Abstract
Abstract Seed priming with nanoparticles (NPs) has gained considerable scientific attention; especially in regulating seed metabolism and signaling pathways, to establish seedling with improved germination in stress condition. Hence, the present study was conducted to understand the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) as a seed priming agent on physio-biochemical and seed quality parameters of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under various salinity stress level (50 and 100 mM NaCl). Results showed that significant decrease was recorded in seed quality, physiological and biochemical parameters in unprimed seeds under 50 and 100 mM NaCl salinity stress condition, respectively as compared to control (without NaCl condition). However, ZnO NP @ 750 ppm for 6 h duration was found to notably increase the germination (4.8 and 12.6%), seed vigour index I (42.6 and 69%), II (43.1 and 68.1%), photosynthetic pigments (28.9 and 33.1%), TSS (27.0 and 26.5%), soluble protein (14.2 and 15.1%), phenol (40.4 and 34.1%), proline (59.0 and 62.1%) and antioxidant potential, however, the mean germination time (12.6 and 14.1%) was found to decrease under 50 and 100 mM NaCl salinity stress conditions, respectively, as compared to unprimed seeds. The genotype, QA001 performed significantly better than QA002 genotype under both control and salinity stress condition. Overall, seed priming with ZnO NP significantly enhanced chlorophyll content, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidative defense mechanism and osmotic adjustment, which in turn reduced ROS accumulation and lipid peroxidation in cell membrane in tomato at the early seedling stage.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Under 50 and 100 mM NaCl, unprimed tomato seeds showed significantly decreased seed quality, physiological and biochemical parameters compared with the control without NaCl.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- 50 and 100 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- seed quality, physiological and biochemical parameterse2
- Direction
- decreasee2
- Comparator
- control (without NaCl condition)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under various salinity stress level (50 and 100 mM NaCl)”
e2“Results showed that significant decrease was recorded in seed quality, physiological and biochemical parameters in unprimed seeds under 50 and 100 mM NaCl salinity stress condition, respectively as compared to control (without NaCl condition)”
t0“Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Based Seed Priming for Enhancing Seed Vigour and Physio-Biochemical Quality of Tomato Seedlings under Salinity Stress”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO NP seed priming at 750 ppm for 6 h increased germination of tomato under salinity, by 4.8 and 12.6%, compared with unprimed seeds.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- ZnO NP @ 750 ppm for 6 h duratione1
- Outcome
- germinatione1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 4.8 and 12.6%e1
- Qualifier
- 50 and 100 mM NaCle1
- Comparator
- unprimed seedse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under various salinity stress level (50 and 100 mM NaCl)”
e1“ZnO NP @ 750 ppm for 6 h duration was found to notably increase the germination (4.8 and 12.6%), seed vigour index I (42.6 and 69%), II (43.1 and 68.1%), photosynthetic pigments (28.9 and 33.1%), TSS (27.0 and 26.5%), soluble protein (14.2 and 15.1%), phenol (40.4 and 34.1%), proline (59.0 and 62.1%) and antioxidant potential, however, the mean germination time (12.6 and 14.1%) was found to decrease under 50 and 100 mM NaCl salinity stress conditions, respectively, as compared to unprimed seeds”
t0“Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Based Seed Priming for Enhancing Seed Vigour and Physio-Biochemical Quality of Tomato Seedlings under Salinity Stress”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO NP seed priming at 750 ppm for 6 h increased seed vigour index I of tomato under salinity, by 42.6 and 69%, compared with unprimed seeds.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- ZnO NP @ 750 ppm for 6 h duratione1
- Outcome
- seed vigour index Ie1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 42.6 and 69%e1
- Qualifier
- 50 and 100 mM NaCle1
- Comparator
- unprimed seedse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under various salinity stress level (50 and 100 mM NaCl)”
e1“ZnO NP @ 750 ppm for 6 h duration was found to notably increase the germination (4.8 and 12.6%), seed vigour index I (42.6 and 69%), II (43.1 and 68.1%), photosynthetic pigments (28.9 and 33.1%), TSS (27.0 and 26.5%), soluble protein (14.2 and 15.1%), phenol (40.4 and 34.1%), proline (59.0 and 62.1%) and antioxidant potential, however, the mean germination time (12.6 and 14.1%) was found to decrease under 50 and 100 mM NaCl salinity stress conditions, respectively, as compared to unprimed seeds”
t0“Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Based Seed Priming for Enhancing Seed Vigour and Physio-Biochemical Quality of Tomato Seedlings under Salinity Stress”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO NP seed priming at 750 ppm for 6 h increased seed vigour index II of tomato under salinity, by 43.1 and 68.1%, compared with unprimed seeds.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- ZnO NP @ 750 ppm for 6 h duratione1
- Outcome
- seed vigour indexe1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 43.1 and 68.1%e1
- Qualifier
- 50 and 100 mM NaCle1
- Comparator
- unprimed seedse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under various salinity stress level (50 and 100 mM NaCl)”
e1“ZnO NP @ 750 ppm for 6 h duration was found to notably increase the germination (4.8 and 12.6%), seed vigour index I (42.6 and 69%), II (43.1 and 68.1%), photosynthetic pigments (28.9 and 33.1%), TSS (27.0 and 26.5%), soluble protein (14.2 and 15.1%), phenol (40.4 and 34.1%), proline (59.0 and 62.1%) and antioxidant potential, however, the mean germination time (12.6 and 14.1%) was found to decrease under 50 and 100 mM NaCl salinity stress conditions, respectively, as compared to unprimed seeds”
t0“Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Based Seed Priming for Enhancing Seed Vigour and Physio-Biochemical Quality of Tomato Seedlings under Salinity Stress”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO NP seed priming at 750 ppm for 6 h increased photosynthetic pigments of tomato under salinity, by 28.9 and 33.1%, compared with unprimed seeds.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- ZnO NP @ 750 ppm for 6 h duratione1
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigmentse1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 28.9 and 33.1%e1
- Qualifier
- 50 and 100 mM NaCle1
- Comparator
- unprimed seedse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under various salinity stress level (50 and 100 mM NaCl)”
e1“ZnO NP @ 750 ppm for 6 h duration was found to notably increase the germination (4.8 and 12.6%), seed vigour index I (42.6 and 69%), II (43.1 and 68.1%), photosynthetic pigments (28.9 and 33.1%), TSS (27.0 and 26.5%), soluble protein (14.2 and 15.1%), phenol (40.4 and 34.1%), proline (59.0 and 62.1%) and antioxidant potential, however, the mean germination time (12.6 and 14.1%) was found to decrease under 50 and 100 mM NaCl salinity stress conditions, respectively, as compared to unprimed seeds”
t0“Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Based Seed Priming for Enhancing Seed Vigour and Physio-Biochemical Quality of Tomato Seedlings under Salinity Stress”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO NP seed priming at 750 ppm for 6 h increased TSS of tomato under salinity, by 27.0 and 26.5%, compared with unprimed seeds.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- ZnO NP @ 750 ppm for 6 h duratione1
- Outcome
- TSSe1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 27.0 and 26.5%e1
- Qualifier
- 50 and 100 mM NaCle1
- Comparator
- unprimed seedse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under various salinity stress level (50 and 100 mM NaCl)”
e1“ZnO NP @ 750 ppm for 6 h duration was found to notably increase the germination (4.8 and 12.6%), seed vigour index I (42.6 and 69%), II (43.1 and 68.1%), photosynthetic pigments (28.9 and 33.1%), TSS (27.0 and 26.5%), soluble protein (14.2 and 15.1%), phenol (40.4 and 34.1%), proline (59.0 and 62.1%) and antioxidant potential, however, the mean germination time (12.6 and 14.1%) was found to decrease under 50 and 100 mM NaCl salinity stress conditions, respectively, as compared to unprimed seeds”
t0“Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Based Seed Priming for Enhancing Seed Vigour and Physio-Biochemical Quality of Tomato Seedlings under Salinity Stress”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO NP seed priming at 750 ppm for 6 h increased soluble protein of tomato under salinity, by 14.2 and 15.1%, compared with unprimed seeds.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- ZnO NP @ 750 ppm for 6 h duratione1
- Outcome
- soluble proteine1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 14.2 and 15.1%e1
- Qualifier
- 50 and 100 mM NaCle1
- Comparator
- unprimed seedse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under various salinity stress level (50 and 100 mM NaCl)”
e1“ZnO NP @ 750 ppm for 6 h duration was found to notably increase the germination (4.8 and 12.6%), seed vigour index I (42.6 and 69%), II (43.1 and 68.1%), photosynthetic pigments (28.9 and 33.1%), TSS (27.0 and 26.5%), soluble protein (14.2 and 15.1%), phenol (40.4 and 34.1%), proline (59.0 and 62.1%) and antioxidant potential, however, the mean germination time (12.6 and 14.1%) was found to decrease under 50 and 100 mM NaCl salinity stress conditions, respectively, as compared to unprimed seeds”
t0“Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Based Seed Priming for Enhancing Seed Vigour and Physio-Biochemical Quality of Tomato Seedlings under Salinity Stress”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO NP seed priming at 750 ppm for 6 h increased phenol content of tomato under salinity, by 40.4 and 34.1%, compared with unprimed seeds.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- ZnO NP @ 750 ppm for 6 h duratione1
- Outcome
- phenole1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 40.4 and 34.1%e1
- Qualifier
- 50 and 100 mM NaCle1
- Comparator
- unprimed seedse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under various salinity stress level (50 and 100 mM NaCl)”
e1“ZnO NP @ 750 ppm for 6 h duration was found to notably increase the germination (4.8 and 12.6%), seed vigour index I (42.6 and 69%), II (43.1 and 68.1%), photosynthetic pigments (28.9 and 33.1%), TSS (27.0 and 26.5%), soluble protein (14.2 and 15.1%), phenol (40.4 and 34.1%), proline (59.0 and 62.1%) and antioxidant potential, however, the mean germination time (12.6 and 14.1%) was found to decrease under 50 and 100 mM NaCl salinity stress conditions, respectively, as compared to unprimed seeds”
t0“Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Based Seed Priming for Enhancing Seed Vigour and Physio-Biochemical Quality of Tomato Seedlings under Salinity Stress”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO NP seed priming at 750 ppm for 6 h increased proline of tomato under salinity, by 59.0 and 62.1%, compared with unprimed seeds.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- ZnO NP @ 750 ppm for 6 h duratione1
- Outcome
- prolinee1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 59.0 and 62.1%e1
- Qualifier
- 50 and 100 mM NaCle1
- Comparator
- unprimed seedse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under various salinity stress level (50 and 100 mM NaCl)”
e1“ZnO NP @ 750 ppm for 6 h duration was found to notably increase the germination (4.8 and 12.6%), seed vigour index I (42.6 and 69%), II (43.1 and 68.1%), photosynthetic pigments (28.9 and 33.1%), TSS (27.0 and 26.5%), soluble protein (14.2 and 15.1%), phenol (40.4 and 34.1%), proline (59.0 and 62.1%) and antioxidant potential, however, the mean germination time (12.6 and 14.1%) was found to decrease under 50 and 100 mM NaCl salinity stress conditions, respectively, as compared to unprimed seeds”
t0“Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Based Seed Priming for Enhancing Seed Vigour and Physio-Biochemical Quality of Tomato Seedlings under Salinity Stress”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO NP seed priming at 750 ppm for 6 h decreased mean germination time of tomato under salinity, by 12.6 and 14.1%, compared with unprimed seeds.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- ZnO NP @ 750 ppm for 6 h duratione1
- Outcome
- the mean germination timee1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Value
- 12.6 and 14.1%e1
- Qualifier
- 50 and 100 mM NaCle1
- Comparator
- unprimed seedse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under various salinity stress level (50 and 100 mM NaCl)”
e1“ZnO NP @ 750 ppm for 6 h duration was found to notably increase the germination (4.8 and 12.6%), seed vigour index I (42.6 and 69%), II (43.1 and 68.1%), photosynthetic pigments (28.9 and 33.1%), TSS (27.0 and 26.5%), soluble protein (14.2 and 15.1%), phenol (40.4 and 34.1%), proline (59.0 and 62.1%) and antioxidant potential, however, the mean germination time (12.6 and 14.1%) was found to decrease under 50 and 100 mM NaCl salinity stress conditions, respectively, as compared to unprimed seeds”
t0“Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Based Seed Priming for Enhancing Seed Vigour and Physio-Biochemical Quality of Tomato Seedlings under Salinity Stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed priming with ZnO NP significantly enhanced chlorophyll content and osmotic adjustment in tomato at the early seedling stage.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume3
- Organ / stage
- early seedling stagee3
- Treatment
- seed priming with ZnO NPe3
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente3
- Direction
- significantly enhancede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under various salinity stress level (50 and 100 mM NaCl)”
e3“Overall, seed priming with ZnO NP significantly enhanced chlorophyll content, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidative defense mechanism and osmotic adjustment, which in turn reduced ROS accumulation and lipid peroxidation in cell membrane in tomato at the early seedling stage”
t0“Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Based Seed Priming for Enhancing Seed Vigour and Physio-Biochemical Quality of Tomato Seedlings under Salinity Stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed priming with ZnO NP reduced ROS accumulation and lipid peroxidation in tomato at the early seedling stage.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume3
- Organ / stage
- early seedling stagee3
- Treatment
- seed priming with ZnO NPe3
- Outcome
- ROS accumulation and lipid peroxidatione3
- Direction
- reducede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under various salinity stress level (50 and 100 mM NaCl)”
e3“Overall, seed priming with ZnO NP significantly enhanced chlorophyll content, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidative defense mechanism and osmotic adjustment, which in turn reduced ROS accumulation and lipid peroxidation in cell membrane in tomato at the early seedling stage”
t0“Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Based Seed Priming for Enhancing Seed Vigour and Physio-Biochemical Quality of Tomato Seedlings under Salinity Stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype QA001 performed significantly better than QA002 under both control and salinity stress conditions.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Material
- QA001e4
- Outcome
- performede4
- Direction
- significantly bettere4
- Qualifier
- under both control and salinity stress conditione4
- Comparator
- QA002e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under various salinity stress level (50 and 100 mM NaCl)”
e4“The genotype, QA001 performed significantly better than QA002 genotype under both control and salinity stress condition”
t0“Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Based Seed Priming for Enhancing Seed Vigour and Physio-Biochemical Quality of Tomato Seedlings under Salinity Stress”
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