Abstract
Abstract Postemergence (POST) herbicides that control troublesome weeds during hybrid bermudagrass establishment via sprigs are limited due to potential turfgrass phytotoxicity and herbicide-resistant weeds. Research experiments were conducted in Blacksburg, VA, and Hope, AR, in 2016 and 2023 to evaluate herbicide programs to control goosegrass and smooth crabgrass and the response of hybrid bermudagrass sprigs to POST herbicides applied 3 to 5 wk after establishment (WAE). Another study was conducted to assess the tolerance of ‘Latitude 36’, ‘Tahoma 31’, and ‘TifTuf’ hybrid bermudagrass sprigs to POST herbicides applied 4 to 5 WAE. Thiencarbazone + foramsulfuron + halosulfuron did not injure hybrid bermudagrass > 6% across four cultivars and a total of 10 site-yr but reduced goosegrass and smooth crabgrass cover equivalent to the best-performing treatments. Topramezone + metribuzin injured turfgrass > 25% at 14 d after treatment (DAT), but tank mixing with thiencarbazone + foramsulfuron + halosulfuron reduced injury by 5% to 22%. Quinclorac injured hybrid bermudagrass 17% to 58%, depending on site, which was more than most other treatments. Mesotrione-, quinclorac-, or topramezone-based programs injured hybrid bermudagrass and also reduced turfgrass cover, the dark green color index, and the normalized difference vegetation index, but turfgrass recovered by 28 DAT. Results suggest that turfgrass managers have a variety of herbicides that can control smooth crabgrass and goosegrass during hybrid bermudagrass sprig establishment, but the margin of selectivity is relatively low for mesotrione, quinclorac, and topramezone and may be dependent on herbicide rate or hybrid bermudagrass cultivar.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Thiencarbazone + foramsulfuron + halosulfuron caused no more than 6% bermudagrass injury across four cultivars and ten site-years.
- Taxon
- hybrid bermudagrass
Cynodon dactylone0 - Treatment
- Thiencarbazone + foramsulfuron + halosulfurone0
- Outcome
- injuree0
- Value
- > 6%e0
- Qualifier
- across four cultivars and a total of 10 site-yre0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Thiencarbazone + foramsulfuron + halosulfuron did not injure hybrid bermudagrass > 6% across four cultivars and a total of 10 site-yr”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiencarbazone + foramsulfuron + halosulfuron reduced goosegrass cover as effectively as the best treatments.
- Taxon
- goosegrasse0
- Treatment
- Thiencarbazone + foramsulfuron + halosulfurone0
- Interactor
- hybrid bermudagrassCynodon dactylone0other
- Outcome
- covere0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- best-performing treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Thiencarbazone + foramsulfuron + halosulfuron did not injure hybrid bermudagrass > 6% across four cultivars and a total of 10 site-yr but reduced goosegrass and smooth crabgrass cover equivalent to the best-performing treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiencarbazone + foramsulfuron + halosulfuron reduced smooth crabgrass cover as effectively as the best treatments.
- Taxon
- smooth crabgrass
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Digitaria ischaemume0 - Treatment
- Thiencarbazone + foramsulfuron + halosulfurone0
- Interactor
- hybrid bermudagrassCynodon dactylone0other
- Outcome
- covere0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- best-performing treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Thiencarbazone + foramsulfuron + halosulfuron did not injure hybrid bermudagrass > 6% across four cultivars and a total of 10 site-yr but reduced goosegrass and smooth crabgrass cover equivalent to the best-performing treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Topramezone + metribuzin caused more than 25% turfgrass injury at 14 days after treatment.
- Taxon
- hybrid bermudagrassCynodon dactylont0
- Treatment
- Topramezone + metribuzine0
- Outcome
- injured turfgrasse0
- Value
- > 25%e0
- Qualifier
- 14 d after treatment (DAT)e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Topramezone + metribuzin injured turfgrass > 25% at 14 d after treatment (DAT)”
t0“hybrid bermudagrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank mixing thiencarbazone + foramsulfuron + halosulfuron reduced topramezone + metribuzin injury by 5% to 22%.
- Taxon
- hybrid bermudagrassCynodon dactylont0
- Treatment
- tank mixing with thiencarbazone + foramsulfuron + halosulfurone0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 5% to 22%e0
- Comparator
- Topramezone + metribuzine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Topramezone + metribuzin injured turfgrass > 25% at 14 d after treatment (DAT), but tank mixing with thiencarbazone + foramsulfuron + halosulfuron reduced injury by 5% to 22%.”
t0“hybrid bermudagrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Quinclorac caused 17% to 58% bermudagrass injury depending on site, exceeding most treatments.
- Taxon
- hybrid bermudagrassCynodon dactylone0
- Treatment
- Quinclorace0
- Outcome
- injured hybrid bermudagrasse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 17% to 58%e0
- Qualifier
- depending on sitee0
- Comparator
- most other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Quinclorac injured hybrid bermudagrass 17% to 58%, depending on site, which was more than most other treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mesotrione-based programs injured bermudagrass and reduced cover, dark green color index and normalized difference vegetation index, with recovery by 28 days.
- Taxon
- hybrid bermudagrassCynodon dactylone0
- Treatment
- Mesotrione-e0
- Outcome
- turfgrass cover, the dark green color index, and the normalized difference vegetation indexe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- turfgrass recovered by 28 DATe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mesotrione-, quinclorac-, or topramezone-based programs injured hybrid bermudagrass and also reduced turfgrass cover, the dark green color index, and the normalized difference vegetation index, but turfgrass recovered by 28 DAT.”
Claim · model-written summary
Quinclorac-based programs injured bermudagrass and reduced cover, dark green color index and normalized difference vegetation index, with recovery by 28 days.
- Taxon
- hybrid bermudagrassCynodon dactylone0
- Treatment
- quinclorac-e0
- Outcome
- turfgrass cover, the dark green color index, and the normalized difference vegetation indexe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- turfgrass recovered by 28 DATe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mesotrione-, quinclorac-, or topramezone-based programs injured hybrid bermudagrass and also reduced turfgrass cover, the dark green color index, and the normalized difference vegetation index, but turfgrass recovered by 28 DAT.”
Claim · model-written summary
Topramezone-based programs injured bermudagrass and reduced cover, dark green color index and normalized difference vegetation index, with recovery by 28 days.
- Taxon
- hybrid bermudagrassCynodon dactylone0
- Treatment
- topramezone-based programse0
- Outcome
- turfgrass cover, the dark green color index, and the normalized difference vegetation indexe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- turfgrass recovered by 28 DATe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mesotrione-, quinclorac-, or topramezone-based programs injured hybrid bermudagrass and also reduced turfgrass cover, the dark green color index, and the normalized difference vegetation index, but turfgrass recovered by 28 DAT.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that herbicides can control goosegrass during sprig establishment, although mesotrione, quinclorac and topramezone have relatively low selectivity potentially dependent on rate or cultivar.
- Taxon
- hybrid bermudagrassCynodon dactylone0
- Interactor
- goosegrasse0weed
- Second interactor
- smooth crabgrassDigitaria ischaemume0weed
- Outcome
- herbicides that can control smooth crabgrass and goosegrass during hybrid bermudagrass sprig establishmente0
- Qualifier
- margin of selectivity is relatively low for mesotrione, quinclorac, and topramezone and may be dependent on herbicide rate or hybrid bermudagrass cultivare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results suggest that turfgrass managers have a variety of herbicides that can control smooth crabgrass and goosegrass during hybrid bermudagrass sprig establishment, but the margin of selectivity is relatively low for mesotrione, quinclorac, and topramezone and may be dependent on herbicide rate or hybrid bermudagrass cultivar.”
The same questions in other papers
foramsulfuron · crop injury · Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass)Positive and negative results
1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
quinclorac · crop injury · Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
topramezone · crop injury · Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →metribuzin · crop injury · Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.