Abstract
Reducing nitrogen (N) application is an effective strategy for enhancing N use efficiency and promoting the N-fixing capacity of peanut root nodules. Given the considerable variation in nodulation traits among peanut cultivars, this study aimed to compare N absorption and utilization between common nodulating variety (CNV) and non-nodulating variety (NNV). A two-year field experiment was conducted across three locations in Shandong, China, to evaluate the responses of CNV and NNV to N fertilizer application rates of 120, 60, and 0 kg hm-2, focusing on N accumulation, N use efficiency, yield, and quality. The results showed that reduced N fertilization significantly decreased N content, N accumulation, yield, and kernel protein content in NNV. Compared with the N120 treatment, the N60 treatment resulted in average reductions of 18.98% in whole-plant N accumulation, 17.30% in yield, and 10.69% in kernel protein content, while the N0 treatment caused average reductions of 25.13%, 13.97%, and 11.40%, respectively. In contrast, CNV maintained relatively stable N accumulation, yield, and kernel protein content across all N levels. Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between N accumulation in various plant organs and both yield and kernel protein content in NNV, whereas no such correlations were observed in CNV. These findings demonstrate that NNV is more sensitive to N fertilizer in terms of yield, quality, and N accumulation than CNV. Therefore, appropriately reducing N fertilizer input in peanut cultivation may enhance the utilization of biological N fixation by root nodules, thereby improving overall N use efficiency.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced N fertilization significantly decreased N content, N accumulation and yield in the non-nodulating variety.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Material
- NNVe1
- Treatment
- reduced N fertilizatione1
- Outcome
- N content, N accumulation, yielde1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
t0“peanut varieties”
e1“The results showed that reduced N fertilization significantly decreased N content, N accumulation, yield, and kernel protein content in NNV”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced N fertilization significantly decreased kernel protein content in the non-nodulating variety.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Material
- NNVe1
- Treatment
- reduced N fertilizatione1
- Outcome
- kernel protein contente1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
t0“peanut varieties”
e1“The results showed that reduced N fertilization significantly decreased N content, N accumulation, yield, and kernel protein content in NNV”
Claim · model-written summary
The N60 rate reduced whole-plant N accumulation by 18.98% relative to N120.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- N60e2
- Outcome
- whole-plant N accumulatione2
- Direction
- reductionse2
- Value
- 18.98%e2
- Comparator
- N120 treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
t0“peanut varieties”
e2“Compared with the N120 treatment, the N60 treatment resulted in average reductions of 18.98% in whole-plant N accumulation, 17.30% in yield, and 10.69% in kernel protein content, while the N0 treatment caused average reductions of 25.13%, 13.97%, and 11.40%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The N60 rate reduced yield by 17.30% relative to N120.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- N60e2
- Outcome
- yielde2
- Direction
- reductionse2
- Value
- 17.30%e2
- Comparator
- N120 treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
t0“peanut varieties”
e2“Compared with the N120 treatment, the N60 treatment resulted in average reductions of 18.98% in whole-plant N accumulation, 17.30% in yield, and 10.69% in kernel protein content, while the N0 treatment caused average reductions of 25.13%, 13.97%, and 11.40%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The N60 rate reduced kernel protein content by 10.69% relative to N120.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- N60e2
- Outcome
- kernel protein contente2
- Direction
- reductionse2
- Value
- 10.69%e2
- Comparator
- N120 treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
t0“peanut varieties”
e2“Compared with the N120 treatment, the N60 treatment resulted in average reductions of 18.98% in whole-plant N accumulation, 17.30% in yield, and 10.69% in kernel protein content, while the N0 treatment caused average reductions of 25.13%, 13.97%, and 11.40%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The N0 treatment reduced whole-plant N accumulation by 25.13% relative to N120.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- N0 treatmente2
- Outcome
- whole-plant N accumulatione2
- Direction
- reductionse2
- Value
- 25.13%e2
- Comparator
- N120 treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
t0“peanut varieties”
e2“Compared with the N120 treatment, the N60 treatment resulted in average reductions of 18.98% in whole-plant N accumulation, 17.30% in yield, and 10.69% in kernel protein content, while the N0 treatment caused average reductions of 25.13%, 13.97%, and 11.40%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The N0 treatment reduced yield by 13.97% relative to N120.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- N0 treatmente2
- Outcome
- yielde2
- Direction
- reductionse2
- Value
- 13.97%e2
- Comparator
- N120 treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
t0“peanut varieties”
e2“Compared with the N120 treatment, the N60 treatment resulted in average reductions of 18.98% in whole-plant N accumulation, 17.30% in yield, and 10.69% in kernel protein content, while the N0 treatment caused average reductions of 25.13%, 13.97%, and 11.40%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The N0 treatment reduced kernel protein content by 11.40% relative to N120.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- N0 treatmente2
- Outcome
- kernel protein contente2
- Direction
- reductionse2
- Value
- 11.40%e2
- Comparator
- N120 treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
t0“peanut varieties”
e2“Compared with the N120 treatment, the N60 treatment resulted in average reductions of 18.98% in whole-plant N accumulation, 17.30% in yield, and 10.69% in kernel protein content, while the N0 treatment caused average reductions of 25.13%, 13.97%, and 11.40%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The common nodulating variety kept N accumulation, yield and kernel protein content relatively stable across N levels.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Material
- CNVe3
- Treatment
- N levelse3
- Outcome
- N accumulation, yield, and kernel protein contente3
- Direction
- relatively stablee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
t0“peanut varieties”
e3“In contrast, CNV maintained relatively stable N accumulation, yield, and kernel protein content across all N levels”
Claim · model-written summary
In the non-nodulating variety, N accumulation in plant organs correlated positively and significantly with yield and kernel protein content.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Material
- NNVe4
- Outcome
- yield and kernel protein contente4
- Direction
- positivee4
- Qualifier
- N accumulation in various plant organse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
t0“peanut varieties”
e4“Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between N accumulation in various plant organs and both yield and kernel protein content in NNV”
Claim · model-written summary
No such correlations between N accumulation and yield or kernel protein content were observed in the common nodulating variety.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Material
- CNVe5
- Outcome
- correlationse5
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
t0“peanut varieties”
e5“whereas no such correlations were observed in CNV”
Claim · model-written summary
The non-nodulating variety is more sensitive to N fertilizer than the common nodulating variety in yield, quality and N accumulation.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Material
- NNVe6
- Treatment
- N fertilizere6
- Outcome
- yield, quality, and N accumulatione6
- Direction
- more sensitivee6
- Comparator
- CNVe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
t0“peanut varieties”
e6“These findings demonstrate that NNV is more sensitive to N fertilizer in terms of yield, quality, and N accumulation than CNV”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest that reducing N fertilizer input in peanut cultivation may enhance the utilization of biological N fixation by root nodules.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeae7 - Outcome
- utilization of biological N fixatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
t0“peanut varieties”
e7“Therefore, appropriately reducing N fertilizer input in peanut cultivation may enhance the utilization of biological N fixation by root nodules”
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