Abstract
An investigation was initiated to examine the effects of nanoscale zinc oxide particles on plant growth and development. In view of the widespread cultivation of peanut in India and in other parts of the globe and in view of the potential influence of zinc on its growth, this plant was chosen as the model system. Peanut seeds were separately treated with different concentrations of nanoscale zinc oxide (ZnO) and chelated bulk zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) suspensions (a common zinc supplement), respectively and the effect this treatment had on seed germination, seedling vigor, plant growth, flowering, chlorophyll content, pod yield and root growth were studied. Treatment of nanoscale ZnO (25 nm mean particle size) at 1000 ppm concentration promoted both seed germination and seedling vigor and in turn showed early establishment in soil manifested by early flowering and higher leaf chlorophyll content. These particles proved effective in increasing stem and root growth. Pod yield per plant was 34% higher compared to chelated bulk ZnSO4. Consequently, a field experiment was conducted during Rabi seasons of 2008–2009 and 2009–2010 with the foliar application of nanoscale ZnO particles at 15 times lower dose compared to the chelated ZnSO4 recommended and we recorded 29.5% and 26.3% higher pod yield, respectively, compared to chelated ZnSO4. The inhibitory effect with higher nanoparticle concentration (2000 ppm) reveals the need for judicious usage of these particles in such applications. This is the first report on the effect of nanoscale particles on peanut growth and yield.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoscale ZnO at 1000 ppm promoted peanut seed germination and seedling vigor.
- Taxon
- PEANUT
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- nanoscale ZnO (25 nm mean particle size) at 1000 ppm concentratione0
- Outcome
- seed germination and seedling vigore0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of nanoscale ZnO (25 nm mean particle size) at 1000 ppm concentration promoted both seed germination and seedling vigor”
t0“PEANUT”
Claim · model-written summary
The same ZnO treatment advanced peanut flowering.
- Taxon
- PEANUTArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- nanoscale ZnO (25 nm mean particle size) at 1000 ppm concentratione0
- Outcome
- floweringe0
- Direction
- earlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of nanoscale ZnO (25 nm mean particle size) at 1000 ppm concentration promoted both seed germination and seedling vigor and in turn showed early establishment in soil manifested by early flowering”
t0“PEANUT”
Claim · model-written summary
The same ZnO treatment increased peanut leaf chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- PEANUTArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- nanoscale ZnO (25 nm mean particle size) at 1000 ppm concentratione0
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of nanoscale ZnO (25 nm mean particle size) at 1000 ppm concentration promoted both seed germination and seedling vigor and in turn showed early establishment in soil manifested by early flowering and higher leaf chlorophyll content”
t0“PEANUT”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoscale ZnO particles increased peanut stem and root growth.
- Taxon
- PEANUTArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- nanoscale ZnO (25 nm mean particle size) at 1000 ppm concentratione1
- Outcome
- stem and root growthe0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These particles proved effective in increasing stem and root growth.”
e1“Treatment of nanoscale ZnO (25 nm mean particle size) at 1000 ppm concentration”
t0“PEANUT”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut pod yield per plant was 34% higher with ZnO particles than chelated bulk ZnSO4.
- Taxon
- PEANUTArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- nanoscale ZnO (25 nm mean particle size) at 1000 ppm concentratione1
- Outcome
- Pod yield per plante0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 34%e0
- Comparator
- chelated bulk ZnSO4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pod yield per plant was 34% higher compared to chelated bulk ZnSO4.”
e1“Treatment of nanoscale ZnO (25 nm mean particle size) at 1000 ppm concentration”
t0“PEANUT”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar ZnO at a 15 times lower dose gave 29.5% higher pod yield in 2008–2009 than chelated ZnSO4.
- Taxon
- PEANUTArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- foliar application of nanoscale ZnO particles at 15 times lower dosee0
- Outcome
- pod yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 29.5%e0
- Qualifier
- 2008–2009e1
- Comparator
- chelated ZnSO4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of nanoscale ZnO particles at 15 times lower dose compared to the chelated ZnSO4 recommended and we recorded 29.5% and 26.3% higher pod yield, respectively, compared to chelated ZnSO4”
e1“Rabi seasons of 2008–2009 and 2009–2010”
t0“PEANUT”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar ZnO at a 15 times lower dose gave 26.3% higher pod yield in 2009–2010 than chelated ZnSO4.
- Taxon
- PEANUTArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- foliar application of nanoscale ZnO particles at 15 times lower dosee0
- Outcome
- pod yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 26.3%e0
- Qualifier
- 2009–2010e1
- Comparator
- chelated ZnSO4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of nanoscale ZnO particles at 15 times lower dose compared to the chelated ZnSO4 recommended and we recorded 29.5% and 26.3% higher pod yield, respectively, compared to chelated ZnSO4”
e1“Rabi seasons of 2008–2009 and 2009–2010”
t0“PEANUT”
Claim · model-written summary
A higher nanoparticle concentration of 2000 ppm had an inhibitory effect.
- Taxon
- PEANUTArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- higher nanoparticle concentration (2000 ppm)e0
- Outcome
- inhibitory effecte0
- Direction
- inhibitorye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inhibitory effect with higher nanoparticle concentration (2000 ppm)”
t0“PEANUT”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors advise judicious use of nanoscale particles.
- Taxon
- PEANUTArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- judicious usage of these particles in such applicationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reveals the need for judicious usage of these particles in such applications.”
t0“PEANUT”
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