Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at the Crop Research Centre of School of Agriculture, ITM University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh during rabi 2021–22 and 2022–23 to study the influence of phosphorus and bio-fertilizers on growth and yield of chickpea under sub-tropical condition of Madhya Pradesh. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (factorial experiment) by taking four levels of phosphorus, viz. 0 kg P2 O5 /ha, 30 kg P2 O5 /ha, 40 kg P2 O5 /ha, 50 kg P2 O5 /ha and bio-fertilizers (No inoculation, PSB (B. thuringiensis) @ 20 g/kg of seed, Rhizobium (Mesorhizobium) @ 20 g/kg of seed PSB (B. thuringiensis) + Rhizobium (Mesorhizobium) which were replicated thrice. The chickpea variety “JG-16” was uniformly fertilized by 20 kg N/ ha through Urea. However, phosphorus and bio-fertilizers were applied as per the requirement of the treatments. The crop was managed as per the recommended package and practices. The experimental study revealed that among the phosphorus levels, the application of 50 kg P/ha recorded significantly highest plant height, number of nodules, shoot dry matter accumulation, number of primary and secondary branches. Further, it also produced highest seed, stover, biological yield and harvest index. Similar, result showed in N, P, K uptake. However, among the bio-fertilizers, application of Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (B. thuringiensis) + Rhizobium Mesorhizobium resulted in highest plant height, number of nodules, shoot dry matter accumulation, number of primary and secondary branches, seed and stover yield, biological yield and harvest index of chickpea. Application of 50 kg ha-1 phosphorus and combined treatment of Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (B. thuringiensis) + Rhizobium (Mesorhizobium) resulted in highest gross return, net return and Benefit: cost ratio.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
At 50 kg P/ha, chickpea plant height, nodules, shoot dry matter, and branch numbers were highest.
- Taxon
- chickpea
Cicer arietinumt0 - Treatment
- 50 kg P/hae0
- Outcome
- plant height, number of nodules, shoot dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- phosphorus levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The experimental study revealed that among the phosphorus levels, the application of 50 kg P/ha recorded significantly highest plant height, number of nodules, shoot dry matter accumulation, number of primary and secondary branches.”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
At 50 kg P/ha, seed, stover, and biological yield were highest.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Outcome
- seed, stover, biological yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Further, it also produced highest seed, stover, biological yield and harvest index.”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
At 50 kg P/ha, harvest index was highest.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Outcome
- harvest indexe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Further, it also produced highest seed, stover, biological yield and harvest index.”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
N, P, and K uptake followed a similar pattern across phosphorus treatments.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Outcome
- N, P, K uptakee0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar, result showed in N, P, K uptake.”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined phosphate solubilizing bacteria and Rhizobium gave the highest chickpea height, nodules, shoot dry matter, and branches.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (B. thuringiensis) + Rhizobium Mesorhizobiume0
- Interactor
- B. thuringiensise0symbiont
- Second interactor
- Mesorhizobium
.jpg?width=60)
Mesorhizobiume0symbiont - Outcome
- plant height, number of nodules, shoot dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“application of Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (B. thuringiensis) + Rhizobium Mesorhizobium resulted in highest plant height, number of nodules, shoot dry matter accumulation, number of primary and secondary branches, seed and stover yield, biological yield and harvest index of chickpea.”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined biofertilizers gave the highest seed and stover yield and biological yield.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (B. thuringiensis) + Rhizobium Mesorhizobiume0
- Interactor
- B. thuringiensise0symbiont
- Second interactor
- MesorhizobiumMesorhizobiume0symbiont
- Outcome
- seed and stover yield, biological yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (B. thuringiensis) + Rhizobium Mesorhizobium resulted in highest plant height, number of nodules, shoot dry matter accumulation, number of primary and secondary branches, seed and stover yield, biological yield and harvest index of chickpea.”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined biofertilizers gave the highest harvest index.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (B. thuringiensis) + Rhizobium Mesorhizobiume0
- Interactor
- B. thuringiensise0symbiont
- Second interactor
- MesorhizobiumMesorhizobiume0symbiont
- Outcome
- harvest indexe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (B. thuringiensis) + Rhizobium Mesorhizobium resulted in highest plant height, number of nodules, shoot dry matter accumulation, number of primary and secondary branches, seed and stover yield, biological yield and harvest index of chickpea.”
Claim · model-written summary
The 50 kg ha-1 phosphorus plus combined biofertilizers treatment gave the highest gross and net returns and benefit:cost ratio.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- 50 kg ha-1 phosphorus and combined treatment of Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (B. thuringiensis) + Rhizobium (Mesorhizobium)e0
- Interactor
- B. thuringiensise0symbiont
- Second interactor
- MesorhizobiumMesorhizobiume0symbiont
- Outcome
- gross return, net return and Benefit: cost ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 50 kg ha-1 phosphorus and combined treatment of Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (B. thuringiensis) + Rhizobium (Mesorhizobium) resulted in highest gross return, net return and Benefit: cost ratio.”
t0“chickpea”
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See all 168 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.