Abstract
Pathogen infection in host plants can alter the attraction and adaptability of herbivorous insects. Female adult insects often exhibit selective behaviours based on their environmental experiences, enabling their offspring to avoid adverse conditions and ensuring healthy growth and development. However, comprehensive studies integrating both the perspectives of offspring fitness and host plant to validate the selective significance of such parental 'Mother knows worst' experiences remain limited. Building on our previous findings that female Conogethes punctiferalis (Yellow peach moth, YPM) adults exhibit oviposition avoidance behaviour towards corn infected with Trichoderma asperellum, we further confirmed that corn infected by T. asperellum significantly inhibits the growth and development of YPM larvae. Feeding on infected corn decreases larval gut microbiota diversity, core microbiota abundance and led to differential expression of key genes in juvenile hormone metabolic pathway. Moreover, the content of flavonoid wogonin, a secondary metabolite, was significantly increased in infected corn. In vitro feeding experiments revealed that wogonin negatively impacts YPM larval growth by causing the juvenile hormone accumulation and suppressing the abundance of core gut microbial strains. This study validates the adaptive significance of parental empiricism from the perspective of offspring, while further elucidating the mechanisms by which microbial-mediated plant resistance against insects, as well as for exploring and utilizing effective biocontrol resources against YPMs.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Corn infected by T. asperellum significantly inhibited YPM larval growth and development.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- infected by T. asperellume0
- Interactor
- YPMe0pest
- Second interactor
- T. asperellum
Trichoderma asperellume0pathogen - Outcome
- growth and development of YPM larvaee0
- Direction
- inhibitse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn infected by T. asperellum significantly inhibits the growth and development of YPM larvae”
e1“Conogethes punctiferalis (Yellow peach moth, YPM)”
Claim · model-written summary
Feeding on infected corn decreased larval gut microbiota diversity.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- infected corne0
- Interactor
- YPMe1pest
- Outcome
- larval gut microbiota diversitye0
- Direction
- decreasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Feeding on infected corn decreases larval gut microbiota diversity, core microbiota abundance and led to differential expression of key genes in juvenile hormone metabolic pathway”
e1“Conogethes punctiferalis (Yellow peach moth, YPM)”
Claim · model-written summary
Feeding on infected corn decreased core larval gut microbiota abundance.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- infected corne0
- Interactor
- YPMe1pest
- Outcome
- core microbiota abundancee0
- Direction
- decreasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Feeding on infected corn decreases larval gut microbiota diversity, core microbiota abundance and led to differential expression of key genes in juvenile hormone metabolic pathway”
e1“Conogethes punctiferalis (Yellow peach moth, YPM)”
Claim · model-written summary
Feeding on infected corn altered expression of larval juvenile hormone pathway genes.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- infected corne0
- Interactor
- YPMe1pest
- Outcome
- differential expression of key genes in juvenile hormone metabolic pathwaye0
- Direction
- differentiale0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Feeding on infected corn decreases larval gut microbiota diversity, core microbiota abundance and led to differential expression of key genes in juvenile hormone metabolic pathway”
e1“Conogethes punctiferalis (Yellow peach moth, YPM)”
Claim · model-written summary
Infected corn had significantly increased wogonin content.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- infected with Trichoderma asperellume1
- Interactor
- Trichoderma asperellumTrichoderma asperellume1pathogen
- Outcome
- content of flavonoid wogonine0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“content of flavonoid wogonin, a secondary metabolite, was significantly increased in infected corn”
e1“corn infected with Trichoderma asperellum”
Claim · model-written summary
Wogonin reduced YPM larval growth in vitro.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- wogonine0
- Interactor
- YPMe0pest
- Outcome
- YPM larval growthe0
- Direction
- negatively impactse0
- Setting
- In vitro feeding experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In vitro feeding experiments revealed that wogonin negatively impacts YPM larval growth by causing the juvenile hormone accumulation and suppressing the abundance of core gut microbial strains”
e1“corn infected by T. asperellum”
Claim · model-written summary
Wogonin caused juvenile hormone accumulation in YPM larvae.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- wogonine0
- Interactor
- YPMe0pest
- Outcome
- juvenile hormone accumulatione0
- Direction
- accumulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wogonin negatively impacts YPM larval growth by causing the juvenile hormone accumulation”
e1“corn infected by T. asperellum”
Claim · model-written summary
Wogonin suppressed core gut microbial strains in YPM larvae.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- wogonine0
- Interactor
- YPMe0pest
- Outcome
- abundance of core gut microbial strainse0
- Direction
- suppressinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wogonin negatively impacts YPM larval growth by causing the juvenile hormone accumulation and suppressing the abundance of core gut microbial strains”
e1“corn infected by T. asperellum”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.