Abstract
In recent years, organic agriculture has gained substantial attention as a sustainable alternative to conventional farming practices, particularly due to its environmental benefits. Organic farming emphasizes the use of organic amendments, such as compost, combined with microbial inoculants to improve soil fertility, enhance crop yields, and reduce environmental degradation. The present study was conducted to investigate the synergistic effects of different compost types (vermicompost, farmyard manure (FYM) and microbial inoculants (Rhizobium, PSB) on the yield, soil fertility and microbial populations in blackgram cultivation. The application of vermicompost + Ghanajeevamrutha + 100% RDP + Rhizobium + PSB significantly enhanced seed and haulm yields, with increase of 6.37% and 7.86% respectively, compared to other treatments. The highest soil available nitrogen (291.39 kg ha−1) was recorded in the vermicompost-based treatment, demonstrating a 6.17% and 3.19% increase over FYM-based treatments. Additionally, nutrient uptake was notably higher in the vermicompost + Ghanajeevamrutha + 100% RDP + Rhizobium + PSB treatment, with increases of 5.85%, 10.1% and 7.6% for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium respectively. Microbial populations, including bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes were significantly higher in treatments combining vermicompost and microbial inoculants, indicating enhanced soil microbial diversity and nutrient cycling. These results highlight the effectiveness of integrating different compost types with microbial inoculants in improving soil fertility, crop productivity, and environmental sustainability.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost + Ghanajeevamrutha + 100% RDP + Rhizobium + PSB significantly enhanced blackgram seed yield by 6.37% compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- blackgram
Vigna mungoe2 - Treatment
- vermicompost + Ghanajeevamrutha + 100% RDP + Rhizobium + PSBe1
- Outcome
- seede1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- 6.37%e1
- Comparator
- other treatmentse1
RhizobiumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The application of vermicompost + Ghanajeevamrutha + 100% RDP + Rhizobium + PSB significantly enhanced seed and haulm yields, with increase of 6.37% and 7.86% respectively, compared to other treatments”
e2“blackgram cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment significantly enhanced blackgram haulm yield by 7.86% compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungoe2
- Treatment
- vermicompost + Ghanajeevamrutha + 100% RDP + Rhizobium + PSBe1
- Outcome
- haulm yieldse1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- 7.86%e1
- Comparator
- other treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The application of vermicompost + Ghanajeevamrutha + 100% RDP + Rhizobium + PSB significantly enhanced seed and haulm yields, with increase of 6.37% and 7.86% respectively, compared to other treatments”
e2“blackgram cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest soil available nitrogen, 291.39 kg ha-1, was recorded in the vermicompost-based treatment, higher than FYM-based treatments.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungoe2
- Treatment
- vermicompost-based treatmente1
- Outcome
- soil available nitrogene1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 291.39 kg ha−1e1
- Comparator
- FYM-based treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The highest soil available nitrogen (291.39 kg ha−1) was recorded in the vermicompost-based treatment, demonstrating a 6.17% and 3.19% increase over FYM-based treatments”
e2“blackgram cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil available nitrogen in the vermicompost-based treatment was 6.17% and 3.19% higher than in the FYM-based treatments.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungoe2
- Treatment
- vermicompost-based treatmente1
- Outcome
- soil available nitrogene1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 6.17% and 3.19%e1
- Comparator
- FYM-based treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The highest soil available nitrogen (291.39 kg ha−1) was recorded in the vermicompost-based treatment, demonstrating a 6.17% and 3.19% increase over FYM-based treatments”
e2“blackgram cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
Nutrient uptake of nitrogen was higher in the vermicompost + Ghanajeevamrutha + 100% RDP + Rhizobium + PSB treatment, by 5.85%.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungoe2
- Treatment
- vermicompost + Ghanajeevamrutha + 100% RDP + Rhizobium + PSBe1
- Outcome
- nutrient uptakee1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 5.85%e1
- Qualifier
- nitrogene1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“nutrient uptake was notably higher in the vermicompost + Ghanajeevamrutha + 100% RDP + Rhizobium + PSB treatment, with increases of 5.85%, 10.1% and 7.6% for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium respectively”
e2“blackgram cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
Nutrient uptake of phosphorus was higher in the vermicompost + Ghanajeevamrutha + 100% RDP + Rhizobium + PSB treatment, by 10.1%.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungoe2
- Treatment
- vermicompost + Ghanajeevamrutha + 100% RDP + Rhizobium + PSBe1
- Outcome
- nutrient uptakee1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 10.1%e1
- Qualifier
- phosphoruse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“nutrient uptake was notably higher in the vermicompost + Ghanajeevamrutha + 100% RDP + Rhizobium + PSB treatment, with increases of 5.85%, 10.1% and 7.6% for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium respectively”
e2“blackgram cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
Nutrient uptake of potassium was higher in the vermicompost + Ghanajeevamrutha + 100% RDP + Rhizobium + PSB treatment, by 7.6%.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungoe2
- Treatment
- vermicompost + Ghanajeevamrutha + 100% RDP + Rhizobium + PSBe1
- Outcome
- nutrient uptakee1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 7.6%e1
- Qualifier
- potassiume1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“nutrient uptake was notably higher in the vermicompost + Ghanajeevamrutha + 100% RDP + Rhizobium + PSB treatment, with increases of 5.85%, 10.1% and 7.6% for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium respectively”
e2“blackgram cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial populations (bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes) were significantly higher in treatments combining vermicompost and microbial inoculants.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungoe2
- Treatment
- treatments combining vermicompost and microbial inoculantse1
- Outcome
- Microbial populationse1
- Direction
- highere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Microbial populations, including bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes were significantly higher in treatments combining vermicompost and microbial inoculants”
e2“blackgram cultivation”
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