Abstract
Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) subjected to water deficit during anthesis shows pollination abnormalities resulting in low grain yields. To understand the mechanism of stress‐induced poor grain filling in relation to disturbed pollination, upland‐adapted cultivars were grown under controlled conditions. A 7‐day irrigation‐withholding period (Exp. 1) induced −1.7 and −2.0 MPa flag leaf water potentials (Ψ) in ‘Kinandang Patong’ and 63–83, respectively. A stress protocol for 7 d at anthesis achieved stress intensities of −0.4, −0.8, −1.1, −1.4, −1.7, −2.0, −2.3, −2.5, and −2.8 MPa in 63–83 and IRAT13 (Exp. 2). On the last day of the water‐deficit stress period, anther dehiscence of spikelets, pollen shedding, viability, germination, and spikelet sterility (at plant maturity) were measured. In each upland cultivar tested, low Ψ reduced pollen shedding capacity and germination. Dehiscence of anthers correlated with flag leaf Ψ ( R 2 = 0.944** [significant at P = 0.01] [IRAT13] and 0.987** [63–83]). Up to a stress intensity of Ψ1.4 MPa, more than 80% of anthers dehisced. Below −2.0 MPa, more than 60% of pollen grains did not dehisce. Pollen shed, total pollen per spikelet, and spikelets with more than 20 pollen were all directly related to Ψ. Pollen germination in vivo and germination per spikelet correlated linearly with water stress intensity. Significant deleterious effects on pollen viability at low water potentials were noted. All measured pollination traits accounted significantly for increases in unfilled spikelets at severe stress intensities. Thus, to ensure pollination success and spikelet fertility, responses of upland rice genotypes to a water deficit at anthesis could be evaluated using anther dehiscence, pollen shedding, and pollen germination in controlled conditions.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Seven days without irrigation produced flag leaf water potentials of −1.7 and −2.0 MPa in the two cultivars.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativae1 - Material
- ‘Kinandang Patong’ and 63–83e0
- Treatment
- 7‐day irrigation‐withholding periode0
- Outcome
- flag leaf water potentialse0
- Value
- −1.7 and −2.0 MPae0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A 7‐day irrigation‐withholding period (Exp. 1) induced −1.7 and −2.0 MPa flag leaf water potentials (Ψ) in ‘Kinandang Patong’ and 63–83, respectively.”
e1“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) subjected to water deficit during anthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Low flag leaf water potential reduced pollen shedding and germination in each upland cultivar.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- low Ψe0
- Outcome
- pollen shedding capacity and germinatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In each upland cultivar tested, low Ψ reduced pollen shedding capacity and germination.”
e1“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) subjected to water deficit during anthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Anther dehiscence correlated with flag leaf water potential.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- flag leaf Ψe0
- Outcome
- Dehiscence of antherse0
- Value
- R 2 = 0.944**e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dehiscence of anthers correlated with flag leaf Ψ ( R 2 = 0.944** [significant at P = 0.01] [IRAT13] and 0.987** [63–83]).”
e1“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) subjected to water deficit during anthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
More than 80% of anthers dehisced up to the stated stress intensity.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- anthers dehiscede0
- Value
- more than 80%e0
- Qualifier
- Up to a stress intensity of Ψ1.4 MPae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Up to a stress intensity of Ψ1.4 MPa, more than 80% of anthers dehisced.”
e1“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) subjected to water deficit during anthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Below −2.0 MPa, more than 60% of pollen grains did not dehisce.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- pollen grains did not dehiscee0
- Value
- more than 60%e0
- Qualifier
- Below −2.0 MPae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Below −2.0 MPa, more than 60% of pollen grains did not dehisce.”
e1“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) subjected to water deficit during anthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Pollen shed, total pollen per spikelet, and spikelets with more than 20 pollen were directly related to water potential.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- Ψe0
- Outcome
- Pollen shed, total pollen per spikelet, and spikelets with more than 20 pollene0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pollen shed, total pollen per spikelet, and spikelets with more than 20 pollen were all directly related to Ψ.”
e1“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) subjected to water deficit during anthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
In vivo pollen germination and germination per spikelet correlated linearly with water stress intensity.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- water stress intensitye0
- Outcome
- Pollen germination in vivo and germination per spikelete0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pollen germination in vivo and germination per spikelet correlated linearly with water stress intensity.”
e1“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) subjected to water deficit during anthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Low water potentials significantly harmed pollen viability.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- low water potentialse0
- Outcome
- pollen viabilitye0
- Direction
- deleteriouse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant deleterious effects on pollen viability at low water potentials were noted.”
e1“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) subjected to water deficit during anthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Measured pollination traits significantly accounted for more unfilled spikelets at severe stress.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- severe stress intensitiese0
- Outcome
- unfilled spikeletse0
- Direction
- increasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All measured pollination traits accounted significantly for increases in unfilled spikelets at severe stress intensities.”
e1“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) subjected to water deficit during anthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Anther dehiscence, pollen shedding, and pollen germination could evaluate rice responses to anthesis water deficit.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- could be evaluated using anther dehiscence, pollen shedding, and pollen germinatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“responses of upland rice genotypes to a water deficit at anthesis could be evaluated using anther dehiscence, pollen shedding, and pollen germination in controlled conditions”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · physiology: water · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
29 papers in the same direction as this paper · 350 in the opposite direction
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