Paper · 2024 · Scientific Reports

Comparative morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant maize genotypes in response to salinity and pb stress

Elnaz Zamani; Bahlanes Bakhtari; Hooman Razi; et al.

15
claims
30
verbatim quotes
21
citations
1
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by-nc-nd

Abstract

Salinity and lead are two important abiotic stresses that limit crop growth and yield. In this study, we assayed the effect of these stresses on tolerant and sensitive maize genotypes. Four-week-old maize plants were treated with 250 mM sodium chloride (NaCl) and 250 µM lead (Pb). Our results show that NaCl or Pb treatment of the sensitive genotype caused a significant reduction in the root length, plant height, total fresh and dry weights, as well as chlorophyll, and carotenoid content. Salt stress led to a significant decrease in the relative water content, shoot and root length, fresh and dry weight as well as leaf area and K + content but increase Na + content. Both NaCl and Pb stresses increased the antioxidant enzyme activity, proline content, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide levels. Principal component analysis (PCA) accounted for 69.8% and 16.5% of the total variation among all the variables studied. PCA also suggested a positive correlation between hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase levels, and Na + content and a negative correlation between K + content, chlorophyll content, relative water content, leaf area, root length, plant height, and total fresh, and dry weights. Together, these results suggest that the salt-tolerant maize genotype is more suitable for adapting to Pb stress compared to the salt-sensitive genotype.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 15

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

NaCl or Pb treatment of the sensitive genotype significantly reduced root length and plant height.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Material
sensitive genotypee1
Treatment
NaCl or Pb treatmente1
Outcome
root length, plant heighte1
Direction
reductione1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“NaCl or Pb treatment of the sensitive genotype caused a significant reduction in the root length, plant height, total fresh and dry weights, as well as chlorophyll, and carotenoid content”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 304–491 · show in text ↑
t0

“Comparative morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant maize genotypes in response to salinity and pb stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–144 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

NaCl or Pb treatment of the sensitive genotype significantly reduced total fresh and dry weights.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Material
sensitive genotypee1
Treatment
NaCl or Pb treatmente1
Outcome
total fresh and dry weightse1
Direction
reductione1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“NaCl or Pb treatment of the sensitive genotype caused a significant reduction in the root length, plant height, total fresh and dry weights, as well as chlorophyll, and carotenoid content”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 304–491 · show in text ↑
t0

“Comparative morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant maize genotypes in response to salinity and pb stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–144 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

NaCl or Pb treatment of the sensitive genotype significantly reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid content.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Material
sensitive genotypee1
Treatment
NaCl or Pb treatmente1
Outcome
chlorophyll, and carotenoid contente1
Direction
reductione1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“NaCl or Pb treatment of the sensitive genotype caused a significant reduction in the root length, plant height, total fresh and dry weights, as well as chlorophyll, and carotenoid content”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 304–491 · show in text ↑
t0

“Comparative morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant maize genotypes in response to salinity and pb stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–144 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Salt stress significantly decreased relative water content.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Treatment
Salt stresse2
Outcome
relative water contente2
Direction
decreasee2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e2

“Salt stress led to a significant decrease in the relative water content, shoot and root length, fresh and dry weight as well as leaf area and K + content but increase Na + content”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 493–672 · show in text ↑
t0

“Comparative morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant maize genotypes in response to salinity and pb stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–144 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Salt stress significantly decreased shoot and root length.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Treatment
Salt stresse2
Outcome
shoot and root lengthe2
Direction
decreasee2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e2

“Salt stress led to a significant decrease in the relative water content, shoot and root length, fresh and dry weight as well as leaf area and K + content but increase Na + content”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 493–672 · show in text ↑
t0

“Comparative morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant maize genotypes in response to salinity and pb stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–144 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Salt stress significantly decreased fresh and dry weight and leaf area.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Treatment
Salt stresse2
Outcome
fresh and dry weight as well as leaf areae2
Direction
decreasee2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e2

“Salt stress led to a significant decrease in the relative water content, shoot and root length, fresh and dry weight as well as leaf area and K + content but increase Na + content”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 493–672 · show in text ↑
t0

“Comparative morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant maize genotypes in response to salinity and pb stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–144 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Salt stress significantly decreased K+ content.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Treatment
Salt stresse2
Outcome
K + contente2
Direction
decreasee2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e2

“Salt stress led to a significant decrease in the relative water content, shoot and root length, fresh and dry weight as well as leaf area and K + content but increase Na + content”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 493–672 · show in text ↑
t0

“Comparative morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant maize genotypes in response to salinity and pb stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–144 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Salt stress increased Na+ content.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Treatment
Salt stresse2
Outcome
Na + contente2
Direction
increasee2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e2

“Salt stress led to a significant decrease in the relative water content, shoot and root length, fresh and dry weight as well as leaf area and K + content but increase Na + content”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 493–672 · show in text ↑
t0

“Comparative morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant maize genotypes in response to salinity and pb stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–144 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

NaCl and Pb stresses increased antioxidant enzyme activity.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Treatment
NaCl and Pb stressese3
Outcome
antioxidant enzyme activitye3
Direction
increasede3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e3

“Both NaCl and Pb stresses increased the antioxidant enzyme activity, proline content, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide levels”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 674–805 · show in text ↑
t0

“Comparative morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant maize genotypes in response to salinity and pb stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–144 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

NaCl and Pb stresses increased proline content.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Treatment
NaCl and Pb stressese3
Outcome
proline contente3
Direction
increasede3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e3

“Both NaCl and Pb stresses increased the antioxidant enzyme activity, proline content, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide levels”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 674–805 · show in text ↑
t0

“Comparative morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant maize genotypes in response to salinity and pb stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–144 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

NaCl and Pb stresses increased malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide levels.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Treatment
NaCl and Pb stressese3
Outcome
malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide levelse3
Direction
increasede3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e3

“Both NaCl and Pb stresses increased the antioxidant enzyme activity, proline content, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide levels”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 674–805 · show in text ↑
t0

“Comparative morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant maize genotypes in response to salinity and pb stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–144 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Principal component analysis explained 69.8% and 16.5% of the total variation among the variables studied.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Outcome
total variation among all the variables studiede4
Value
69.8% and 16.5%e4

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e4

“Principal component analysis (PCA) accounted for 69.8% and 16.5% of the total variation among all the variables studied”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 807–926 · show in text ↑
t0

“Comparative morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant maize genotypes in response to salinity and pb stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–144 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, peroxidase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase levels were positively correlated with Na+ content.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Compound
hydrogen peroxidee5
Outcome
correlation between hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase levels, and Na + contente5
Direction
positivee5

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e5

“PCA also suggested a positive correlation between hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase levels, and Na + content”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 928–1081 · show in text ↑
t0

“Comparative morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant maize genotypes in response to salinity and pb stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–144 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

K+, chlorophyll content and relative water content were negatively correlated with growth traits in maize.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Compound
K + contente6
Outcome
K + content, chlorophyll content, relative water contente6
Direction
negativee6

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e6

“a negative correlation between K + content, chlorophyll content, relative water content, leaf area, root length, plant height, and total fresh, and dry weights”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1086–1245 · show in text ↑
t0

“Comparative morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant maize genotypes in response to salinity and pb stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–144 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The salt-tolerant maize genotype is more suitable for adapting to Pb stress than the salt-sensitive genotype.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Material
salt-tolerant maize genotypee7
Treatment
Pb stresse7
Outcome
suitable for adapting to Pb stresse7
Direction
more suitablee7
Comparator
salt-sensitive genotypee7

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e7

“Together, these results suggest that the salt-tolerant maize genotype is more suitable for adapting to Pb stress compared to the salt-sensitive genotype”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1247–1399 · show in text ↑
t0

“Comparative morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant maize genotypes in response to salinity and pb stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–144 · show in text ↑

lead atom · growth · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

35 papers: 6 positive, 29 negative or no effect

28 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

31 papers more in this group

See all 35 papers →

lead atom · physiology: osmolytes · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

3 papers: 1 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
See all 3 papers →

lead atom · physiology: pigments · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

5 papers: 2 positive, 3 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. negative

1 paper more in this group

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lead atom · physiology: oxidative · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

8 papers: 1 positive, 7 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. negative

4 papers more in this group

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lead atom · soil: biology · Zea mays (maize)Results agree

2 papers: 0 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. negative
See all 2 papers →

salinity · molecular: metabolites · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

52 papers: 12 positive, 40 negative or no effect

39 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

48 papers more in this group

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salinity · physiology: water · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

42 papers: 11 positive, 31 negative or no effect

30 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

38 papers more in this group

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salinity · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

257 papers: 26 positive, 231 negative or no effect

230 papers in the same direction as this paper · 26 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. negative

253 papers more in this group

See all 257 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.