Abstract
Abstract A stable supply of transplants with floral buds is required to improve the initial yield of the June-bearing cultivars of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.). A closed transplant production system (CTPS) enables year-round production to meet the demands for the year-round production of strawberries in plant factories. In this study, we evaluated the performance of a novel method involving the localized chilling of strawberry crowns using silicone tubes containing circulated chilled water at different temperatures (10, 15, or 20°C) at the nighttime and different chilling regimes (daytime, nighttime, or entire day) under high air temperature conditions in a CTPS in terms of floral bud differentiation. We observed that 4 weeks of localized chilling at 10 or 15oC during the nighttime under the air temperature of 25/20°C (photo-/dark periods) and a photoperiod of 10 h promoted floral bud differentiation, whereas 6 weeks of localized chilling under the same conditions inhibited differentiation. Moreover, 4 weeks of localized chilling at 5oC during the daytime or entire day under the elevated air temperatures of 28/21°C and an extended photoperiod of 14 h promoted floral bud differentiation, and 6 weeks of localized chilling during the entire day under the same conditions further promoted bud differentiation compared with that in the control. Plant growth was generally unaffected by the localized chilling of the crowns. The results indicate that to cope with the impacts of elevated air temperature and photoperiod conditions, the continuous localized chilling of crowns at 5oC during the entire day for 6 weeks must be used to achieve optimal bud differentiation. These findings suggest the effectiveness of the localized chilling of the crowns for floral bud differentiation in strawberry in CTPSs, without disrupting the high-air temperature and long-day conditions required for vegetative growth.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Four weeks of nighttime crown chilling at 10 or 15oC promoted floral bud differentiation.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Treatment
- 4 weeks of localized chilling at 10 or 15oC during the nighttimee0
- Outcome
- floral bud differentiatione0
- Direction
- promotede0
- Qualifier
- air temperature of 25/20°C (photo-/dark periods) and a photoperiod of 10 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“4 weeks of localized chilling at 10 or 15oC during the nighttime under the air temperature of 25/20°C (photo-/dark periods) and a photoperiod of 10 h promoted floral bud differentiation”
t0“strawberry transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
Six weeks of localized chilling under the same conditions inhibited differentiation.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- 6 weeks of localized chillinge0
- Outcome
- differentiatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“6 weeks of localized chilling under the same conditions inhibited differentiation.”
t0“strawberry transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
Four weeks of 5oC daytime crown chilling promoted floral bud differentiation under warmer air and longer days.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- 4 weeks of localized chilling at 5oC during the daytimee0
- Outcome
- floral bud differentiatione0
- Direction
- promotede0
- Qualifier
- elevated air temperatures of 28/21°C and an extended photoperiod of 14 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“4 weeks of localized chilling at 5oC during the daytime or entire day under the elevated air temperatures of 28/21°C and an extended photoperiod of 14 h promoted floral bud differentiation”
t0“strawberry transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
Four weeks of 5oC whole-day crown chilling promoted floral bud differentiation under warmer air and longer days.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- localized chilling at 5oC during the daytime or entire daye0
- Outcome
- floral bud differentiatione0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“4 weeks of localized chilling at 5oC during the daytime or entire day under the elevated air temperatures of 28/21°C and an extended photoperiod of 14 h promoted floral bud differentiation”
t0“strawberry transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
Six weeks of whole-day chilling further promoted buds compared with control.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- 6 weeks of localized chilling during the entire daye0
- Outcome
- bud differentiatione0
- Direction
- further promotede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“6 weeks of localized chilling during the entire day under the same conditions further promoted bud differentiation compared with that in the control.”
t0“strawberry transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
Localized crown chilling generally did not affect plant growth.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- localized chilling of the crownse0
- Outcome
- Plant growthe0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant growth was generally unaffected by the localized chilling of the crowns.”
t0“strawberry transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 5oC whole-day crown chilling for six weeks for optimal bud differentiation under warm, long-day conditions.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Outcome
- continuous localized chilling of crowns at 5oC during the entire day for 6 weekse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“continuous localized chilling of crowns at 5oC during the entire day for 6 weeks must be used to achieve optimal bud differentiation.”
t0“strawberry transplants”
The same questions in other papers
crown compound · growth · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
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cold · growth · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction
- positive
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See all 17 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.