Abstract
Abstract A sustainable approach of farming involves using desi-cow waste products helps to improve soil biology. Jeevamrit, a traditional biofertilizer, enhances soil health and organic carbon and also reduces the need for farmyard manure, hence minimizing carbon footprint and supports eco-friendly agriculture. The present study investigated the effectiveness of Jeevamrit compared to chemical fertilizers and growth regulators for maintaining a healthy mother block of marigold. Jeevamrit was applied at a rate of 2 L per square meter every 15 days in the mother block. A comprehensive evaluation of seven nutritional and growth regulator modules was conducted across five harvesting flushes (H1, H2, H3, H4, and H5), with subsequent planting occurring in both summer and winter, and vegetative parameters compared to other treatments. Comparing cuttings from various treatments, Jeevamrit-treated plants had higher diameter (3.64 mm), rooting percentage (77.62 %), roots per cutting (35.46), survival rate (81.59 %), faster rooting (14.90 days), the microbial analysis shows a higher microbial population i.e. bacterial (18.27 × 105 cfu g−1 Soil), fungal (3.64 × 103 cfu g−1 Soil), and actinomycetes (3.12 × 103 cfu g−1 Soil) in soil and a higher uptake of N (17.73 kg ha −1), P (9.48 kg ha −1), and K (15.03 kg ha −1) by plants resulting into better growth and development. Yet, the highest cutting yield per plant (92.92) and m−2 (826.64) was observed with foliar application of benzyl adenine @ 100 ppm combined with N-P-K @ 30:20:20 g/m2. Among the harvesting flushes, H4 yielded the highest number of cuttings per plant (109.39) and per square meter (973.34). In contrast, H1 achieved the best results for rooting percentage (81.90 %), number of roots per cutting (29.78), survival percentage (78.07 %), and the shortest rooting time (14.49 days). Additionally, H3 showed the highest microbial activity, with viable bacterial counts at 14.38 × 105 cfu g−1, fungal counts at 3.56 × 103 cfu g−1, actinomycetes at 2.84 × 103 cfu g−1, and organic carbon content at 0.97 %. Under the second experiment the plants grown under natural farming produce more number (0.76 %) and yield of marketable flowers per plant (3.77 %) over recommended dose of fertilizers. The study concludes that while Jeevamrit significantly enhances plant growth and soil health, the combination of benzyl adenine with a balanced N-P-K fertilizer results in higher cutting yield. Moreover, Jeevamrit has been identified as an effective alternative to chemical fertilizers for the cultivation of marigold, specifically in the production of cuttings and flowers.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Jeevamrit-treated marigold cuttings had higher diameter (3.64 mm) than other treatments.
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e1“Comparing cuttings from various treatments, Jeevamrit-treated plants had higher diameter (3.64 mm), rooting percentage (77.62 %), roots per cutting (35.46), survival rate (81.59 %), faster rooting (14.90 days)”
Claim · model-written summary
Jeevamrit-treated marigold cuttings had higher rooting percentage (77.62 %) than other treatments.
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e1“Comparing cuttings from various treatments, Jeevamrit-treated plants had higher diameter (3.64 mm), rooting percentage (77.62 %), roots per cutting (35.46), survival rate (81.59 %), faster rooting (14.90 days)”
Claim · model-written summary
Jeevamrit-treated marigold cuttings had more roots per cutting (35.46) than other treatments.
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e1“Comparing cuttings from various treatments, Jeevamrit-treated plants had higher diameter (3.64 mm), rooting percentage (77.62 %), roots per cutting (35.46), survival rate (81.59 %), faster rooting (14.90 days)”
Claim · model-written summary
Jeevamrit-treated marigold cuttings had higher survival rate (81.59 %) than other treatments.
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e1“Comparing cuttings from various treatments, Jeevamrit-treated plants had higher diameter (3.64 mm), rooting percentage (77.62 %), roots per cutting (35.46), survival rate (81.59 %), faster rooting (14.90 days)”
Claim · model-written summary
Jeevamrit-treated marigold cuttings rooted faster (14.90 days) than other treatments.
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e1“Comparing cuttings from various treatments, Jeevamrit-treated plants had higher diameter (3.64 mm), rooting percentage (77.62 %), roots per cutting (35.46), survival rate (81.59 %), faster rooting (14.90 days)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial population in marigold soil was higher (18.27 × 105 cfu g−1 Soil) in the microbial analysis.
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e2“the microbial analysis shows a higher microbial population i.e. bacterial (18.27 × 105 cfu g−1 Soil), fungal (3.64 × 103 cfu g−1 Soil), and actinomycetes (3.12 × 103 cfu g−1 Soil) in soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal population in marigold soil was higher (3.64 × 103 cfu g−1 Soil) in the microbial analysis.
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e2“the microbial analysis shows a higher microbial population i.e. bacterial (18.27 × 105 cfu g−1 Soil), fungal (3.64 × 103 cfu g−1 Soil), and actinomycetes (3.12 × 103 cfu g−1 Soil) in soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Actinomycete population in marigold soil was higher (3.12 × 103 cfu g−1 Soil) in the microbial analysis.
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e2“the microbial analysis shows a higher microbial population i.e. bacterial (18.27 × 105 cfu g−1 Soil), fungal (3.64 × 103 cfu g−1 Soil), and actinomycetes (3.12 × 103 cfu g−1 Soil) in soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Marigold plants had higher N uptake (17.73 kg ha −1).
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e3“a higher uptake of N (17.73 kg ha −1), P (9.48 kg ha −1), and K (15.03 kg ha −1) by plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Marigold plants had higher P uptake (9.48 kg ha −1).
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e3“a higher uptake of N (17.73 kg ha −1), P (9.48 kg ha −1), and K (15.03 kg ha −1) by plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Marigold plants had higher K uptake (15.03 kg ha −1).
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e3“a higher uptake of N (17.73 kg ha −1), P (9.48 kg ha −1), and K (15.03 kg ha −1) by plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar benzyl adenine at 100 ppm with N-P-K gave the highest cutting yield per plant (92.92).
- Taxon
- marigoldt0
- Material
- Siracolet0
- Treatment
- foliar application of benzyl adenine @ 100 ppm combined with N-P-K @ 30:20:20 g/m2e4
- Outcome
- cutting yield per plante4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- 92.92e4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e4“Yet, the highest cutting yield per plant (92.92) and m−2 (826.64) was observed with foliar application of benzyl adenine @ 100 ppm combined with N-P-K @ 30:20:20 g/m2”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar benzyl adenine at 100 ppm with N-P-K gave the highest cutting yield per m−2 (826.64).
- Taxon
- marigoldt0
- Material
- Siracolet0
- Treatment
- foliar application of benzyl adenine @ 100 ppm combined with N-P-K @ 30:20:20 g/m2e4
- Outcome
- cutting yielde4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- 826.64e4
- Qualifier
- m−2e4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e4“Yet, the highest cutting yield per plant (92.92) and m−2 (826.64) was observed with foliar application of benzyl adenine @ 100 ppm combined with N-P-K @ 30:20:20 g/m2”
Claim · model-written summary
Harvest flush H4 gave the highest number of cuttings per plant (109.39).
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e5“Among the harvesting flushes, H4 yielded the highest number of cuttings per plant (109.39) and per square meter (973.34)”
Claim · model-written summary
Harvest flush H4 gave the highest number of cuttings per square meter (973.34).
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e5“Among the harvesting flushes, H4 yielded the highest number of cuttings per plant (109.39) and per square meter (973.34)”
Claim · model-written summary
Harvest flush H1 gave the best rooting percentage (81.90 %).
- Taxon
- marigoldt0
- Material
- Siracolet0
- Treatment
- H1e6
- Outcome
- rooting percentagee6
- Direction
- best resultse6
- Value
- 81.90 %e6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e6“In contrast, H1 achieved the best results for rooting percentage (81.90 %), number of roots per cutting (29.78), survival percentage (78.07 %), and the shortest rooting time (14.49 days)”
Claim · model-written summary
Harvest flush H1 gave the best number of roots per cutting (29.78).
- Taxon
- marigoldt0
- Material
- Siracolet0
- Treatment
- H1e6
- Outcome
- number of roots per cuttinge6
- Direction
- best resultse6
- Value
- 29.78e6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e6“In contrast, H1 achieved the best results for rooting percentage (81.90 %), number of roots per cutting (29.78), survival percentage (78.07 %), and the shortest rooting time (14.49 days)”
Claim · model-written summary
Harvest flush H3 showed the highest microbial activity.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e7“H3 showed the highest microbial activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Natural farming gave more marketable flowers per plant (3.77 %) than the recommended dose of fertilizers.
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e1“Under the second experiment the plants grown under natural farming produce more number (0.76 %) and yield of marketable flowers per plant (3.77 %) over recommended dose of fertilizers”
Claim · model-written summary
Jeevamrit is an effective alternative to chemical fertilizers for producing marigold cuttings and flowers.
Verbatim
t0“marigold cv. Siracole”
e2“Moreover, Jeevamrit has been identified as an effective alternative to chemical fertilizers for the cultivation of marigold, specifically in the production of cuttings and flowers”
The same questions in other papers
N-benzyladenine · yield · Tagetes (marigolds)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
application · yield · Tagetes (marigolds)Results agree
8 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.