Abstract
Objective: Apples cultivated in Mexico generally are smaller and softer than those produced in other geographical latitudes considered as optimal for apple production. The aim of this evaluation was determine the effect of applications with calcium, nitrogen, potassium, magnesium, sulfur and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), as well as the harvest date on the quality of apple fruits. Methodology: ‘Golden Smoothie’ apple trees were treated foliarly with CaCl2 with and without NAA, and with a mixture of N, K, Mg and S or gypsum applied to soil for two years. Apples were harvested at 141 (regular harvest date), 161 (mid-late harvest) and 171 days (late harvest) after full bloom (DAFB) and evaluated for quality at harvest time and during their storage at 0 °C for up to 179 days. Results: Foliar applications of CaCl2 significantly increased the calcium content in fruit and leaves, but fruit quality, including firmness, was not inf luenced. Fertilization of soil with the mixture of nutrients, including CaSO4, did not inf luence the fruit quality. Lately harvested fruit was 14.9% heavier but 17.1% softer than fruit picked at the commercial harvest date. Delaying of fruit harvest reduced about 43 d the storability of fruit. Based in these results, the relative softness of apples grown in Mexico is not related with its calcium content, hence unlikely to be overcome with the application of this mineral. Conclusions: Even in the control fruits, both seasons, the stored fruits do not show some physiological disorder as bitter pit.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar CaCl2 applications increased calcium content in apple fruit and leaves.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae2 - Organ / stage
- fruit and leavese1
- Treatment
- Foliar applications of CaCl2e1
- Outcome
- calcium contente1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Foliar applications of CaCl2 significantly increased the calcium content in fruit and leaves”
e2“‘Golden Smoothie’ apple trees were treated foliarly with CaCl2 with and without NAA”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar CaCl2 applications did not influence apple fruit quality, including firmness.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae2
- Treatment
- Foliar applications of CaCl2e1
- Outcome
- fruit quality, including firmnesse3
- Direction
- not inf luencede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Foliar applications of CaCl2 significantly increased the calcium content in fruit and leaves”
e2“‘Golden Smoothie’ apple trees were treated foliarly with CaCl2 with and without NAA”
e3“fruit quality, including firmness, was not inf luenced”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil fertilization with a nutrient mixture including CaSO4 did not influence apple fruit quality.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae2
- Treatment
- Fertilization of soil with the mixture of nutrients, including CaSO4e4
- Outcome
- fruit qualitye4
- Direction
- did not inf luencee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“‘Golden Smoothie’ apple trees were treated foliarly with CaCl2 with and without NAA”
e4“Fertilization of soil with the mixture of nutrients, including CaSO4, did not inf luence the fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Late-harvested apple fruit was 14.9% heavier than fruit picked at the commercial harvest date.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae2
- Treatment
- Lately harvestede5
- Outcome
- heaviere5
- Direction
- heaviere5
- Value
- 14.9%e5
- Comparator
- fruit picked at the commercial harvest datee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“‘Golden Smoothie’ apple trees were treated foliarly with CaCl2 with and without NAA”
e5“Lately harvested fruit was 14.9% heavier but 17.1% softer than fruit picked at the commercial harvest date”
Claim · model-written summary
Late-harvested apple fruit was 17.1% softer than fruit picked at the commercial harvest date.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae2
- Treatment
- Lately harvestede5
- Outcome
- softere5
- Direction
- softere5
- Value
- 17.1%e5
- Comparator
- fruit picked at the commercial harvest datee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“‘Golden Smoothie’ apple trees were treated foliarly with CaCl2 with and without NAA”
e5“Lately harvested fruit was 14.9% heavier but 17.1% softer than fruit picked at the commercial harvest date”
Claim · model-written summary
Delaying apple fruit harvest reduced fruit storability by about 43 days.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae2
- Treatment
- Delaying of fruit harveste7
- Outcome
- storability of fruite7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Value
- about 43 de7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“‘Golden Smoothie’ apple trees were treated foliarly with CaCl2 with and without NAA”
e7“Delaying of fruit harvest reduced about 43 d the storability of fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
The relative softness of apples grown in Mexico is not related to their calcium content.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae6
- Compound
- calciume6
- Outcome
- relative softnesse6
- Setting
- Mexicoe6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“the relative softness of apples grown in Mexico is not related with its calcium content”
Claim · model-written summary
Stored control apple fruits showed no physiological disorder such as bitter pit.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae2
- Outcome
- physiological disorder as bitter pite6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“‘Golden Smoothie’ apple trees were treated foliarly with CaCl2 with and without NAA”
e6“the stored fruits do not show some physiological disorder as bitter pit”
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See all 116 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.