Abstract
The novel hydro-electro hybrid priming (HEHP) technique, which synergistically combines controlled hydration and electrostatic field application, represents an innovative chemical-free approach to improve seed germination synchrony. However, the regulatory mechanism of HEHP on cell wall remodeling during post-imbibition remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that HEHP accelerates carrot (Daucus carota L.) seed germination by synchronizing cell wall hydrolysis and synthesis pathways. Comparative transcriptomics revealed 4591 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HEHP-treated and untreated seeds, with significant enrichment in cell wall organization (GO terms) and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (KEGG pathway). HEHP significantly induced the expression of expansin (EXP), hydrolases (xyloglucan endotransglucosylase (XET), pectinesterase (PE), and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAE)), and synthases (cellulose synthase (CesA)), reducing endosperm rupture force considerably at S20 compared to hydropriming (HYD). Enzymatic assays confirmed earlier activity peaks for XET and PE in HEHP, correlating with the sustained expression of key genes. Notably, HEHP pre-activated germination-related metabolism, evidenced by fewer post-imbibition DEGs, and synchronized lignin deposition via transient phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and 4-coumarate/CoA ligase (4CL) activation. These synergies enabled faster radicle emergence than HYD. Our findings reveal that HEHP optimizes cell wall loosening–reinforcement dynamics through transcriptional priming, offering a tailored solution for mechanized sowing in Apiaceae crops.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
HEHP accelerated carrot seed germination.
- Taxon
- carrot
Daucus carotae1 - Treatment
- HEHPe1
- Outcome
- seed germinatione1
- Direction
- acceleratese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“HEHP accelerates carrot (Daucus carota L.) seed germination”
Claim · model-written summary
HEHP accelerates carrot seed germination by synchronizing cell wall hydrolysis and synthesis pathways.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae1
- Treatment
- HEHPe1
- Outcome
- seed germinatione1
- Qualifier
- by synchronizing cell wall hydrolysis and synthesis pathwayse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“HEHP accelerates carrot (Daucus carota L.) seed germination by synchronizing cell wall hydrolysis and synthesis pathways”
Claim · model-written summary
Comparative transcriptomics revealed 4591 differentially expressed genes between HEHP-treated and untreated carrot seeds.
- Taxon
- CarrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- HEHP-treatede1
- Outcome
- differentially expressed genese1
- Value
- 4591e1
- Comparator
- untreated seedse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
e1“Comparative transcriptomics revealed 4591 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HEHP-treated and untreated seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
HEHP-treated carrot seeds showed significant enrichment of cell wall organization and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis terms relative to untreated seeds.
- Taxon
- CarrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- HEHP-treatede1
- Outcome
- enrichment in cell wall organization (GO terms) and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (KEGG pathway)e1
- Direction
- significant enrichmente1
- Comparator
- untreated seedse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
e1“Comparative transcriptomics revealed 4591 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HEHP-treated and untreated seeds, with significant enrichment in cell wall organization (GO terms) and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (KEGG pathway)”
Claim · model-written summary
HEHP significantly induced expression of expansin, hydrolase and synthase genes in carrot seeds.
- Taxon
- CarrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- HEHPe1
- Gene
- expansin (EXP), hydrolases (xyloglucan endotransglucosylase (XET), pectinesterase (PE), and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAE)), and synthases (cellulose synthase (CesA))e1
- Outcome
- expressione1
- Direction
- significantly inducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
e1“HEHP significantly induced the expression of expansin (EXP), hydrolases (xyloglucan endotransglucosylase (XET), pectinesterase (PE), and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAE)), and synthases (cellulose synthase (CesA))”
Claim · model-written summary
HEHP reduced endosperm rupture force at S20 compared with hydropriming in carrot seeds.
- Taxon
- CarrotDaucus carotat0
- Organ / stage
- endosperme1
- Treatment
- HEHPe1
- Outcome
- endosperm rupture forcee1
- Direction
- reducinge1
- Qualifier
- at S20e1
- Comparator
- hydropriming (HYD)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
e1“HEHP significantly induced the expression of expansin (EXP), hydrolases (xyloglucan endotransglucosylase (XET), pectinesterase (PE), and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAE)), and synthases (cellulose synthase (CesA)), reducing endosperm rupture force considerably at S20 compared to hydropriming (HYD)”
Claim · model-written summary
HEHP produced earlier activity peaks of XET and PE in carrot seeds.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
e1“Enzymatic assays confirmed earlier activity peaks for XET and PE in HEHP”
Claim · model-written summary
The XET and PE activity peaks correlated with sustained expression of key genes in HEHP-treated carrot seeds.
- Taxon
- CarrotDaucus carotat0
- Gene
- key genese1
- Outcome
- activity peakse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
e1“Enzymatic assays confirmed earlier activity peaks for XET and PE in HEHP, correlating with the sustained expression of key genes”
Claim · model-written summary
HEHP led to fewer post-imbibition differentially expressed genes in carrot seeds, with pre-activated germination-related metabolism.
- Taxon
- CarrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- HEHPe1
- Outcome
- post-imbibition DEGse1
- Direction
- fewere1
- Qualifier
- pre-activated germination-related metabolisme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
e1“Notably, HEHP pre-activated germination-related metabolism, evidenced by fewer post-imbibition DEGs”
Claim · model-written summary
HEHP synchronized lignin deposition in carrot seeds via transient activation of PAL and 4CL.
- Taxon
- CarrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- HEHPe2
- Gene
- phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and 4-coumarate/CoA ligase (4CL)e1
- Outcome
- lignin depositione1
- Qualifier
- transiente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
e1“synchronized lignin deposition via transient phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and 4-coumarate/CoA ligase (4CL) activation”
e2“Notably, HEHP pre-activated germination-related metabolism”
Claim · model-written summary
HEHP enabled faster carrot radicle emergence than hydropriming.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
e1“These synergies enabled faster radicle emergence than HYD”
e2“Notably, HEHP pre-activated germination-related metabolism”
The same questions in other papers
seed treatment · growth · Daucus carota (carrot)Results differ
29 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
29 papers more in this group
See all 33 papers →seed treatment · molecular: expression · Daucus carota (carrot)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.