Abstract
Phosphorus (P) deficiency in agricultural land is one of the main factors which reduce the crop production and yield. To increase the crop growth, the availability of P using the rock phosphate (RP) can be enhanced using organic waste with the addition of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs). Moreover, the combination along with time and dose application of RP and compost can also affect the P-availability through mineralization and/immobilization. To investigate the effect of different combinations of RP and compost (0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 and 100:0) and time of application (30, 15, 7, 3 and 0 days before sowing), each was conducted in two consecutive pot experiments while, the rate of application (100–1000 kg ha −1 ) was investigated under field conditions, in comparison to control (recommended P fertilizer). Rock phosphate enriched compost (RP-EC) with a combination ratio of 50:50; RP and compost applied before 7 days of sowing in pot experiments resulted in the maximum nodulation, growth and productivity of chickpea. Under field conditions, the maximum increase of 35.3% in no. nodules plant −1 , 26.7% in dry wt. of nodules plant −1 and 20.8% in grain yield (t ha −1 ) compared to control was obtained by RP-EC @ 1000 kg ha −1 . The same treatment indicated an increase of 12.9 and 4.3% in P contents in straw and grains, respectively, compared to control. However, most results were non-significant when RP-EC applied at the rate of 1000 kg ha −1 . Application of RP-EC, with the ratio of 50:50 (RP:Compost) and application rate of 800 kg ha −1 before 7 days of sowing, exhibited maximum growth and development, and can be highly recommended for optimum production of chickpea.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
A 50:50 rock phosphate and compost mixture applied seven days before sowing maximized chickpea nodulation, growth and productivity in pots.
- Taxon
- chickpea
Cicer arietinume0 - Treatment
- combination ratio of 50:50e0
- Outcome
- nodulation, growth and productivitye0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Setting
- pot experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rock phosphate enriched compost (RP-EC) with a combination ratio of 50:50; RP and compost applied before 7 days of sowing in pot experiments resulted in the maximum nodulation, growth and productivity of chickpea.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 1000 kg per hectare, RP-EC increased nodules per plant by 35.3% relative to control in the field.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- RP-EC @ 1000 kg ha −1e0
- Outcome
- no. nodules plant −1e0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 35.3%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the maximum increase of 35.3% in no. nodules plant −1 , 26.7% in dry wt. of nodules plant −1 and 20.8% in grain yield (t ha −1 ) compared to control was obtained by RP-EC @ 1000 kg ha −1 .”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
At 1000 kg per hectare, RP-EC increased nodule dry weight per plant by 26.7% relative to control.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- RP-EC @ 1000 kg ha −1e0
- Outcome
- dry wt. of nodules plant −1e0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 26.7%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the maximum increase of 35.3% in no. nodules plant −1 , 26.7% in dry wt. of nodules plant −1 and 20.8% in grain yield (t ha −1 ) compared to control was obtained by RP-EC @ 1000 kg ha −1 .”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
At 1000 kg per hectare, RP-EC increased grain yield by 20.8% relative to control.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- RP-EC @ 1000 kg ha −1e0
- Outcome
- grain yield (t ha −1 )e0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 20.8%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the maximum increase of 35.3% in no. nodules plant −1 , 26.7% in dry wt. of nodules plant −1 and 20.8% in grain yield (t ha −1 ) compared to control was obtained by RP-EC @ 1000 kg ha −1 .”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment raised straw phosphorus content by 12.9% relative to control.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- same treatmente0
- Outcome
- P contents in strawe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 12.9e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The same treatment indicated an increase of 12.9 and 4.3% in P contents in straw and grains, respectively, compared to control.”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment raised grain phosphorus content by 4.3% relative to control.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- same treatmente0
- Outcome
- P contents in straw and grainse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 4.3%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The same treatment indicated an increase of 12.9 and 4.3% in P contents in straw and grains, respectively, compared to control.”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Most results at 1000 kg per hectare were non-significant.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- RP-EC applied at the rate of 1000 kg ha −1e0
- Outcome
- resultse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“most results were non-significant when RP-EC applied at the rate of 1000 kg ha −1 .”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 50:50 RP-EC at 800 kg per hectare seven days before sowing for chickpea production.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- RP-EC, with the ratio of 50:50 (RP:Compost) and application rate of 800 kg ha −1 before 7 days of sowinge0
- Outcome
- optimum production of chickpeae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of RP-EC, with the ratio of 50:50 (RP:Compost) and application rate of 800 kg ha −1 before 7 days of sowing, exhibited maximum growth and development, and can be highly recommended for optimum production of chickpea.”
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