Abstract
Abstract When a postemergence (POST) herbicide is used to control large crabgrass [ Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.] in common bermudagrass [ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.], the herbicide should maintain optimum weed control for 8 to 10 weeks without causing undesirable injury to the turfgrass. A field experiment was conducted during 1993 and 1994 to determine the lowest rate of Drive (quinclorac) needed to control large crabgrass without causing undesirable injury to bermudagrass turf. Drive (quinclorac) applied at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A) initially in early May and repeated at the same rate at a 2-week interval, controlled 85% large crabgrass for 16 weeks in 1993 and 70% for 10 weeks in 1994. The control in 1994 was 96% for 17 weeks when the herbicide was applied at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A) in each of three applications on May 2, May 29, and June 13. The maximum bermudagrass injury in 1993 from Drive (quinclorac) applied at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A) in each of two applications at 2- to 4-week interval was ≤ 27% compared to ≥ 33% when ≥ 0.56 kg ai/ha (≥ 0.5 lb ai/A) was applied as a single application. Bermudagrass treated initially with Drive (quinclorac) at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A) was injured higher in 1994 (≤ 35%) than in 1993 (≤ 14%). Bermudagrass injury was ≥ 40% when the second application was delayed until mid- to late June either year or when the herbicide was applied in three applications during May and June 1994.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Two 0.28 kg ai/ha quinclorac applications controlled 85% crabgrass for 16 weeks in 1993.
- Taxon
- Common Bermudagrasst0
- Treatment
- Drive (quinclorac) applied at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A) initially in early May and repeated at the same rate at a 2-week intervale0
- Interactor
- large crabgrasse0weed
- Outcome
- large crabgrasse0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 85%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Drive (quinclorac) applied at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A) initially in early May and repeated at the same rate at a 2-week interval, controlled 85% large crabgrass for 16 weeks in 1993”
t0“Common Bermudagrass”
Claim · model-written summary
The same schedule controlled 70% crabgrass for 10 weeks in 1994.
- Taxon
- Common Bermudagrasst0
- Treatment
- Drive (quinclorac) applied at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A) initially in early May and repeated at the same rate at a 2-week intervale0
- Interactor
- large crabgrasse0weed
- Outcome
- large crabgrasse0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 70%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Drive (quinclorac) applied at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A) initially in early May and repeated at the same rate at a 2-week interval, controlled 85% large crabgrass for 16 weeks in 1993 and 70% for 10 weeks in 1994”
t0“Common Bermudagrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Two low-rate applications caused at most 27% bermudagrass injury in 1993 versus at least 33% for one high-rate application.
- Taxon
- bermudagrass
Cynodon dactylone0 - Treatment
- Drive (quinclorac) applied at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A) in each of two applications at 2- to 4-week intervale0
- Outcome
- bermudagrass injurye0
- Value
- ≤ 27%e0
- Qualifier
- ≥ 33%e0
- Comparator
- ≥ 0.56 kg ai/ha (≥ 0.5 lb ai/A)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum bermudagrass injury in 1993 from Drive (quinclorac) applied at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A) in each of two applications at 2- to 4-week interval was ≤ 27% compared to ≥ 33% when ≥ 0.56 kg ai/ha (≥ 0.5 lb ai/A) was applied as a single application”
Claim · model-written summary
Low-rate quinclorac initially applied in 1994 caused more injury than in 1993.
- Taxon
- BermudagrassCynodon dactylone0
- Treatment
- Drive (quinclorac) at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A)e0
- Outcome
- injurede0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- ≤ 35%e0
- Qualifier
- ≤ 14%e0
- Comparator
- 1993e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bermudagrass treated initially with Drive (quinclorac) at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A) was injured higher in 1994 (≤ 35%) than in 1993 (≤ 14%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Delayed second application or three applications in 1994 caused at least 40% bermudagrass injury.
- Taxon
- BermudagrassCynodon dactylone0
- Treatment
- the second application was delayed until mid- to late Junee0
- Outcome
- Bermudagrass injurye0
- Value
- ≥ 40%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bermudagrass injury was ≥ 40% when the second application was delayed until mid- to late June either year or when the herbicide was applied in three applications during May and June 1994”
The same questions in other papers
quinclorac · crop injury · Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.