Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) along with their conjugated forms, are important mediators of plant defense mechanisms against both biotic and abiotic stresses. Flavin-containing polyamine oxidases (PAOs) regulate PA levels through terminal oxidation. To date, the role of PAOs in plant-herbivore interaction remains poorly understood. We discovered that infestation by the brown planthopper (BPH) disrupts PA homeostasis within the leaf sheaths of rice plants, which co-occurs with the upregulation of OsPAO6, a tissue-specific inducible, apoplast-localized enzyme that regulates the terminal catabolism of spermidine (Spd) and spermine. Functional analysis using CRISPR-Cas9 genome-edited plants revealed that pao6 mutants accumulated significantly higher levels of Spd and phenylpropanoid-conjugated Spd in response to BPH infestation compared to wild-type controls. In addition, BPH feeding on pao6 mutants led to increased honeydew excretion and plant damage by female adults, consistent with in vitro experiments in which Spd enhanced BPH feeding. Furthermore, OsPAO6 transcription is regulated by jasmonate (JA) signaling, and it is dependent on MYC2, which directly binds to the G-box-like motif in the OsPAO6 promoter. Our findings reveal an important role of OsPAO6 in regulating polyamine catabolism in JA-induced responses triggered by herbivore attacks in rice.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Brown planthopper infestation disrupted polyamine homeostasis in the leaf sheaths of rice.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Organ / stage
- leaf sheathse0
- Treatment
- infestation by the brown planthopper (BPH)e0
- Interactor
- brown planthopper
Nilaparvata lugense0pest - Outcome
- PA homeostasise0
- Direction
- disruptse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“infestation by the brown planthopper (BPH) disrupts PA homeostasis within the leaf sheaths of rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
OsPAO6 upregulation co-occurred with the disruption of polyamine homeostasis in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- OsPAO6e1
- Outcome
- upregulation of OsPAO6e1
- Direction
- upregulatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“infestation by the brown planthopper (BPH) disrupts PA homeostasis within the leaf sheaths of rice plants”
e1“which co-occurs with the upregulation of OsPAO6”
Claim · model-written summary
pao6 mutants accumulated higher levels of Spd and phenylpropanoid-conjugated Spd under brown planthopper infestation than wild-type controls.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- pao6 mutantse2
- Treatment
- BPH infestatione2
- Interactor
- BPHe2pest
- Outcome
- levels of Spd and phenylpropanoid-conjugated Spde2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- wild-type controlse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“infestation by the brown planthopper (BPH) disrupts PA homeostasis within the leaf sheaths of rice plants”
e2“pao6 mutants accumulated significantly higher levels of Spd and phenylpropanoid-conjugated Spd in response to BPH infestation compared to wild-type controls”
Claim · model-written summary
BPH feeding on pao6 mutants increased honeydew excretion and plant damage.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- pao6 mutantse3
- Treatment
- BPH feedinge3
- Interactor
- BPHe3pest
- Outcome
- honeydew excretion and plant damagee3
- Direction
- increasede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“infestation by the brown planthopper (BPH) disrupts PA homeostasis within the leaf sheaths of rice plants”
e3“BPH feeding on pao6 mutants led to increased honeydew excretion and plant damage by female adults”
Claim · model-written summary
Spd enhanced BPH feeding in vitro.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“infestation by the brown planthopper (BPH) disrupts PA homeostasis within the leaf sheaths of rice plants”
e4“Spd enhanced BPH feeding”
Claim · model-written summary
OsPAO6 transcription is regulated by jasmonate signalling in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- OsPAO6e5
- Compound
- jasmonate (JA)e5
- Outcome
- OsPAO6 transcriptione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“infestation by the brown planthopper (BPH) disrupts PA homeostasis within the leaf sheaths of rice plants”
e5“OsPAO6 transcription is regulated by jasmonate (JA) signaling, and it is dependent on MYC2”
Claim · model-written summary
MYC2 directly binds to the G-box-like motif in the OsPAO6 promoter.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- MYC2e6
- Outcome
- directly binds to the G-box-like motif in the OsPAO6 promotere6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“infestation by the brown planthopper (BPH) disrupts PA homeostasis within the leaf sheaths of rice plants”
e6“MYC2, which directly binds to the G-box-like motif in the OsPAO6 promoter”
Claim · model-written summary
OsPAO6 plays an important role in regulating polyamine catabolism in jasmonate-induced responses to herbivore attack in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae7
- Gene
- OsPAO6e7
- Outcome
- polyamine catabolisme7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Our findings reveal an important role of OsPAO6 in regulating polyamine catabolism in JA-induced responses triggered by herbivore attacks in rice”
The same questions in other papers
spermidine · pest · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
6 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.