Abstract
ABSTRACT Studies on barley management practices are scarce, and farmers have employed boron (B) fertilization without technical criteria, relying primarily on field reports of yield gains. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of B fertilization of barley cultivars (cv.) under the residual effect of phosphogypsum. The experiment was started in 2009 using a randomized block design, with rates of 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 Mg[gypsum] ha–1 for a long-term study. The plots were divided into four sections in the 2021 and 2022 winter seasons, each receiving a different B rate: 0, 1, 2, and 4 kg[B] ha–1 as boric acid (H3BO3). The barley cv. Danielle and Imperatriz were then sown in these sections. The data were analyzed using a split-split plot design. The yield components and grain yield were evaluated in Nov 2021 and 2022, while the soil was sampled following the barley harvest in 2022. The residual effects of gypsum on the evaluated soil chemical properties were nearly negligible, except for the yield of cv. Imperatriz, which exhibited an increase with gypsum rates in 2021, while no yield response was observed for cv. Danielle (2021 and 2022). The B fertilization increased soil-B availability and the yield of cv. Danielle in 2021 and 2022, while cv. Imperatriz exhibited an increase in yield only in the 2021 season. The cv. Imperatriz exhibited a higher yield than cv. Danielle in 2021 and 2022 seasons, with an increase of 18 % on average. The increases in soil B content (0.37 - 0.45 mg[B] dm–3) and in grain yield as a result of B fertilization of barley cv. Danielle (+17 – 87 %) and Imperatriz (up to +6 %) indicate that the current critical soil B level (0.3 mg[B] dm–3) should be reevaluated in the southern states in Brazil.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Residual gypsum had nearly negligible effects on evaluated soil chemical properties.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- gypsume0
- Outcome
- evaluated soil chemical propertiese0
- Direction
- nearly negligiblee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The residual effects of gypsum on the evaluated soil chemical properties were nearly negligible”
t0“barley yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Gypsum rates increased Imperatriz yield in 2021.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Imperatrize0
- Treatment
- gypsum ratese0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- 2021e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the yield of cv. Imperatriz, which exhibited an increase with gypsum rates in 2021”
t0“barley yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Danielle yield showed no gypsum response in 2021 and 2022.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Daniellee0
- Treatment
- gypsume1
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- no yield responsee0
- Qualifier
- 2021 and 2022e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no yield response was observed for cv. Danielle (2021 and 2022)”
e1“The residual effects of gypsum on the evaluated soil chemical properties were nearly negligible”
t0“barley yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron fertilization increased soil boron availability.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- B fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- soil-B availabilitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The B fertilization increased soil-B availability”
t0“barley yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron fertilization increased Danielle yield in 2021 and 2022 by 17–87%.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Daniellee0
- Treatment
- B fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- +17 – 87 %e1
- Qualifier
- 2021 and 2022e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The B fertilization increased soil-B availability and the yield of cv. Danielle in 2021 and 2022”
e1“Danielle (+17 – 87 %)”
t0“barley yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron fertilization increased Imperatriz yield only in 2021, by up to 6%.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Imperatrize0
- Treatment
- B fertilizatione2
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- up to +6 %e1
- Qualifier
- 2021 seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cv. Imperatriz exhibited an increase in yield only in the 2021 season”
e1“Imperatriz (up to +6 %)”
e2“The B fertilization increased soil-B availability”
t0“barley yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Imperatriz yielded 18% more than Danielle on average in 2021 and 2022.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Imperatrize0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 18 %e0
- Qualifier
- 2021 and 2022 seasonse0
- Comparator
- Daniellee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cv. Imperatriz exhibited a higher yield than cv. Danielle in 2021 and 2022 seasons, with an increase of 18 % on average”
t0“barley yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend reevaluating the 0.3 mg[B] dm–3 critical soil B level in southern Brazil.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- current critical soil B levele0
- Value
- 0.3 mg[B] dm–3e0
- Setting
- southern states in Brazile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the current critical soil B level (0.3 mg[B] dm–3) should be reevaluated in the southern states in Brazil”
t0“barley yield”
The same questions in other papers
boron atom · yield · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results differ
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- negative
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →lime · yield · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results differ
52 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- positive
50 papers more in this group
See all 54 papers →fertilization · yield · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
472 papers in the same direction as this paper · 66 in the opposite direction · 11 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- negative
546 papers more in this group
See all 550 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.