Abstract
Background: Soil salinity poses a significant threat to agricultural lands by adversely affecting soil properties, crop productivity, and, consequently, global food security. This study evaluated the effects of date palm waste compost (C), applied alone or combined with biochar (BCC) or Ramial chipped wood (RCWC), on soil properties and barley yield under arid and saline conditions. Methods: A field experiment was performed in a completely random design with three replications. In addition to the unamended soil (control), treatments with compost (C), biochar + compost (BCC) and Ramial chipped wood + compost (RCWC) were tested. We monitored soil physico-chemical parameters, straw biomass, grain yield, and soluble sugar levels over two crop seasons. Results: All treatments enhanced soil fertility. However, the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and the cation ratio of soil structural stability (CROSS) increased in soils amended with compost alone in the second crop year. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivated in soil amended with C and BCC produced 28% and 37% more dry biomass, respectively, in the second year, while no significant effects were observed in the first year. This may be attributed to the higher availability of nutrient content (N and P) in soils during the second year. In the first year, plants amended with BCC exhibited the highest accumulation of sucrose and fructose, with increases of up to 39% and 66%, respectively. Conclusions: Compost application did not affect barley yield during the first crop year, highlighting limited effects on soil fertility. However, C and BCC improved barley yield in the second year after application. No synergistic effect was observed between biochar, Ramial chipped wood, and compost. Future Perspective: Further studies should focus on the long-term effects of organic soil management, including salinity issues, to support sustainable agriculture in arid regions.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
All amendments enhanced soil fertility.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“All treatments enhanced soil fertility”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost alone increased soil SAR in year two.
- Treatment
- compost alonee0
- Outcome
- sodium adsorption ratio (SAR)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- second crop yeare0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and the cation ratio of soil structural stability (CROSS) increased in soils amended with compost alone in the second crop year”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost alone increased soil CROSS in year two.
- Treatment
- compost alonee0
- Outcome
- cation ratio of soil structural stability (CROSS)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- second crop yeare0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and the cation ratio of soil structural stability (CROSS) increased in soils amended with compost alone in the second crop year”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost increased barley dry biomass by 28% in year two.
- Taxon
- Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree0 - Treatment
- Ce0
- Outcome
- dry biomasse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 28%e0
- Qualifier
- second yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivated in soil amended with C and BCC produced 28% and 37% more dry biomass, respectively, in the second year”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar plus compost increased barley dry biomass by 37% in year two.
- Taxon
- Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- BCCe0
- Outcome
- dry biomasse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 37%e0
- Qualifier
- second yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivated in soil amended with C and BCC produced 28% and 37% more dry biomass, respectively, in the second year”
Claim · model-written summary
The amendments did not significantly affect biomass in year one.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“while no significant effects were observed in the first year”
Claim · model-written summary
BCC gave the greatest sucrose accumulation in year one, up to 39%.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- BCCe0
- Outcome
- accumulation of sucrosee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- up to 39%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants amended with BCC exhibited the highest accumulation of sucrose and fructose, with increases of up to 39% and 66%, respectively”
e1“barley yield under arid and saline conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
BCC gave the greatest fructose accumulation in year one, up to 66%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants amended with BCC exhibited the highest accumulation of sucrose and fructose, with increases of up to 39% and 66%, respectively”
e1“barley yield under arid and saline conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost did not affect barley yield in year one.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- Compost applicatione0
- Outcome
- barley yielde0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Qualifier
- first crop yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compost application did not affect barley yield during the first crop year”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost improved barley yield in year two.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- Ce0
- Outcome
- barley yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- second yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C and BCC improved barley yield in the second year after application”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar plus compost improved barley yield in year two.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- BCCe0
- Outcome
- barley yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- second yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C and BCC improved barley yield in the second year after application”
Claim · model-written summary
No synergistic effect occurred between biochar, chipped wood and compost.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- biochar, Ramial chipped wood, and composte0
- Outcome
- No synergistic effecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No synergistic effect was observed between biochar, Ramial chipped wood, and compost”
e1“barley yield under arid and saline conditions”
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