Abstract
BACKGROUND: The goal of this research is to enhance the quality of cucumber seedlings grown in greenhouses by experimenting with various soilless culture mediums (CMs) and the application of pistachio wood vinegar (WV). The experimental setup was designed as a factorial experiment within a randomized complete block design (RCBD), in greenhouse conditions featuring three replications to assess the effects of different culture media (CMs) and concentrations of pistachio wood vinegar (WV) on cucumber seedling growth. Cucumber seeds were planted in three CMs: coco peat-peat moss, coco peat-vermicompost, and date palm compost-vermicompost mixed in a 75:25 volume-to-volume ratio. These were then treated with pistachio WV at concentrations of 0, 0.5, and 1%, applied four times during irrigation following the emergence of the third leaf. RESULTS: The study revealed that treating seedlings with 0.5% WV in the date palm compost-vermicompost CM significantly enhanced various growth parameters. Specifically, it resulted in a 90% increase in shoot fresh mass, a 59% increase in shoot dry mass, an 11% increase in root fresh mass, a 36% increase in root dry mass, a 65% increase in shoot length, a 62% increase in leaf area, a 25% increase in stem diameter, a 41% increase in relative water content (RWC), and a 6% improvement in membrane stability index (MSI), all in comparison to untreated seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CM. Furthermore, chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid levels were 2.3, 2.7, 2.6, and 2.7 times higher, respectively, in seedlings treated with 0.5% WV and grown in the date palm compost-vermicompost CM, compared to those treated with the same concentration of WV but grown in coco peat-peat moss CM. Additionally, the Fv/Fm ratio saw a 52% increase. When plant nutrition was enhanced with the date palm compost-vermicompost CM and 1% WV, auxin content rose by 130% compared to seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CM and treated with 0.5% WV. CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrates that using 0.5% WV in conjunction with date palm compost-vermicompost CM significantly betters the quality of cucumber seedlings, outperforming other treatment combinations.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
shoot fresh mass increased by 90% under 0.5% WV and date palm compost-vermicompost compared with untreated coco peat-peat moss.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativus
Cucumis sativust0 - Treatment
- 0.5% WV in the date palm compost-vermicompost CMe0
- Outcome
- shoot fresh masse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 90%e0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treating seedlings with 0.5% WV in the date palm compost-vermicompost CM significantly enhanced various growth parameters. Specifically, it resulted in a 90% increase in shoot fresh mass, a 59% increase in shoot dry mass, an 11% increase in root fresh mass, a 36% increase in root dry mass, a 65% increase in shoot length, a 62% increase in leaf area, a 25% increase in stem diameter, a 41% increase in relative water content (RWC), and a 6% improvement in membrane stability index (MSI), all in comparison to untreated seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CM”
t0“Cucumis sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
shoot dry mass increased by 59% under 0.5% WV and date palm compost-vermicompost compared with untreated coco peat-peat moss.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 0.5% WV in the date palm compost-vermicompost CMe0
- Outcome
- shoot dry masse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 59%e0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treating seedlings with 0.5% WV in the date palm compost-vermicompost CM significantly enhanced various growth parameters. Specifically, it resulted in a 90% increase in shoot fresh mass, a 59% increase in shoot dry mass, an 11% increase in root fresh mass, a 36% increase in root dry mass, a 65% increase in shoot length, a 62% increase in leaf area, a 25% increase in stem diameter, a 41% increase in relative water content (RWC), and a 6% improvement in membrane stability index (MSI), all in comparison to untreated seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CM”
t0“Cucumis sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
root fresh mass increased by 11% under 0.5% WV and date palm compost-vermicompost compared with untreated coco peat-peat moss.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 0.5% WV in the date palm compost-vermicompost CMe0
- Outcome
- root fresh masse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 11%e0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treating seedlings with 0.5% WV in the date palm compost-vermicompost CM significantly enhanced various growth parameters. Specifically, it resulted in a 90% increase in shoot fresh mass, a 59% increase in shoot dry mass, an 11% increase in root fresh mass, a 36% increase in root dry mass, a 65% increase in shoot length, a 62% increase in leaf area, a 25% increase in stem diameter, a 41% increase in relative water content (RWC), and a 6% improvement in membrane stability index (MSI), all in comparison to untreated seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CM”
t0“Cucumis sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
root dry mass increased by 36% under 0.5% WV and date palm compost-vermicompost compared with untreated coco peat-peat moss.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 0.5% WV in the date palm compost-vermicompost CMe0
- Outcome
- root dry masse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 36%e0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treating seedlings with 0.5% WV in the date palm compost-vermicompost CM significantly enhanced various growth parameters. Specifically, it resulted in a 90% increase in shoot fresh mass, a 59% increase in shoot dry mass, an 11% increase in root fresh mass, a 36% increase in root dry mass, a 65% increase in shoot length, a 62% increase in leaf area, a 25% increase in stem diameter, a 41% increase in relative water content (RWC), and a 6% improvement in membrane stability index (MSI), all in comparison to untreated seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CM”
t0“Cucumis sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
shoot length increased by 65% under 0.5% WV and date palm compost-vermicompost compared with untreated coco peat-peat moss.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 0.5% WV in the date palm compost-vermicompost CMe0
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 65%e0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treating seedlings with 0.5% WV in the date palm compost-vermicompost CM significantly enhanced various growth parameters. Specifically, it resulted in a 90% increase in shoot fresh mass, a 59% increase in shoot dry mass, an 11% increase in root fresh mass, a 36% increase in root dry mass, a 65% increase in shoot length, a 62% increase in leaf area, a 25% increase in stem diameter, a 41% increase in relative water content (RWC), and a 6% improvement in membrane stability index (MSI), all in comparison to untreated seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CM”
t0“Cucumis sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
leaf area increased by 62% under 0.5% WV and date palm compost-vermicompost compared with untreated coco peat-peat moss.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 0.5% WV in the date palm compost-vermicompost CMe0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 62%e0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treating seedlings with 0.5% WV in the date palm compost-vermicompost CM significantly enhanced various growth parameters. Specifically, it resulted in a 90% increase in shoot fresh mass, a 59% increase in shoot dry mass, an 11% increase in root fresh mass, a 36% increase in root dry mass, a 65% increase in shoot length, a 62% increase in leaf area, a 25% increase in stem diameter, a 41% increase in relative water content (RWC), and a 6% improvement in membrane stability index (MSI), all in comparison to untreated seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CM”
t0“Cucumis sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
stem diameter increased by 25% under 0.5% WV and date palm compost-vermicompost compared with untreated coco peat-peat moss.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 0.5% WV in the date palm compost-vermicompost CMe0
- Outcome
- stem diametere0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 25%e0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treating seedlings with 0.5% WV in the date palm compost-vermicompost CM significantly enhanced various growth parameters. Specifically, it resulted in a 90% increase in shoot fresh mass, a 59% increase in shoot dry mass, an 11% increase in root fresh mass, a 36% increase in root dry mass, a 65% increase in shoot length, a 62% increase in leaf area, a 25% increase in stem diameter, a 41% increase in relative water content (RWC), and a 6% improvement in membrane stability index (MSI), all in comparison to untreated seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CM”
t0“Cucumis sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
relative water content (RWC) increased by 41% under 0.5% WV and date palm compost-vermicompost compared with untreated coco peat-peat moss.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 0.5% WV in the date palm compost-vermicompost CMe0
- Outcome
- relative water content (RWC)e0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 41%e0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treating seedlings with 0.5% WV in the date palm compost-vermicompost CM significantly enhanced various growth parameters. Specifically, it resulted in a 90% increase in shoot fresh mass, a 59% increase in shoot dry mass, an 11% increase in root fresh mass, a 36% increase in root dry mass, a 65% increase in shoot length, a 62% increase in leaf area, a 25% increase in stem diameter, a 41% increase in relative water content (RWC), and a 6% improvement in membrane stability index (MSI), all in comparison to untreated seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CM”
t0“Cucumis sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
membrane stability index (MSI) increased by 6% under 0.5% WV and date palm compost-vermicompost compared with untreated coco peat-peat moss.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 0.5% WV in the date palm compost-vermicompost CMe0
- Outcome
- membrane stability index (MSI)e0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Value
- 6%e0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treating seedlings with 0.5% WV in the date palm compost-vermicompost CM significantly enhanced various growth parameters. Specifically, it resulted in a 90% increase in shoot fresh mass, a 59% increase in shoot dry mass, an 11% increase in root fresh mass, a 36% increase in root dry mass, a 65% increase in shoot length, a 62% increase in leaf area, a 25% increase in stem diameter, a 41% increase in relative water content (RWC), and a 6% improvement in membrane stability index (MSI), all in comparison to untreated seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CM”
t0“Cucumis sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
chlorophyll a was 2.3 higher under 0.5% WV with date palm compost-vermicompost than with coco peat-peat moss.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 0.5% WV and grown in the date palm compost-vermicompost CMe0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll ae0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 2.3e0
- Comparator
- the same concentration of WV but grown in coco peat-peat moss CMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid levels were 2.3, 2.7, 2.6, and 2.7 times higher, respectively, in seedlings treated with 0.5% WV and grown in the date palm compost-vermicompost CM, compared to those treated with the same concentration of WV but grown in coco peat-peat moss CM”
t0“Cucumis sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
chlorophyll b was 2.7 higher under 0.5% WV with date palm compost-vermicompost than with coco peat-peat moss.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 0.5% WV and grown in the date palm compost-vermicompost CMe0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll a, be0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 2.7e0
- Comparator
- the same concentration of WV but grown in coco peat-peat moss CMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid levels were 2.3, 2.7, 2.6, and 2.7 times higher, respectively, in seedlings treated with 0.5% WV and grown in the date palm compost-vermicompost CM, compared to those treated with the same concentration of WV but grown in coco peat-peat moss CM”
t0“Cucumis sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
total chlorophyll was 2.6 higher under 0.5% WV with date palm compost-vermicompost than with coco peat-peat moss.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 0.5% WV and grown in the date palm compost-vermicompost CMe0
- Outcome
- total chlorophylle0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 2.6e0
- Comparator
- the same concentration of WV but grown in coco peat-peat moss CMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid levels were 2.3, 2.7, 2.6, and 2.7 times higher, respectively, in seedlings treated with 0.5% WV and grown in the date palm compost-vermicompost CM, compared to those treated with the same concentration of WV but grown in coco peat-peat moss CM”
t0“Cucumis sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
carotenoid was 2.7 higher under 0.5% WV with date palm compost-vermicompost than with coco peat-peat moss.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 0.5% WV and grown in the date palm compost-vermicompost CMe0
- Outcome
- carotenoide0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 2.7e0
- Comparator
- the same concentration of WV but grown in coco peat-peat moss CMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid levels were 2.3, 2.7, 2.6, and 2.7 times higher, respectively, in seedlings treated with 0.5% WV and grown in the date palm compost-vermicompost CM, compared to those treated with the same concentration of WV but grown in coco peat-peat moss CM”
t0“Cucumis sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
The Fv/Fm ratio increased by 52%.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativust0
- Outcome
- Fv/Fm ratioe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 52%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Fv/Fm ratio saw a 52% increase”
t0“Cucumis sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
The date palm compost-vermicompost medium with 1% WV increased auxin content by 130% relative to coco peat-peat moss with 0.5% WV.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- date palm compost-vermicompost CM and 1% WVe0
- Outcome
- auxin contente0
- Direction
- rosee0
- Value
- 130%e0
- Comparator
- coco peat-peat moss CM and treated with 0.5% WVe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When plant nutrition was enhanced with the date palm compost-vermicompost CM and 1% WV, auxin content rose by 130% compared to seedlings grown in coco peat-peat moss CM and treated with 0.5% WV”
t0“Cucumis sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that 0.5% WV with date palm compost-vermicompost improves cucumber seedling quality more than other combinations.
- Taxon
- cucumber seedlingsCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- 0.5% WV in conjunction with date palm compost-vermicompost CMe0
- Outcome
- quality of cucumber seedlingse0
- Comparator
- other treatment combinationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“using 0.5% WV in conjunction with date palm compost-vermicompost CM significantly betters the quality of cucumber seedlings, outperforming other treatment combinations”
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