Abstract
Alfalfa is the most important legume forage, which is often planted in aird or semi-arid regions. The objective of this study is to explore the responsive mechanism of alfalfa with different drought tolerance to drought stress, which provides the theoretical basis for tolerant breeding of alfalfa. In this study, the new variety Medicago sativa ‘Zhongke 1’ was used as the test material, and M. sativa ‘Sanditi’ was used as the control. The effects of drought stress on growth traits, photosynthesis, chlorophyll concentration, leaf water content, osmotic adjustment substances, and antioxidant enzyme activities were determined by natural drought strategy in pots. The deferentially expressed genes were compared by transcriptome analysis. Drought stress significantly reduced plant height, biomass, relative water content of leaves, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide and chlorophyll concentration of alfalfa. Compared with Sanditi, Zhongke 1 revealed the lower malondialdehyde concentration and electrical conductivity under drought stress, but stronger osmotic regulation ability and superoxide radical scavenging ability. Transcriptome sequencing identified 5308 and 8053 drought-responsive genes of Zhongke 1 and Sanditi, respectively. GO functional annotation demonstrated that 346 drought-responsive genes were significantly enriched in six GO item categories in Zhongke 1, while 1683 drought-responsive genes in Sanditi were significantly enriched in 29 GO item categories. The relative expression levels of 19 key drought-tolerant genes in Zhongke 1 were significantly higher than those in Sanditi. Alfalfa may maintain a relatively high photosynthetic rate by up-regulating the relative expression levels of drought tolerant genes SUS, P5CS, LEA, SOD, POD, PEPC, and NCED, thus improving osmotic regulation ability and antioxidant enzyme activity. The results provide a theoretical basis for further exploration of alfalfa’s candidate genes in response to drought stress and drought tolerant breeding.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress significantly reduced plant height in alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativat0 - Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Drought stress significantly reduced plant height, biomass, relative water content of leaves, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide and chlorophyll concentration of alfalfa.”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress significantly reduced biomass in alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Drought stress significantly reduced plant height, biomass, relative water content of leaves, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide and chlorophyll concentration of alfalfa.”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress significantly reduced relative water content of leaves in alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- relative water content of leavese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Drought stress significantly reduced plant height, biomass, relative water content of leaves, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide and chlorophyll concentration of alfalfa.”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress significantly reduced photosynthetic rate in alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Drought stress significantly reduced plant height, biomass, relative water content of leaves, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide and chlorophyll concentration of alfalfa.”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress significantly reduced transpiration rate in alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- transpiration ratee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Drought stress significantly reduced plant height, biomass, relative water content of leaves, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide and chlorophyll concentration of alfalfa.”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress significantly reduced stomatal conductance in alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- stomatal conductancee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Drought stress significantly reduced plant height, biomass, relative water content of leaves, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide and chlorophyll concentration of alfalfa.”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress significantly reduced intercellular carbon dioxide in alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- intercellular carbon dioxidee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Drought stress significantly reduced plant height, biomass, relative water content of leaves, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide and chlorophyll concentration of alfalfa.”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress significantly reduced chlorophyll concentration in alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll concentratione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Drought stress significantly reduced plant height, biomass, relative water content of leaves, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide and chlorophyll concentration of alfalfa.”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought stress, Zhongke 1 had lower malondialdehyde concentration than Sanditi.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Material
- Zhongke 1e0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde concentratione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- Sanditie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Compared with Sanditi, Zhongke 1 revealed the lower malondialdehyde concentration and electrical conductivity under drought stress, but stronger osmotic regulation ability and superoxide radical scavenging ability.”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought stress, Zhongke 1 had lower electrical conductivity than Sanditi.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Material
- Zhongke 1e0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- electrical conductivitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- Sanditie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Compared with Sanditi, Zhongke 1 revealed the lower malondialdehyde concentration and electrical conductivity under drought stress, but stronger osmotic regulation ability and superoxide radical scavenging ability.”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought stress, Zhongke 1 had stronger osmotic regulation ability than Sanditi.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Material
- Zhongke 1e0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- osmotic regulation abilitye0
- Direction
- strongere0
- Comparator
- Sanditie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Compared with Sanditi, Zhongke 1 revealed the lower malondialdehyde concentration and electrical conductivity under drought stress, but stronger osmotic regulation ability and superoxide radical scavenging ability.”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought stress, Zhongke 1 had stronger superoxide radical scavenging ability than Sanditi.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Material
- Zhongke 1e0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- superoxide radical scavenging abilitye0
- Direction
- strongere0
- Comparator
- Sanditie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Compared with Sanditi, Zhongke 1 revealed the lower malondialdehyde concentration and electrical conductivity under drought stress, but stronger osmotic regulation ability and superoxide radical scavenging ability.”
Claim · model-written summary
Transcriptome sequencing identified 5308 drought-responsive genes in Zhongke 1.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Material
- Zhongke 1e0
- Outcome
- drought-responsive genese0
- Value
- 5308e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Transcriptome sequencing identified 5308 and 8053 drought-responsive genes of Zhongke 1 and Sanditi, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Transcriptome sequencing identified 8053 drought-responsive genes in Sanditi.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Material
- Sanditie0
- Outcome
- drought-responsive genese0
- Value
- 8053e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Transcriptome sequencing identified 5308 and 8053 drought-responsive genes of Zhongke 1 and Sanditi, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
In Zhongke 1, 346 drought-responsive genes were significantly enriched in six GO item categories.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Material
- Zhongke 1e0
- Outcome
- drought-responsive genese0
- Value
- 346e0
- Qualifier
- six GO item categoriese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“GO functional annotation demonstrated that 346 drought-responsive genes were significantly enriched in six GO item categories in Zhongke 1, while 1683 drought-responsive genes in Sanditi were significantly enriched in 29 GO item categories.”
Claim · model-written summary
In Sanditi, 1683 drought-responsive genes were significantly enriched in 29 GO item categories.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Material
- Sanditie0
- Outcome
- drought-responsive genese0
- Value
- 1683e0
- Qualifier
- 29 GO item categoriese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“GO functional annotation demonstrated that 346 drought-responsive genes were significantly enriched in six GO item categories in Zhongke 1, while 1683 drought-responsive genes in Sanditi were significantly enriched in 29 GO item categories.”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of 19 key drought-tolerant genes was significantly higher in Zhongke 1 than Sanditi.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Material
- Zhongke 1e0
- Outcome
- relative expression levels of 19 key drought-tolerant genese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 19e0
- Comparator
- Sanditie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“The relative expression levels of 19 key drought-tolerant genes in Zhongke 1 were significantly higher than those in Sanditi.”
Claim · model-written summary
Alfalfa may maintain a high photosynthetic rate by up-regulating drought-tolerant genes.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Gene
- SUS, P5CS, LEA, SOD, POD, PEPC, and NCEDe0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Alfalfa may maintain a relatively high photosynthetic rate by up-regulating the relative expression levels of drought tolerant genes SUS, P5CS, LEA, SOD, POD, PEPC, and NCED, thus improving osmotic regulation ability and antioxidant enzyme activity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Up-regulation of drought-tolerant genes may improve osmotic regulation ability and antioxidant enzyme activity in alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Gene
- SUS, P5CS, LEA, SOD, POD, PEPC, and NCEDe0
- Outcome
- osmotic regulation ability and antioxidant enzyme activitye0
- Direction
- improvinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“alfalfa”
e0“Alfalfa may maintain a relatively high photosynthetic rate by up-regulating the relative expression levels of drought tolerant genes SUS, P5CS, LEA, SOD, POD, PEPC, and NCED, thus improving osmotic regulation ability and antioxidant enzyme activity.”
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