Abstract
Spermidine (Spd) is a ubiquitous low-molecular-mass aliphatic amine that acts in abiotic stress tolerance in plants. We investigated how the treatment with exogenous Spd contributed to the protection against salt stress in rice chloroplasts. Analysis of the chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence showed that there were many negative effects of salinity on different sites of the photosynthetic machinery; however, these were alleviated by adding Spd. Spd prevented the damage of structure and function of chloroplasts under salt stress; thylakoid membrane protein components and photosynthetic pigments were not severely affected by salinity in Spd-treated plants. Spd enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreased contents of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde accumulation, suggesting that Spd may participate in the redox homeostasis in chloroplasts under salt stress. These results highlighted the positive effects of Spd on rice chloroplasts under salt stress through maintaining chloroplast structure stability.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity negatively affected multiple photosynthetic machinery sites in rice.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic machinerye0
- Direction
- negative effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice photosynthetic performance”
e0“there were many negative effects of salinity on different sites of the photosynthetic machinery”
Claim · model-written summary
Spermidine alleviated salinity effects on rice photosynthetic machinery.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- adding Spde0
- Outcome
- rice photosynthetic performancet0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice photosynthetic performance”
e0“these were alleviated by adding Spd”
Claim · model-written summary
Spermidine prevented salt-induced damage to rice chloroplast structure and function.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Spde0
- Outcome
- damage of structure and function of chloroplastse0
- Direction
- preventede0
- Qualifier
- under salt stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice photosynthetic performance”
e0“Spd prevented the damage of structure and function of chloroplasts under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Thylakoid protein components and photosynthetic pigments were not severely affected by salinity in spermidine-treated rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Spd-treatede0
- Outcome
- thylakoid membrane protein components and photosynthetic pigmentse0
- Direction
- not severely affectede0
- Qualifier
- by salinitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice photosynthetic performance”
e0“thylakoid membrane protein components and photosynthetic pigments were not severely affected by salinity in Spd-treated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Spermidine enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities in salt-stressed rice chloroplasts.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Spde0
- Outcome
- activities of antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice photosynthetic performance”
e0“Spd enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreased contents of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Spermidine decreased reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde accumulation in salt-stressed rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Spde0
- Outcome
- contents of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde accumulatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice photosynthetic performance”
e0“Spd enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreased contents of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde accumulation”
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