Abstract
Background: Groundnut is one of the most important oilseed crops and also a good source of proteins, carbohydrates and fibre. Conventionally, groundnut cultivation also need good amount of commercial nitrogen fertilizers which are found to be not efficiently and effectively utilized by the plants, also lost due to leaching and so, causing severe ecological damage. However, our study of priming groundnut seeds with nanofertilizers have reduced the dosage of fertilizers as well as increased the yields. Methods: A two-year field experiment (2020-2021) was carried out to evaluate the effect of nano fertilizers (NF) (phosphorus, zinc, and iron) seed priming and NF foliar spray on the growth, yield, and seed quality characteristics of groundnut var TG-37 A. Groundnut was chosen as the testcrop and seeds were primed with nanofertilizers as well as standing crop is foliar sprayed with nanofertilizer at pre-flowering stage. The effect of nanofertilizers on test crop was evaluated on seed germination, seedling vigor, plant growth, flowering, chlorophyll content, pod yield, oil content and protein content. Result: The results indicated that in both the years, NF seed primingandfoliar sprays treatments showed higher seed germination and seedling vigor aided in early establishment in soil, which manifested by higher plant height, early flowering, higher leaf chlorophyll content, 100-seed weight and shelling percentage. Pod yield per plant was 30.1% and 33.0% higher in 2020 and 2021, respectively, as compared to the control. In both years, the application of nano fertilizers considerably boosted the oil and protein content compared to the control (31.5% and 28.9% for oil, 33.1% and 30.0% for protein). Thus, it is concluded that nano-fertilizers considerably improved growth, yield and quality of groundnut.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Priming groundnut seeds with nanofertilizers reduced fertilizer dosage.
- Taxon
- groundnut
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Treatment
- priming groundnut seeds with nanofertilizerse0
- Outcome
- dosage of fertilizerse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“priming groundnut seeds with nanofertilizers have reduced the dosage of fertilizers as well as increased the yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-fertilizer seed priming and foliar sprays increased seed germination and seedling vigor and aided early soil establishment in both years.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- NF seed primingandfoliar sprays treatmentse0
- Outcome
- seed germination and seedling vigore0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- in both the yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in both the years, NF seed primingandfoliar sprays treatments showed higher seed germination and seedling vigor aided in early establishment in soil”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-fertilizer treatments increased plant height and leaf chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- NF seed primingandfoliar sprays treatmentse0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- higher leaf chlorophyll contente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NF seed primingandfoliar sprays treatments showed higher seed germination and seedling vigor aided in early establishment in soil, which manifested by higher plant height, early flowering, higher leaf chlorophyll content, 100-seed weight and shelling percentage.”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-fertilizer treatments produced early flowering.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- NF seed primingandfoliar sprays treatmentse0
- Outcome
- floweringe0
- Direction
- earlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NF seed primingandfoliar sprays treatments showed higher seed germination and seedling vigor aided in early establishment in soil, which manifested by higher plant height, early flowering”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-fertilizer treatments increased 100-seed weight and shelling percentage.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- NF seed primingandfoliar sprays treatmentse0
- Outcome
- 100-seed weight and shelling percentagee0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NF seed primingandfoliar sprays treatments showed higher seed germination and seedling vigor aided in early establishment in soil, which manifested by higher plant height, early flowering, higher leaf chlorophyll content, 100-seed weight and shelling percentage.”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Pod yield per plant increased 30.1% over control in 2020.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- NF seed primingandfoliar sprays treatmentse1
- Outcome
- Pod yield per plante0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 30.1%e0
- Qualifier
- 2020e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pod yield per plant was 30.1% and 33.0% higher in 2020 and 2021, respectively, as compared to the control.”
e1“NF seed primingandfoliar sprays treatments”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Pod yield per plant increased 33.0% over control in 2021.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- NF seed primingandfoliar sprays treatmentse1
- Outcome
- Pod yield per plante0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 33.0%e0
- Qualifier
- 2021e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pod yield per plant was 30.1% and 33.0% higher in 2020 and 2021, respectively, as compared to the control.”
e1“NF seed primingandfoliar sprays treatments”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-fertilizers boosted oil content by 31.5% in the first year relative to control.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- application of nano fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- oile0
- Direction
- boostede0
- Value
- 31.5%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both years, the application of nano fertilizers considerably boosted the oil and protein content compared to the control (31.5% and 28.9% for oil, 33.1% and 30.0% for protein).”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-fertilizers boosted oil content by 28.9% in the second year relative to control.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- application of nano fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- oile0
- Direction
- boostede0
- Value
- 28.9%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both years, the application of nano fertilizers considerably boosted the oil and protein content compared to the control (31.5% and 28.9% for oil, 33.1% and 30.0% for protein).”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-fertilizers boosted protein content by 33.1% in the first year relative to control.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- application of nano fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- protein contente0
- Direction
- boostede0
- Value
- 33.1%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both years, the application of nano fertilizers considerably boosted the oil and protein content compared to the control (31.5% and 28.9% for oil, 33.1% and 30.0% for protein).”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-fertilizers boosted protein content by 30.0% in the second year relative to control.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- application of nano fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- protein contente0
- Direction
- boostede0
- Value
- 30.0%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both years, the application of nano fertilizers considerably boosted the oil and protein content compared to the control (31.5% and 28.9% for oil, 33.1% and 30.0% for protein).”
t0“Groundnut”
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