Paper · 2025 · Egyptian Sugar Journal

Impact of calcium and cobalt foliar application on sugar beet quality under different irrigation levels

El-Mahdi Teama; Ragab Dawood; Ahmed Z. Ahmed; et al.

8
claims
16
verbatim quotes
0
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Two field experiments were conducted during the 2021/2022 and 2022/2023 seasons at Mallawi Research Station, El-Minia Governorate, Egypt, to investigate the effects of calcium and cobalt foliar application on sugar beet quality under varying irrigation regimes. A split-plot design with three irrigation levels (full, moderate stress, and severe stress) was used as the main plots, while combinations of calcium (0, 4, and 8 kg/fed CaCl2) and cobalt (0, 10, 20, and 30 ppm CoCl2) treatments were assigned to subplots. Results indicated that moderate water stress enhanced sugar quality traits without compromising yield. Calcium and cobalt significantly improved sucrose content and sugar recovery, with optimal effects at moderate rates. Interaction effects among irrigation, calcium, and cobalt treatments were significant for most traits. The combination of moderate stress, 8 kg/fed calcium, and 20 ppm cobalt produced the best overall quality. These findings highlight the potential of nutrient management to mitigate water stress effects on sugar beet quality.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 8

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Moderate water stress improved sugar quality traits.

Treatment
moderate water stresse0
Outcome
sugar quality traitse0
Direction
enhancede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris · TaxonQuadell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“sugar beet”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–61 · show in text ↑
e0

“moderate water stress enhanced sugar quality traits without compromising yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 541–619 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Moderate water stress did not compromise yield.

Treatment
moderate water stresse0
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
without compromisinge0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris · TaxonQuadell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“sugar beet”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–61 · show in text ↑
e0

“moderate water stress enhanced sugar quality traits without compromising yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 541–619 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Calcium significantly improved sucrose content.

Treatment
Calciume0
Outcome
sucrose contente0
Direction
improvede0
Qualifier
moderate ratese0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris · TaxonQuadell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“sugar beet”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–61 · show in text ↑
e0

“Calcium and cobalt significantly improved sucrose content and sugar recovery, with optimal effects at moderate rates.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 621–738 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Cobalt significantly improved sucrose content.

Treatment
cobalte0
Outcome
sucrose contente0
Direction
improvede0
Qualifier
moderate ratese0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris · TaxonQuadell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“sugar beet”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–61 · show in text ↑
e0

“Calcium and cobalt significantly improved sucrose content and sugar recovery, with optimal effects at moderate rates.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 621–738 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Calcium significantly improved sugar recovery.

Treatment
Calciume0
Outcome
sugar recoverye0
Direction
improvede0
Qualifier
moderate ratese0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris · TaxonQuadell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“sugar beet”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–61 · show in text ↑
e0

“Calcium and cobalt significantly improved sucrose content and sugar recovery, with optimal effects at moderate rates.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 621–738 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Cobalt significantly improved sugar recovery.

Treatment
cobalte0
Outcome
sugar recoverye0
Direction
improvede0
Qualifier
moderate ratese0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris · TaxonQuadell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“sugar beet”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–61 · show in text ↑
e0

“Calcium and cobalt significantly improved sucrose content and sugar recovery, with optimal effects at moderate rates.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 621–738 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Irrigation, calcium and cobalt interacted significantly for most traits.

Treatment
irrigation, calcium, and cobalt treatmentse0
Outcome
most traitse0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris · TaxonQuadell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“sugar beet”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–61 · show in text ↑
e0

“Interaction effects among irrigation, calcium, and cobalt treatments were significant for most traits.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 739–841 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Moderate stress combined with 8 kg/fed calcium and 20 ppm cobalt gave the best overall quality.

Treatment
moderate stress, 8 kg/fed calcium, and 20 ppm cobalte0
Outcome
overall qualitye0
Direction
beste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris · TaxonQuadell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“sugar beet”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–61 · show in text ↑
e0

“The combination of moderate stress, 8 kg/fed calcium, and 20 ppm cobalt produced the best overall quality.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 842–948 · show in text ↑

calcium atom · quality: general · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

cobalt atom · quality: sugar starch · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

calcium atom · quality: sugar starch · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results agree

5 papers: 5 positive, 0 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

drought · yield · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results differ

32 papers: 6 positive, 26 negative or no effect

25 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

28 papers more in this group

See all 32 papers →

drought · quality: general · Beta vulgaris (beet)Positive and negative results

4 papers: 2 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.