Abstract
Soil nutrients exhibit heterogeneity in their spatial distribution, presenting challenges to plant acquisition. Notably, phosphorus (P) heterogeneity is a characteristic feature of soil, necessitating the development of adaptive strategies by plants to cope with this phenomenon. To address this, fully crossed three-factor experiments were conducted using red clover within rhizoboxes. Positions of P in three conditions, included P even distribution (even P), P close distribution (close P), and P far distribution (far P). Concurrently, N addition was two amounts(0 and 20 mg kg − 1 ), both with and without AMF inoculation. The findings indicated a decrease in aboveground biomass attributable to uneven P distribution, whereas N and AMF demonstrated the potential to affect aboveground biomass. In a structural equation model, AMF primarily increased aboveground biomass by enhancing nodule number and specific leaf area (SLA). In contrast, N addition improved aboveground biomass through increased nodule number or direct effects. Subsequently, a random forest model indicated that under the far P treatment, fine root length emerged as the primary factor affecting aboveground biomass, followed by thickest root length. Conversely, in the even P treatment, the thickest root length was of paramount importance. In summary, when confronted with uneven P distribution, clover plants adopted various root foraging strategies. AMF played a pivotal role in elevating nodule number, and SLA.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Uneven phosphorus distribution decreased red clover aboveground biomass.
- Taxon
- red clover
Trifolium pratenset0 - Treatment
- uneven P distributione0
- Outcome
- aboveground biomasse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The findings indicated a decrease in aboveground biomass attributable to uneven P distribution, whereas N and AMF demonstrated the potential to affect aboveground biomass.”
t0“red clover aboveground biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF increased red clover aboveground biomass by enhancing nodule number and specific leaf area.
- Taxon
- red cloverTrifolium pratenset0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculationt1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- aboveground biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- enhancing nodule number and specific leaf area (SLA)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF primarily increased aboveground biomass by enhancing nodule number and specific leaf area (SLA).”
t0“red clover aboveground biomass”
t1“AMF inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen addition improved red clover aboveground biomass through nodule number or direct effects.
- Taxon
- red cloverTrifolium pratenset0
- Treatment
- N additione0
- Outcome
- aboveground biomasse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- increased nodule number or direct effectse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N addition improved aboveground biomass through increased nodule number or direct effects.”
t0“red clover aboveground biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
Under far P, fine root length was the main modeled factor for biomass, followed by thickest root length.
- Taxon
- red cloverTrifolium pratenset0
- Organ / stage
- fine roote0
- Treatment
- far P treatmente0
- Outcome
- aboveground biomasse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under the far P treatment, fine root length emerged as the primary factor affecting aboveground biomass, followed by thickest root length.”
t0“red clover aboveground biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
Under even P, thickest root length was the most important modeled biomass factor.
- Taxon
- red cloverTrifolium pratenset0
- Organ / stage
- thickest roote0
- Treatment
- even P treatmente0
- Outcome
- aboveground biomasst0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the even P treatment, the thickest root length was of paramount importance.”
t0“red clover aboveground biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF elevated red clover nodule number and specific leaf area.
- Taxon
- red cloverTrifolium pratenset0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculationt1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- nodule number, and SLAe0
- Direction
- elevatinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF played a pivotal role in elevating nodule number, and SLA.”
t0“red clover aboveground biomass”
t1“AMF inoculation”
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