition of 6 g of mycorrhiza and spraying with 15% Fe (46.667 cm)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 230–505 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Growing medium of river soil plus manure with 6 g mycorrhiza and 30% Fe spraying gave the greatest number of branches (49.333 branches/plant).

Taxon
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)Salvia rosmarinuse0
Treatment
growing medium containing river soil plus manure with addition 6 g of mycorrhiza and spraying with 30% Fee2
Interactor
mycorrhizae2symbiont
Outcome
number of branchese2
Direction
greateste2
Value
49.333 branches/plante2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Salvia rosmarinus
Salvia rosmarinus · TaxonMargalob · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 188–221 · show in text ↑
e2

“The greatest number of branches, 49.333 branches/plant, were observed when using a growing medium containing river soil plus manure with addition 6 g of mycorrhiza and spraying with 30% Fe”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 507–695 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Shoot dry weight was highest, 21.740 g, with river soil plus peat moss, 6 g mycorrhiza and 30% Fe spraying.

Taxon
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)Salvia rosmarinuse0
Treatment
growing medium containing river soil plus peat moss with addition of 6 g of mycorrhiza and spraying with 30% Fee3
Interactor
mycorrhizae3symbiont
Outcome
shoot dry weighte3
Direction
increaseinferrede3
Value
21.740e3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Salvia rosmarinus
Salvia rosmarinus · TaxonMargalob · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 188–221 · show in text ↑
e3

“Regarding shoot dry weight and dry matter, the most significant result was recorded (21.740 and 65.336) g and was found when using a growing medium containing river soil plus peat moss with addition of 6 g of mycorrhiza and spraying with 30% Fe and river soil plus manure when adding 3 g of mycorrhiza and spraying with 15 % Fe respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 697–1037 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Dry matter was highest, 65.336 g, with river soil plus manure, 3 g mycorrhiza and 15% Fe spraying.

Taxon
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)Salvia rosmarinuse0
Treatment
river soil plus manure when adding 3 g of mycorrhiza and spraying with 15 % Fee3
Interactor
mycorrhizae3symbiont
Outcome
dry mattere3
Direction
increaseinferrede3
Value
65.336e3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Salvia rosmarinus
Salvia rosmarinus · TaxonMargalob · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 188–221 · show in text ↑
e3

“Regarding shoot dry weight and dry matter, the most significant result was recorded (21.740 and 65.336) g and was found when using a growing medium containing river soil plus peat moss with addition of 6 g of mycorrhiza and spraying with 30% Fe and river soil plus manure when adding 3 g of mycorrhiza and spraying with 15 % Fe respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 697–1037 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined organic growing media with biofertilizer and ferrous sulfate significantly enhanced all plant growth parameters and key phytochemicals.

Taxon
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)Salvia rosmarinuse0
Treatment
combination of organic growing media enriched with bio-fertilizer and ferrous sulfatee4
Outcome
all plant growth parameters and key phytochemicalse4
Direction
enhancede4

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Salvia rosmarinus
Salvia rosmarinus · TaxonMargalob · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 188–221 · show in text ↑
e4

“Results indicated that the combination of organic growing media enriched with bio-fertilizer and ferrous sulfate significantly enhanced all plant growth parameters and key phytochemicals”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1039–1225 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Biofertilizer use improved nutrient uptake and soil health.

Taxon
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)Salvia rosmarinuse0
Treatment
biofertilizere5
Outcome
nutrient uptake and soil healthe5
Direction
improvede5

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Salvia rosmarinus
Salvia rosmarinus · TaxonMargalob · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 188–221 · show in text ↑
e5

“The use of biofertilizer improved nutrient uptake and soil health”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1227–1292 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ferrous sulfate supplementation improved carbohydrate and chlorophyll content and iron availability.

Taxon
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)Salvia rosmarinuse0
Treatment
ferrous sulfate supplementatione6
Outcome
carbohydrate and chlorophyll content and iron availabilitye6
Direction
improvede6

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Salvia rosmarinus
Salvia rosmarinus · TaxonMargalob · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 188–221 · show in text ↑
e6

“ferrous sulfate supplementation contributed to improved carbohydrate and chlorophyll content and iron availability”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1300–1414 · show in text ↑

iron atom · growth · Salvia rosmarinus (rosemary)Results agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

mycorrhiza · growth · Salvia rosmarinus (rosemary)Positive and negative results

5 papers: 4 positive, 1 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

growing medium · growth · Salvia rosmarinus (rosemary)Positive and negative results

6 papers: 5 positive, 1 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

inoculation · growth · Salvia rosmarinus (rosemary)Positive and negative results

10 papers: 9 positive, 1 negative or no effect

8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

6 papers more in this group

See all 10 papers →

fertilization · growth · Salvia rosmarinus (rosemary)Positive and negative results

22 papers: 19 positive, 3 negative or no effect

18 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

18 papers more in this group

See all 22 papers →

inoculation · nutrient: content · Salvia rosmarinus (rosemary)Results agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

in vitro · growth · Salvia rosmarinus (rosemary)Results agree

4 papers: 4 positive, 0 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

application · growth · Salvia rosmarinus (rosemary)Results agree

5 papers: 5 positive, 0 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.