Abstract
• Biodegradable mulch films enhanced the soil conditions in water-saving rice production. • Enhanced spatial distribution of the root system improved rice resistance to stunting. • Optimized root development contributed to rice productivity and sustainability with biodegradable mulch films. Water-saving rice systems must maintain yield targets while reducing water consumption. Applying biodegradable film to cover the soil surface reduces water loss through evapotranspiration, establishing a warmer, more humid microenvironment for rice growth compared to traditional paddy rice systems. This study examined soil water regimes for rice production in northeast China, comparing rice growth with and without biodegradable mulch film under continuous flooding, drip irrigation, and controlled irrigation conditions. The implementation of biodegradable mulch film elevated soil temperature and sustained soil moisture during early rice development. Continuous flooding with biodegradable mulch film yielded the highest rice production (9.4 Mg ha -1 ) and net profit of approximately 11,800 CNY ha -1 . Drip irrigation with biodegradable mulch film achieved maximum water efficiency, demonstrating the highest water productivity (1.25 kg m -3 ) and minimum water consumption (235 mm). Root length, weight, and surface area in the 0-40 cm soil layer exhibited positive correlations with water productivity, shoot dry matter, and yield, indicating that root morphological characteristics, particularly during the panicle initiation stage, enhanced rice production and water conservation. The findings demonstrate that biodegradable mulch film created favorable soil conditions for root proliferation, enabling higher yields in water-saving rice systems.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Biodegradable mulch raised soil temperature during early rice development.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- biodegradable mulch filme0
- Outcome
- soil temperaturee0
- Direction
- elevatede0
- Qualifier
- during early rice developmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biodegradable mulch film elevated soil temperature and sustained soil moisture during early rice development”
t0“rice production”
Claim · model-written summary
Biodegradable mulch sustained soil moisture during early rice development.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- biodegradable mulch filme0
- Outcome
- soil moisturee0
- Direction
- sustainede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biodegradable mulch film elevated soil temperature and sustained soil moisture during early rice development”
t0“rice production”
Claim · model-written summary
Flooding with mulch gave the highest rice yield at 9.4 Mg ha -1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Continuous flooding with biodegradable mulch filme0
- Outcome
- rice productione0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 9.4 Mg ha -1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Continuous flooding with biodegradable mulch film yielded the highest rice production (9.4 Mg ha -1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Flooding with mulch gave net profit of approximately 11,800 CNY ha -1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Continuous flooding with biodegradable mulch filme0
- Outcome
- net profite0
- Value
- approximately 11,800 CNY ha -1e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Continuous flooding with biodegradable mulch film yielded the highest rice production (9.4 Mg ha -1 ) and net profit of approximately 11,800 CNY ha -1”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip irrigation with mulch gave the highest water productivity at 1.25 kg m -3.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Drip irrigation with biodegradable mulch filme0
- Outcome
- water productivitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.25 kg m -3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drip irrigation with biodegradable mulch film achieved maximum water efficiency, demonstrating the highest water productivity (1.25 kg m -3 )”
t0“rice production”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip irrigation with mulch gave minimum water consumption at 235 mm.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Drip irrigation with biodegradable mulch filme0
- Outcome
- water consumptione0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 235 mme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drip irrigation with biodegradable mulch film achieved maximum water efficiency, demonstrating the highest water productivity (1.25 kg m -3 ) and minimum water consumption (235 mm)”
t0“rice production”
Claim · model-written summary
Root length, weight, and surface area positively correlated with water productivity, shoot dry matter, and yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- Roote0
- Outcome
- water productivity, shoot dry matter, and yielde0
- Direction
- positive correlationse0
- Qualifier
- in the 0-40 cm soil layere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root length, weight, and surface area in the 0-40 cm soil layer exhibited positive correlations with water productivity, shoot dry matter, and yield”
t0“rice production”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch created favorable soil conditions for root proliferation in water-saving rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- biodegradable mulch filme0
- Outcome
- root proliferatione0
- Qualifier
- favorable soil conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biodegradable mulch film created favorable soil conditions for root proliferation, enabling higher yields in water-saving rice systems”
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