Abstract
Abstract Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) [Lepidoptera: Noctuidae] is a highly polyphagous pest leading to a substantial yield loss of tomato crop globally, including in Nepal. The increasing use of harmful pesticides to control this pest has resulted in severe environmental impacts and human health hazards. To evaluate alternative solutions, an experiment was conducted in Rupandehi District, Nepal assessing the efficacy of six biorational pesticides against H. armigera. The tested treatments included: Pacer® [ Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) 1% WP @ 5 g/L], Mahastra® ( Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki @ 2 g/L), Tracer® (Spinosad 45 SC @ 0.3 ml/L), Neemraj Super® (Azadirachtin 3000 ppm @ 5 ml/L), Biotrine® (Abamectin 5 EC @ 1 ml/L), and Alcora® (Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 0.4 ml/L). The study employed a randomized complete block design (RCBD) to ensure robust statistical analysis of treatment effects. The pesticide treatments were applied four times at 15—day intervals. H. armigera population density per plot was recorded 3, 7 and 10 days after each application. Biological yield and marketable yield were assessed 93 days after transplantation. The effects of each treatment were assessed by comparing the mean H. armigera infestation scale, the percentage reduction in larval population relative to the control, and both biological and marketable yields. Among all treatments Chlorantraniliprole demonstrated superior efficacy, achieving an 87% reduction in larval populations compared to the control. This treatment also yielded the highest marketable fruit production (21.85 t/ha) and the most favourable benefit–cost ratio (6.53). Spinosad showed a 79% reduction in pest population, a marketable yield of 21.57 t/ha, and a benefit–cost ratio of 6.14 ranking as the second most effective treatment. The microbial and botanical pesticides showed moderate efficacy. Although being less efficient Azadirachtin was found to be more economical than Abamectin. Therefore, this study guides to the development of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies by including locally produced botanicals to combat tomato fruit borers in Nepal.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorantraniliprole achieved an 87% reduction in Helicoverpa armigera larval populations on tomato compared to the control.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt1 - Treatment
- Chlorantraniliprolee0
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa armigera
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=60)
Helicoverpa armigerat0pest - Outcome
- reduction in larval populationse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 87%e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
- Setting
- Nepalt1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Helicoverpa armigera”
t1“tomato in Nepal”
e0“Chlorantraniliprole demonstrated superior efficacy, achieving an 87% reduction in larval populations compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorantraniliprole yielded the highest marketable fruit production at 21.85 t/ha.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt1
- Treatment
- Chlorantraniliprolee0
- Outcome
- marketable fruit productione1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 21.85 t/hae1
- Setting
- Nepalt1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“tomato in Nepal”
e0“Chlorantraniliprole demonstrated”
e1“This treatment also yielded the highest marketable fruit production (21.85 t/ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorantraniliprole gave the most favourable benefit-cost ratio of 6.53.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt1
- Treatment
- Chlorantraniliprolee0
- Outcome
- benefit–cost ratioe1
- Direction
- most favourablee1
- Value
- 6.53e1
- Setting
- Nepalt1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“tomato in Nepal”
e0“Chlorantraniliprole demonstrated”
e1“the most favourable benefit–cost ratio (6.53)”
Claim · model-written summary
Spinosad reduced the Helicoverpa armigera pest population by 79%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt1
- Treatment
- Spinosade0
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa armigeraHelicoverpa armigerat0pest
- Outcome
- reduction in pest populatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 79%e0
- Setting
- Nepalt1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Helicoverpa armigera”
t1“tomato in Nepal”
e0“Spinosad showed a 79% reduction in pest population”
Claim · model-written summary
Spinosad gave a marketable yield of 21.57 t/ha, ranking second most effective.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt1
- Treatment
- Spinosade0
- Outcome
- marketable yielde0
- Value
- 21.57 t/hae0
- Setting
- Nepalt1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“tomato in Nepal”
e0“Spinosad showed a 79% reduction in pest population, a marketable yield of 21.57 t/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Spinosad gave a benefit-cost ratio of 6.14.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt1
- Treatment
- Spinosade0
- Outcome
- benefit–cost ratioe0
- Value
- 6.14e0
- Setting
- Nepalt1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“tomato in Nepal”
e0“Spinosad showed a 79% reduction in pest population, a marketable yield of 21.57 t/ha, and a benefit–cost ratio of 6.14”
Claim · model-written summary
The microbial and botanical pesticides showed moderate efficacy against Helicoverpa armigera on tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt1
- Treatment
- The microbial and botanical pesticidese0
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa armigeraHelicoverpa armigerat0pest
- Outcome
- efficacye0
- Qualifier
- moderatee0
- Setting
- Nepalt1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Helicoverpa armigera”
t1“tomato in Nepal”
e0“The microbial and botanical pesticides showed moderate efficacy”
Claim · model-written summary
Azadirachtin, although less efficient, was more economical than Abamectin.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt1
- Treatment
- Azadirachtine0
- Outcome
- economicale0
- Direction
- more economicale0
- Comparator
- Abamectine0
- Setting
- Nepalt1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“tomato in Nepal”
e0“Although being less efficient Azadirachtin was found to be more economical than Abamectin”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that the study guides integrated pest management development including locally produced botanicals to combat tomato fruit borers in Nepal.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- development of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies by including locally produced botanicalse0
- Setting
- Nepale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this study guides to the development of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies by including locally produced botanicals to combat tomato fruit borers in Nepal”
The same questions in other papers
chlorantraniliprole · quality: postharvest · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
spinosad · quality: postharvest · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →chlorantraniliprole · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
9 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →spinosad · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
11 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →chlorantraniliprole · Helicoverpa armigera · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
13 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →spinosad · Helicoverpa armigera · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
13 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.