Abstract
Wheat constitutes one of the foremost important food crops in nations worldwide today. However, drought is one of the main global climate change risks that reduces agricultural productivity and causes significant economic losses. Zinc is an important nutritional microelement and is crucial for crops to be drought-tolerant. A field experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of Ismailia Agricultural Research Station, Egypt over two consecutive seasons under sprinkler irrigation to investigate the impact of various zinc levels (0, 100, 250, and 500 ppm) on Misr 3 wheat cultivar subjected to normal (100% field water capacity) and water stress (50% field water capacity) conditions. A split-plot design was used with three replicates, with irrigation treatments and zinc treatments allocated in separate main and sub-plots. Water stress was found to have a negative impact on shoot and flag leaf biomass, chlorophyll and carotenoids content, water relations and membrane characteristics. Also, drought significantly reduced yield and yield components. On the other hand, a gradual increase of Zinc up to a high level of 500 ppm alleviated water stress on wheat plants, thereby increasing the values of shoot fresh mass, shoot dry mass, flag leaf fresh mass, flag leaf dry mass, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, RWC, MSI and nutrient uptake. Moreover, all Zinc levels, especially 500 ppm, increased grain yield to 66.95-65.3%, yield attributes and the grain's chemical composition (the relative content of wheat grain total protein, wet gluten, dry gluten and N P K Zn) under control and drought treatments. Therefore, foliar Zinc application, particularly at 500 ppm, can improve wheat plant growth, yield and grain nutrients beneath control and/or water stress conditions.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress reduced shoot and flag leaf biomass.
- Taxon
- bread wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Water stresse0
- Outcome
- shoot and flag leaf biomasse0
- Direction
- negative impacte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water stress was found to have a negative impact on shoot and flag leaf biomass, chlorophyll and carotenoids content, water relations and membrane characteristics”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress adversely affected chlorophyll and carotenoid content.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Water stresse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll and carotenoids contente0
- Direction
- negative impacte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water stress was found to have a negative impact on shoot and flag leaf biomass, chlorophyll and carotenoids content, water relations and membrane characteristics”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress adversely affected water relations and membrane characteristics.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Water stresse0
- Outcome
- water relations and membrane characteristicse0
- Direction
- negative impacte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water stress was found to have a negative impact on shoot and flag leaf biomass, chlorophyll and carotenoids content, water relations and membrane characteristics”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly reduced wheat yield and yield components.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- droughte0
- Outcome
- yield and yield componentse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drought significantly reduced yield and yield components”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing zinc to 500 ppm increased shoot and flag leaf fresh and dry mass under water stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Zinc up to a high level of 500 ppme0
- Outcome
- shoot fresh mass, shoot dry mass, flag leaf fresh mass, flag leaf dry masse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Qualifier
- water stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a gradual increase of Zinc up to a high level of 500 ppm alleviated water stress on wheat plants, thereby increasing the values of shoot fresh mass, shoot dry mass, flag leaf fresh mass, flag leaf dry mass, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, RWC, MSI and nutrient uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing zinc to 500 ppm increased chlorophyll and carotenoids under water stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Zinc up to a high level of 500 ppme0
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll, carotenoidse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a gradual increase of Zinc up to a high level of 500 ppm alleviated water stress on wheat plants, thereby increasing the values of shoot fresh mass, shoot dry mass, flag leaf fresh mass, flag leaf dry mass, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, RWC, MSI and nutrient uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing zinc to 500 ppm increased RWC, MSI, and nutrient uptake.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Zinc up to a high level of 500 ppme0
- Outcome
- RWC, MSI and nutrient uptakee0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a gradual increase of Zinc up to a high level of 500 ppm alleviated water stress on wheat plants, thereby increasing the values of shoot fresh mass, shoot dry mass, flag leaf fresh mass, flag leaf dry mass, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, RWC, MSI and nutrient uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc increased wheat grain yield under control and drought treatments.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- all Zinc levels, especially 500 ppme0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 66.95-65.3%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all Zinc levels, especially 500 ppm, increased grain yield to 66.95-65.3%, yield attributes and the grain's chemical composition”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc increased yield attributes under control and drought treatments.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- all Zinc levels, especially 500 ppme0
- Outcome
- yield attributese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all Zinc levels, especially 500 ppm, increased grain yield to 66.95-65.3%, yield attributes and the grain's chemical composition”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc increased wheat grain protein, gluten, and nutrient content.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- all Zinc levels, especially 500 ppme0
- Outcome
- relative content of wheat grain total protein, wet gluten, dry gluten and N P K Zne0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- under control and drought treatmentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all Zinc levels, especially 500 ppm, increased grain yield to 66.95-65.3%, yield attributes and the grain's chemical composition (the relative content of wheat grain total protein, wet gluten, dry gluten and N P K Zn) under control and drought treatments”
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