Abstract
In the present study, the impact of residual herbicide was studied from previous applications on okra plants, explicitly concerning the growth of weeds and subsequent black gram crops. The relative density of different weed species was determined, revealing that Echinochloa colonum had the highest density at 16.56% and 12.88%, followed by Leptochloa chinensis at 13.01% and Acrachne racemosa at 10.82%. However, within the group of sedges, Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus haspan had a greater relative density of 13.01% and 9.79%, respectively. The weed-free control treatment achieved the highest seed output of black gram, followed by two manual weeding on the 20th and 40th DAS. The herbicide residue resulted from application of metribuzin 500 g ha-1 on 3rd DAS, followed by post-emergence (POE) application of quizalofopethyl 50g ha-1 on 20 DAS recorded higher plant height 5.7%, dry matter production 32.7%, clusters plants-1 33.3%, pods plant-1 79.6%, grain yield 41.0%, halum yield 44.7%, nitrogen uptake 54.3%, phosphorus uptake 117.5%, and potash uptake 81.8% as compared to the weedy check.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Echinochloa colonum had a relative density of 16.56% in okra plots.
- Taxon
- okra
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Abelmoschus esculentuse0 - Interactor
- Echinochloa colonum
Echinochloa colonae1weed - Outcome
- densitye1
- Value
- 16.56%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the impact of residual herbicide was studied from previous applications on okra plants”
e1“Echinochloa colonum had the highest density at 16.56% and 12.88%, followed by Leptochloa chinensis at 13.01% and Acrachne racemosa at 10.82%”
Claim · model-written summary
Echinochloa colonum had a relative density of 12.88% in okra plots.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Interactor
- Echinochloa colonumEchinochloa colonae1weed
- Outcome
- densitye1
- Value
- 12.88%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the impact of residual herbicide was studied from previous applications on okra plants”
e1“Echinochloa colonum had the highest density at 16.56% and 12.88%, followed by Leptochloa chinensis at 13.01% and Acrachne racemosa at 10.82%”
Claim · model-written summary
Leptochloa chinensis had a relative density of 13.01% in okra plots.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Interactor
- Leptochloa chinensis
Dinebra chinensise1weed - Outcome
- densitye1
- Value
- 13.01%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the impact of residual herbicide was studied from previous applications on okra plants”
e1“Echinochloa colonum had the highest density at 16.56% and 12.88%, followed by Leptochloa chinensis at 13.01% and Acrachne racemosa at 10.82%”
Claim · model-written summary
Acrachne racemosa had a relative density of 10.82% in okra plots.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Interactor
- Acrachne racemosaAcrachne racemosae1weed
- Outcome
- densitye1
- Value
- 10.82%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the impact of residual herbicide was studied from previous applications on okra plants”
e1“Echinochloa colonum had the highest density at 16.56% and 12.88%, followed by Leptochloa chinensis at 13.01% and Acrachne racemosa at 10.82%”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyperus rotundus had a relative density of 13.01% among sedges in okra plots.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Interactor
- Cyperus rotundus
Cyperus rotunduse2weed - Outcome
- relative densitye2
- Value
- 13.01%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the impact of residual herbicide was studied from previous applications on okra plants”
e2“within the group of sedges, Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus haspan had a greater relative density of 13.01% and 9.79%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyperus haspan had a relative density of 9.79% among sedges in okra plots.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Interactor
- Cyperus haspan
Cyperus haspane2weed - Outcome
- relative densitye2
- Value
- 9.79%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the impact of residual herbicide was studied from previous applications on okra plants”
e2“within the group of sedges, Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus haspan had a greater relative density of 13.01% and 9.79%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The weed-free control gave the highest seed output of black gram.
- Taxon
- black gram
Vigna mungoe3 - Treatment
- weed-free control treatmente3
- Outcome
- seed outpute3
- Direction
- higheste3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“blackgram”
e3“The weed-free control treatment achieved the highest seed output of black gram”
Claim · model-written summary
The residual herbicide program increased plant height of blackgram by 5.7% relative to the weedy check.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- metribuzin 500 g ha-1 on 3rd DAS, followed by post-emergence (POE) application of quizalofopethyl 50g ha-1 on 20 DASe4
- Outcome
- plant heighte4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 5.7%e4
- Comparator
- weedy checke4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“blackgram”
e4“The herbicide residue resulted from application of metribuzin 500 g ha-1 on 3rd DAS, followed by post-emergence (POE) application of quizalofopethyl 50g ha-1 on 20 DAS recorded higher plant height 5.7%, dry matter production 32.7%, clusters plants-1 33.3%, pods plant-1 79.6%, grain yield 41.0%, halum yield 44.7%, nitrogen uptake 54.3%, phosphorus uptake 117.5%, and potash uptake 81.8% as compared to the weedy check”
Claim · model-written summary
The residual herbicide program increased dry matter production of blackgram by 32.7% relative to the weedy check.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- metribuzin 500 g ha-1 on 3rd DAS, followed by post-emergence (POE) application of quizalofopethyl 50g ha-1 on 20 DASe4
- Outcome
- dry matter productione4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 32.7%e4
- Comparator
- weedy checke4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“blackgram”
e4“The herbicide residue resulted from application of metribuzin 500 g ha-1 on 3rd DAS, followed by post-emergence (POE) application of quizalofopethyl 50g ha-1 on 20 DAS recorded higher plant height 5.7%, dry matter production 32.7%, clusters plants-1 33.3%, pods plant-1 79.6%, grain yield 41.0%, halum yield 44.7%, nitrogen uptake 54.3%, phosphorus uptake 117.5%, and potash uptake 81.8% as compared to the weedy check”
Claim · model-written summary
The residual herbicide program increased clusters per plant of blackgram by 33.3% relative to the weedy check.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- metribuzin 500 g ha-1 on 3rd DAS, followed by post-emergence (POE) application of quizalofopethyl 50g ha-1 on 20 DASe4
- Outcome
- clusters plants-1e4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 33.3%e4
- Comparator
- weedy checke4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“blackgram”
e4“The herbicide residue resulted from application of metribuzin 500 g ha-1 on 3rd DAS, followed by post-emergence (POE) application of quizalofopethyl 50g ha-1 on 20 DAS recorded higher plant height 5.7%, dry matter production 32.7%, clusters plants-1 33.3%, pods plant-1 79.6%, grain yield 41.0%, halum yield 44.7%, nitrogen uptake 54.3%, phosphorus uptake 117.5%, and potash uptake 81.8% as compared to the weedy check”
Claim · model-written summary
The residual herbicide program increased pods per plant of blackgram by 79.6% relative to the weedy check.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- metribuzin 500 g ha-1 on 3rd DAS, followed by post-emergence (POE) application of quizalofopethyl 50g ha-1 on 20 DASe4
- Outcome
- pods plant-1e4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 79.6%e4
- Comparator
- weedy checke4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“blackgram”
e4“The herbicide residue resulted from application of metribuzin 500 g ha-1 on 3rd DAS, followed by post-emergence (POE) application of quizalofopethyl 50g ha-1 on 20 DAS recorded higher plant height 5.7%, dry matter production 32.7%, clusters plants-1 33.3%, pods plant-1 79.6%, grain yield 41.0%, halum yield 44.7%, nitrogen uptake 54.3%, phosphorus uptake 117.5%, and potash uptake 81.8% as compared to the weedy check”
Claim · model-written summary
The residual herbicide program increased grain yield of blackgram by 41.0% relative to the weedy check.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- metribuzin 500 g ha-1 on 3rd DAS, followed by post-emergence (POE) application of quizalofopethyl 50g ha-1 on 20 DASe4
- Outcome
- grain yielde4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 41.0%e4
- Comparator
- weedy checke4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“blackgram”
e4“The herbicide residue resulted from application of metribuzin 500 g ha-1 on 3rd DAS, followed by post-emergence (POE) application of quizalofopethyl 50g ha-1 on 20 DAS recorded higher plant height 5.7%, dry matter production 32.7%, clusters plants-1 33.3%, pods plant-1 79.6%, grain yield 41.0%, halum yield 44.7%, nitrogen uptake 54.3%, phosphorus uptake 117.5%, and potash uptake 81.8% as compared to the weedy check”
Claim · model-written summary
The residual herbicide program increased haulm yield of blackgram by 44.7% relative to the weedy check.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- metribuzin 500 g ha-1 on 3rd DAS, followed by post-emergence (POE) application of quizalofopethyl 50g ha-1 on 20 DASe4
- Outcome
- halum yielde4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 44.7%e4
- Comparator
- weedy checke4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“blackgram”
e4“The herbicide residue resulted from application of metribuzin 500 g ha-1 on 3rd DAS, followed by post-emergence (POE) application of quizalofopethyl 50g ha-1 on 20 DAS recorded higher plant height 5.7%, dry matter production 32.7%, clusters plants-1 33.3%, pods plant-1 79.6%, grain yield 41.0%, halum yield 44.7%, nitrogen uptake 54.3%, phosphorus uptake 117.5%, and potash uptake 81.8% as compared to the weedy check”
Claim · model-written summary
The residual herbicide program increased nitrogen uptake of blackgram by 54.3% relative to the weedy check.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- metribuzin 500 g ha-1 on 3rd DAS, followed by post-emergence (POE) application of quizalofopethyl 50g ha-1 on 20 DASe4
- Outcome
- nitrogen uptakee4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 54.3%e4
- Comparator
- weedy checke4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“blackgram”
e4“The herbicide residue resulted from application of metribuzin 500 g ha-1 on 3rd DAS, followed by post-emergence (POE) application of quizalofopethyl 50g ha-1 on 20 DAS recorded higher plant height 5.7%, dry matter production 32.7%, clusters plants-1 33.3%, pods plant-1 79.6%, grain yield 41.0%, halum yield 44.7%, nitrogen uptake 54.3%, phosphorus uptake 117.5%, and potash uptake 81.8% as compared to the weedy check”
Claim · model-written summary
The residual herbicide program increased phosphorus uptake of blackgram by 117.5% relative to the weedy check.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- metribuzin 500 g ha-1 on 3rd DAS, followed by post-emergence (POE) application of quizalofopethyl 50g ha-1 on 20 DASe4
- Outcome
- phosphorus uptakee4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 117.5%e4
- Comparator
- weedy checke4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“blackgram”
e4“The herbicide residue resulted from application of metribuzin 500 g ha-1 on 3rd DAS, followed by post-emergence (POE) application of quizalofopethyl 50g ha-1 on 20 DAS recorded higher plant height 5.7%, dry matter production 32.7%, clusters plants-1 33.3%, pods plant-1 79.6%, grain yield 41.0%, halum yield 44.7%, nitrogen uptake 54.3%, phosphorus uptake 117.5%, and potash uptake 81.8% as compared to the weedy check”
Claim · model-written summary
The residual herbicide program increased potash uptake of blackgram by 81.8% relative to the weedy check.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- metribuzin 500 g ha-1 on 3rd DAS, followed by post-emergence (POE) application of quizalofopethyl 50g ha-1 on 20 DASe4
- Outcome
- potash uptakee4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 81.8%e4
- Comparator
- weedy checke4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“blackgram”
e4“The herbicide residue resulted from application of metribuzin 500 g ha-1 on 3rd DAS, followed by post-emergence (POE) application of quizalofopethyl 50g ha-1 on 20 DAS recorded higher plant height 5.7%, dry matter production 32.7%, clusters plants-1 33.3%, pods plant-1 79.6%, grain yield 41.0%, halum yield 44.7%, nitrogen uptake 54.3%, phosphorus uptake 117.5%, and potash uptake 81.8% as compared to the weedy check”
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