Abstract
ABSTRACT Red and blue lights are the most effective spectral components absorbed by plants and are typically applied in a constant spectrum in plant factory agricultural practices. Research and application of non‐constant light modes are relatively rare. In this study, we examined the impacts of varying blue light photon intensity and durations at 5‐, 15‐, 30‐, and 45‐min intervals of intermittent exposure on the growth and development of lettuce ( Lactuca sativa ) in plant factories while maintaining a constant red light photon flux and daily light integral (DLI). Compared to the constant light condition, intermittent blue light irradiation treatments accelerated the emergence of the leafy head trait in lettuce without compromising photosynthetic capacity and biomass. Specifically, intermittent blue light treatment with 15‐min intervals led to a reduction of 8 days in the time needed for half of the lettuce plants to reach the heading stage. Furthermore, the petiole bending angle in treated lettuce was just 70.2% of that observed under constant light conditions, with strong correlations between multiple hormone levels and bending angle in petioles. Transcriptome sequencing analyses revealed significant differential expression of signaling‐related genes between constant and intermittent blue light treatments. The transient and dynamic expression of light‐responsive and hormone metabolism‐related genes indicated that 15‐min intermittent blue light exposure better maintained the rhythmic differential expression of response genes, leading to different hormone accumulations and consequently accelerating the development of leafy heads.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Intermittent blue light irradiation accelerated leafy head emergence in lettuce compared with constant light.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativae0 - Treatment
- intermittent blue light irradiation treatmentse0
- Outcome
- emergence of the leafy head traite0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
- Comparator
- constant light conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the constant light condition, intermittent blue light irradiation treatments accelerated the emergence of the leafy head trait in lettuce without compromising photosynthetic capacity and biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
Intermittent blue light did not compromise photosynthetic capacity or biomass of lettuce relative to constant light.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- intermittent blue light irradiation treatmentse0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic capacity and biomasse0
- Direction
- without compromisinge0
- Comparator
- constant light conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the constant light condition, intermittent blue light irradiation treatments accelerated the emergence of the leafy head trait in lettuce without compromising photosynthetic capacity and biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
A 15-min interval intermittent blue light treatment reduced by 8 days the time for half of lettuce plants to reach heading.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Organ / stage
- heading stagee1
- Treatment
- intermittent blue light treatment with 15‐min intervalse1
- Outcome
- time needed for half of the lettuce plants to reach the heading stagee1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 8 dayse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“intermittent blue light treatment with 15‐min intervals led to a reduction of 8 days in the time needed for half of the lettuce plants to reach the heading stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Petiole bending angle in treated lettuce was 70.2% of that under constant light.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- intermittent blue light irradiation treatmentse0
- Outcome
- petiole bending anglee2
- Direction
- lowerinferrede2
- Value
- 70.2%e2
- Comparator
- constant light conditionse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the constant light condition, intermittent blue light irradiation treatments accelerated the emergence of the leafy head trait in lettuce without compromising photosynthetic capacity and biomass”
e2“the petiole bending angle in treated lettuce was just 70.2% of that observed under constant light conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Multiple hormone levels correlated strongly with petiole bending angle in lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Compound
- hormone levelse3
- Outcome
- bending angle in petiolese3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the constant light condition, intermittent blue light irradiation treatments accelerated the emergence of the leafy head trait in lettuce without compromising photosynthetic capacity and biomass”
e3“strong correlations between multiple hormone levels and bending angle in petioles”
Claim · model-written summary
Transcriptome analysis showed significant differential expression of signaling genes between constant and intermittent blue light in lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- intermittent blue light treatmentse4
- Outcome
- differential expressione4
- Comparator
- constant light conditione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the constant light condition, intermittent blue light irradiation treatments accelerated the emergence of the leafy head trait in lettuce without compromising photosynthetic capacity and biomass”
e4“Transcriptome sequencing analyses revealed significant differential expression of signaling‐related genes between constant and intermittent blue light treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Intermittent 15-min blue light better maintained rhythmic differential expression of response genes, leading to different hormone accumulation and faster leafy head development in lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- intermittent blue light exposuree5
- Outcome
- rhythmic differential expression of response genese5
- Qualifier
- leading to different hormone accumulationse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the constant light condition, intermittent blue light irradiation treatments accelerated the emergence of the leafy head trait in lettuce without compromising photosynthetic capacity and biomass”
e5“15‐min intermittent blue light exposure better maintained the rhythmic differential expression of response genes, leading to different hormone accumulations and consequently accelerating the development of leafy heads”
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