Abstract
High temperatures driven by climate change are increasingly limiting crop growth and quality. Fruit ripening is a genetically programmed process regulated by transcription factors (TFs), while the phytohormone ethylene plays key roles in both ripening and abiotic stress responses. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. We identified Solanum lycopersicum jasmonic acid 2-like (SlJA2L), a tomato NAC TF that is transcriptionally responsive to both heat stress (HS) and fruit ripening, suggesting that it acts as a molecular integrator of HS adaptation and fruit developmental processes. Overexpression of SlJA2L enhanced heat tolerance and promoted fruit ripening, whereas clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9)-mediated knockout led to heat sensitivity and ripening delay. Mechanistically, SlJA2L directly activates SlHsfA3 and SlCAT3 under HS. During ripening, it promotes ethylene biosynthesis via the SlJA2L-SlACO1 module and enhances carotenoid accumulation by activating SlCRTISO. Moreover, ethylene was shown to contribute to thermotolerance, as exogenous 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid improved heat tolerance, while silencing SlACO1 reduced it. Our findings demonstrate that SlJA2L integrates ethylene signaling to regulate both thermotolerance and fruit ripening in tomato. This study provides new insights into the molecular coordination of stress responses and developmental transitions, offering a potential strategy for improving crop resilience and fruit ripening under climate stress.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
SlJA2L, a tomato NAC transcription factor, is transcriptionally responsive to both heat stress and fruit ripening.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Organ / stage
- fruit ripeninge1
- Treatment
- heat stresse1
- Gene
- SlJA2Le1
- Outcome
- transcriptionally responsivee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e1“Solanum lycopersicum jasmonic acid 2-like (SlJA2L), a tomato NAC TF that is transcriptionally responsive to both heat stress (HS) and fruit ripening”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of SlJA2L enhanced heat tolerance and promoted fruit ripening in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Overexpression of SlJA2Le1
- Gene
- SlJA2Le1
- Outcome
- heat tolerance and promoted fruit ripeninge1
- Direction
- enhancede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e1“Overexpression of SlJA2L enhanced heat tolerance and promoted fruit ripening”
Claim · model-written summary
CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout of SlJA2L led to heat sensitivity and ripening delay in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- CRISPR-Cas9)-mediated knockoute1
- Outcome
- heat sensitivity and ripening delaye1
- Direction
- delaye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e1“CRISPR-Cas9)-mediated knockout led to heat sensitivity and ripening delay”
Claim · model-written summary
SlJA2L directly activates SlHsfA3 and SlCAT3 under heat stress.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- HSe1
- Gene
- SlJA2Le1
- Outcome
- directly activates SlHsfA3 and SlCAT3e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e1“Mechanistically, SlJA2L directly activates SlHsfA3 and SlCAT3 under HS”
Claim · model-written summary
During ripening SlJA2L promotes ethylene biosynthesis via the SlJA2L-SlACO1 module.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- ripeninge1
- Gene
- SlJA2L-SlACO1 modulee1
- Outcome
- ethylene biosynthesise1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e1“During ripening, it promotes ethylene biosynthesis via the SlJA2L-SlACO1 module”
Claim · model-written summary
SlJA2L enhances carotenoid accumulation by activating SlCRTISO.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- SlCRTISOe1
- Outcome
- carotenoid accumulatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e1“enhances carotenoid accumulation by activating SlCRTISO”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid improved heat tolerance in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- exogenous 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acide1
- Outcome
- heat tolerancee1
- Direction
- improvede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e1“exogenous 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid improved heat tolerance, while silencing SlACO1 reduced it”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing SlACO1 reduced heat tolerance in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- silencing SlACO1e1
- Gene
- SlACO1e1
- Outcome
- heat tolerancee1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e1“exogenous 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid improved heat tolerance, while silencing SlACO1 reduced it”
The same questions in other papers
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- positive
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- positive
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See all 53 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.