Abstract
Root-knot nematodes (RKN) are responsible for significant crop losses in vegetables worldwide and are ex- tremely difficult to control. Biofumigation is one of the most important alternatives that can be used to manage RKN. This study aimed to investigate the effects of biofumigation of winter brassica species on RKN and the yield of tomatoes. Six different brassicas and nematode-susceptible spinach plants as control from winter crops were used in trials in 2 greenhouses heavily infested with Meloidogyne arenaria. After Brassica species were grown until the flowering period, they were mixed into the soil and covered with polyethylene plastic film. At the end of one month, the gall index, female, and total nematode populations in the roots were determined, and nematode-susceptible tomato seedlings were planted in all plots. Each plot’s RKN population in the soil was counted monthly. At the tomato harvest, the growth parameters of the plants were determined, the tomato roots were evaluated using a 0-5 gal index, and the tomato yield was recorded. The soil’s RKN population was lower in arugula, redhead (RHR), and whitehead radish (WHR) cultivated plots than in the others. The gall indexes of tomatoes after growing RHR and WHR were 2.25 and 2.50 for arugula but 4.80 for spinach. Tomato yield in the plots where RHR, turnip, and WHR were grown previously increased by 249%, 200%, and 174%, respectively. Brassica species positively impact tomato plant growth and yield and can suggest biofumigation with arugula, RHR, and WHR for root-knot nematode-infected areas. Key Words: Root-knot nematodes; Brassica spp.; biofumigation; tomato yield.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Arugula plots had lower soil root-knot nematode populations.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- arugulae0
- Interactor
- ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogynet0pest - Outcome
- soil’s RKN populatione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- the otherse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The soil’s RKN population was lower in arugula, redhead (RHR), and whitehead radish (WHR) cultivated plots than in the others.”
t0“ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE AND INCREASES THE TOMATO YIELD”
Claim · model-written summary
Redhead radish plots had lower soil root-knot nematode populations.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- redhead (RHR)e0
- Interactor
- ROOT-KNOT NEMATODEMeloidogynet0pest
- Outcome
- soil’s RKN populatione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- the otherse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The soil’s RKN population was lower in arugula, redhead (RHR), and whitehead radish (WHR) cultivated plots than in the others.”
t0“ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE AND INCREASES THE TOMATO YIELD”
Claim · model-written summary
Whitehead radish plots had lower soil root-knot nematode populations.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- whitehead radish (WHR)e0
- Interactor
- ROOT-KNOT NEMATODEMeloidogynet0pest
- Outcome
- soil’s RKN populatione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- the otherse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The soil’s RKN population was lower in arugula, redhead (RHR), and whitehead radish (WHR) cultivated plots than in the others.”
t0“ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE AND INCREASES THE TOMATO YIELD”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato gall index after redhead radish was 2.25, versus 4.80 after spinach.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- RHRe0
- Outcome
- gall indexes of tomatoese0
- Value
- 2.25e0
- Qualifier
- 4.80e0
- Comparator
- spinache0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The gall indexes of tomatoes after growing RHR and WHR were 2.25 and 2.50 for arugula but 4.80 for spinach.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato gall index after whitehead radish was 2.50, versus 4.80 after spinach.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- WHRe0
- Outcome
- gall indexes of tomatoese0
- Value
- 2.50e0
- Qualifier
- 4.80e0
- Comparator
- spinache0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The gall indexes of tomatoes after growing RHR and WHR were 2.25 and 2.50 for arugula but 4.80 for spinach.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato yield rose 249% after redhead radish.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato yield in the plots where RHR, turnip, and WHR were grown previously increased by 249%, 200%, and 174%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato yield rose 200% after turnip.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- turnipe0
- Outcome
- Tomato yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 200%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato yield in the plots where RHR, turnip, and WHR were grown previously increased by 249%, 200%, and 174%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato yield rose 174% after whitehead radish.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato yield in the plots where RHR, turnip, and WHR were grown previously increased by 249%, 200%, and 174%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassica species were said to improve tomato growth.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Brassica speciese0
- Outcome
- tomato plant growthe0
- Direction
- positively impacte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brassica species positively impact tomato plant growth and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend biofumigation with arugula, redhead and whitehead radish in root-knot nematode areas.
- Taxon
- TOMATOSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- biofumigation with arugula, RHR, and WHRe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“can suggest biofumigation with arugula, RHR, and WHR for root-knot nematode-infected areas.”
t0“TOMATO YIELD”
The same questions in other papers
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Raphanus sativus · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.