Abstract
Salt stress is a critical abiotic factor that adversely affects plant growth and productivity by impairing photosynthesis. This study explores the impact of exogenous ascorbic acid (AsA) on the photosynthetic performance of tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Ligeer 87-5) under salt stress. Hydroponic experiments were conducted in a solar greenhouse, where tomato seedlings were subjected to the following five treatments: Control, NaCl, NaCl + AsA, NaCl + lycorine (LYC), and NaCl + LYC + AsA. Our findings demonstrate that salt stress significantly reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, levels of chlorophyll synthesis precursors (5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), porphobilinogen (PBG), uroporphyrinogen III (Urogen III), protoporphyrin IX (Proto IX), magnesium protoporphyrin IX (Mg-Proto IX), protochlorophyllide (Pchl)), and essential elements (Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mo, and P) in both roots and leaves. These reductions led to a substantial decline in net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and compromised photosystem II (PSII). In contrast, exogenous AsA application significantly enhanced the content of photosynthetic pigment precursors and essential elements, improved stomatal aperture and gas exchange efficiency, and boosted the photosynthetic performance of tomato seedlings under salt stress. Furthermore, AsA treatment mitigated the negative effects of salt stress by protecting PSII, increased light energy utilization efficiency, and alleviated both stomatal and non-stomatal limitations. The application of the AsA synthesis inhibitor LYC exacerbated the detrimental effects of salt stress, further reducing chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency. In conclusion, exogenous AsA plays a vital role in enhancing the photosynthetic performance and stress tolerance of tomato seedlings under salt stress by stabilizing chlorophyll biosynthesis, facilitating essential element absorption, and optimizing stomatal function. This study provides a new approach and feasible measures for improving tomato resistance and yield, which is significant for enhancing crop productivity, managing saline soils, and promoting sustainable agricultural practices.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress significantly reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in tomato seedlings.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Organ / stage
- roots and leavese1
- Treatment
- salt stresse1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll and carotenoid contentse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- Controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Ligeer 87-5)”
e1“salt stress significantly reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, levels of chlorophyll synthesis precursors (5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), porphobilinogen (PBG), uroporphyrinogen III (Urogen III), protoporphyrin IX (Proto IX), magnesium protoporphyrin IX (Mg-Proto IX), protochlorophyllide (Pchl)), and essential elements (Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mo, and P) in both roots and leaves”
e2“subjected to the following five treatments: Control, NaCl, NaCl + AsA, NaCl + lycorine (LYC), and NaCl + LYC + AsA”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous AsA significantly enhanced the content of photosynthetic pigment precursors and essential elements in salt-stressed tomato seedlings compared with NaCl.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- exogenous AsA applicatione3
- Outcome
- content of photosynthetic pigment precursors and essential elementse3
- Direction
- enhancede3
- Comparator
- NaCle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Ligeer 87-5)”
e2“subjected to the following five treatments: Control, NaCl, NaCl + AsA, NaCl + lycorine (LYC), and NaCl + LYC + AsA”
e3“exogenous AsA application significantly enhanced the content of photosynthetic pigment precursors and essential elements, improved stomatal aperture and gas exchange efficiency, and boosted the photosynthetic performance of tomato seedlings under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous AsA improved stomatal aperture and gas exchange efficiency in salt-stressed tomato seedlings compared with NaCl.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- exogenous AsA applicatione3
- Outcome
- stomatal aperture and gas exchange efficiencye3
- Direction
- improvede3
- Comparator
- NaCle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Ligeer 87-5)”
e2“subjected to the following five treatments: Control, NaCl, NaCl + AsA, NaCl + lycorine (LYC), and NaCl + LYC + AsA”
e3“exogenous AsA application significantly enhanced the content of photosynthetic pigment precursors and essential elements, improved stomatal aperture and gas exchange efficiency, and boosted the photosynthetic performance of tomato seedlings under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous AsA boosted the photosynthetic performance of salt-stressed tomato seedlings compared with NaCl.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- exogenous AsA applicatione3
- Outcome
- photosynthetic performancee3
- Direction
- boostede3
- Comparator
- NaCle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Ligeer 87-5)”
e2“subjected to the following five treatments: Control, NaCl, NaCl + AsA, NaCl + lycorine (LYC), and NaCl + LYC + AsA”
e3“exogenous AsA application significantly enhanced the content of photosynthetic pigment precursors and essential elements, improved stomatal aperture and gas exchange efficiency, and boosted the photosynthetic performance of tomato seedlings under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
AsA treatment increased light energy utilization efficiency in salt-stressed tomato seedlings compared with NaCl.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- AsA treatmente4
- Outcome
- light energy utilization efficiencye4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Comparator
- NaCle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Ligeer 87-5)”
e2“subjected to the following five treatments: Control, NaCl, NaCl + AsA, NaCl + lycorine (LYC), and NaCl + LYC + AsA”
e4“Furthermore, AsA treatment mitigated the negative effects of salt stress by protecting PSII, increased light energy utilization efficiency, and alleviated both stomatal and non-stomatal limitations”
Claim · model-written summary
AsA treatment alleviated both stomatal and non-stomatal limitations of photosynthesis in salt-stressed tomato seedlings compared with NaCl.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- AsA treatmente4
- Outcome
- stomatal and non-stomatal limitationse4
- Direction
- alleviatede4
- Comparator
- NaCle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Ligeer 87-5)”
e2“subjected to the following five treatments: Control, NaCl, NaCl + AsA, NaCl + lycorine (LYC), and NaCl + LYC + AsA”
e4“Furthermore, AsA treatment mitigated the negative effects of salt stress by protecting PSII, increased light energy utilization efficiency, and alleviated both stomatal and non-stomatal limitations”
Claim · model-written summary
AsA treatment mitigated the negative effects of salt stress on tomato seedlings by protecting PSII.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- AsA treatmente4
- Outcome
- negative effects of salt stresse4
- Direction
- mitigatede4
- Qualifier
- by protecting PSIIe4
- Comparator
- NaCle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Ligeer 87-5)”
e2“subjected to the following five treatments: Control, NaCl, NaCl + AsA, NaCl + lycorine (LYC), and NaCl + LYC + AsA”
e4“Furthermore, AsA treatment mitigated the negative effects of salt stress by protecting PSII, increased light energy utilization efficiency, and alleviated both stomatal and non-stomatal limitations”
Claim · model-written summary
The AsA synthesis inhibitor LYC reduced chlorophyll content in salt-stressed tomato seedlings beyond salt stress alone.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- AsA synthesis inhibitor LYCe5
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente5
- Direction
- reducinge5
- Comparator
- NaCle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Ligeer 87-5)”
e2“subjected to the following five treatments: Control, NaCl, NaCl + AsA, NaCl + lycorine (LYC), and NaCl + LYC + AsA”
e5“The application of the AsA synthesis inhibitor LYC exacerbated the detrimental effects of salt stress, further reducing chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
The AsA synthesis inhibitor LYC reduced photosynthetic efficiency in salt-stressed tomato seedlings beyond salt stress alone.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- AsA synthesis inhibitor LYCe5
- Outcome
- photosynthetic efficiencye5
- Direction
- reducinge5
- Comparator
- NaCle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Ligeer 87-5)”
e2“subjected to the following five treatments: Control, NaCl, NaCl + AsA, NaCl + lycorine (LYC), and NaCl + LYC + AsA”
e5“The application of the AsA synthesis inhibitor LYC exacerbated the detrimental effects of salt stress, further reducing chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous AsA is proposed to enhance photosynthetic performance and stress tolerance of tomato seedlings under salt stress by stabilizing chlorophyll biosynthesis, facilitating essential element absorption and optimizing stomatal function.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume6
- Treatment
- exogenous AsAe6
- Outcome
- photosynthetic performance and stress tolerancee6
- Qualifier
- stabilizing chlorophyll biosynthesis, facilitating essential element absorption, and optimizing stomatal functione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“In conclusion, exogenous AsA plays a vital role in enhancing the photosynthetic performance and stress tolerance of tomato seedlings under salt stress by stabilizing chlorophyll biosynthesis, facilitating essential element absorption, and optimizing stomatal function”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress significantly reduced levels of chlorophyll synthesis precursors in roots and leaves of tomato seedlings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- roots and leavese1
- Treatment
- salt stresse1
- Outcome
- levels of chlorophyll synthesis precursorse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- Controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Ligeer 87-5)”
e1“salt stress significantly reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, levels of chlorophyll synthesis precursors (5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), porphobilinogen (PBG), uroporphyrinogen III (Urogen III), protoporphyrin IX (Proto IX), magnesium protoporphyrin IX (Mg-Proto IX), protochlorophyllide (Pchl)), and essential elements (Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mo, and P) in both roots and leaves”
e2“subjected to the following five treatments: Control, NaCl, NaCl + AsA, NaCl + lycorine (LYC), and NaCl + LYC + AsA”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress significantly reduced essential element levels (Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mo and P) in roots and leaves of tomato seedlings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- roots and leavese1
- Treatment
- salt stresse1
- Outcome
- essential elementse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Qualifier
- Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mo, and Pe1
- Comparator
- Controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Ligeer 87-5)”
e1“salt stress significantly reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, levels of chlorophyll synthesis precursors (5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), porphobilinogen (PBG), uroporphyrinogen III (Urogen III), protoporphyrin IX (Proto IX), magnesium protoporphyrin IX (Mg-Proto IX), protochlorophyllide (Pchl)), and essential elements (Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mo, and P) in both roots and leaves”
e2“subjected to the following five treatments: Control, NaCl, NaCl + AsA, NaCl + lycorine (LYC), and NaCl + LYC + AsA”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress caused a substantial decline in net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of tomato seedlings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- salt stresse1
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic rate (Pn)e7
- Direction
- declinee7
- Comparator
- Controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Ligeer 87-5)”
e1“salt stress significantly reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, levels of chlorophyll synthesis precursors (5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), porphobilinogen (PBG), uroporphyrinogen III (Urogen III), protoporphyrin IX (Proto IX), magnesium protoporphyrin IX (Mg-Proto IX), protochlorophyllide (Pchl)), and essential elements (Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mo, and P) in both roots and leaves”
e2“subjected to the following five treatments: Control, NaCl, NaCl + AsA, NaCl + lycorine (LYC), and NaCl + LYC + AsA”
e7“These reductions led to a substantial decline in net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and compromised photosystem II (PSII)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress compromised photosystem II (PSII) in tomato seedlings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- salt stresse1
- Outcome
- photosystem II (PSII)e7
- Direction
- compromisede7
- Comparator
- Controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Ligeer 87-5)”
e1“salt stress significantly reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, levels of chlorophyll synthesis precursors (5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), porphobilinogen (PBG), uroporphyrinogen III (Urogen III), protoporphyrin IX (Proto IX), magnesium protoporphyrin IX (Mg-Proto IX), protochlorophyllide (Pchl)), and essential elements (Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mo, and P) in both roots and leaves”
e2“subjected to the following five treatments: Control, NaCl, NaCl + AsA, NaCl + lycorine (LYC), and NaCl + LYC + AsA”
e7“These reductions led to a substantial decline in net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and compromised photosystem II (PSII)”
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See all 71 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.