Abstract
The research study entitled “effect of pre harvest application of GA3 and potassium nitrate on yield and quality of peach fruit” was carried out at Horticulture Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during 2019. The plots were arranged using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors. Three replications were used in the experiment. The experiment was conducted on already established peach orchard of almost 14 years old trees of Early Grande cultivar. The uniform size trees were selected and tagged for the experiment. The plants were managed under uniform cultural practices. The selected plants of peach cv. Early Grande were sprayed with various concentrations of Gibberellic acid (GA3) (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 ppm) and potassium nitrate (KNO3) (0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm) at berry stage. Peach plants were sprayed with GA3 and KNO3 and compared with control. The analysis of data showed that the foliar application of GA3 and KNO3 significantly influenced the yield and quality attributes of peach. Maximum fruit weight (111.98 g), chlorophyll content (51.00 SPAD), TSS (14.60 oBrix), fruit juice content (85.80 %), Fruit firmness (2.16 kg.cm-2), yield plant-1 (54.56 kg) and yield ha-1 (15.548 tons) were recorded in plants treated with 80 ppm of GA3. In case of KNO3 Maximum fruit weight (101.20 g), chlorophyll content (49.46 SPAD), TSS (13.38 oBrix), fruit juice content (84.86 %), Fruit firmness (2.12 kg.cm-2), yield plant-1 (51.56 kg) and yield ha-1 (14.829 tons) were recorded in plants treated with 3000 ppm of KNO3. Minimum days to maturity (72.52) and minimum number of fruits kg-1 (9.65) were found in plants sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 while in case of KNO3 minimum days to maturity (76.92) and minimum number of fruits kg-1 (10.62) were found in plants sprayed with 3000 ppm of KNO3. Interactive effect of levels of GA3 and KNO3 was also found significant for some of the parameters. It is therefore concluded that when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
80 ppm GA3 produced maximum fruit weight of 111.98 g.
- Taxon
- peach
Prunus persicat0 - Material
- Early Grandee1
- Treatment
- 80 ppm of GA3e0
- Outcome
- fruit weighte0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 111.98 ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum fruit weight (111.98 g), chlorophyll content (51.00 SPAD), TSS (14.60 oBrix), fruit juice content (85.80 %), Fruit firmness (2.16 kg.cm-2), yield plant-1 (54.56 kg) and yield ha-1 (15.548 tons) were recorded in plants treated with 80 ppm of GA3.”
t0“PEACH”
e1“when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.”
Claim · model-written summary
80 ppm GA3 produced maximum chlorophyll content of 51.00 SPAD.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- Early Grandee1
- Treatment
- 80 ppm of GA3e0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 51.00 SPADe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum fruit weight (111.98 g), chlorophyll content (51.00 SPAD), TSS (14.60 oBrix), fruit juice content (85.80 %), Fruit firmness (2.16 kg.cm-2), yield plant-1 (54.56 kg) and yield ha-1 (15.548 tons) were recorded in plants treated with 80 ppm of GA3.”
t0“PEACH”
e1“when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.”
Claim · model-written summary
80 ppm GA3 produced maximum TSS of 14.60 oBrix.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- Early Grandee1
- Treatment
- 80 ppm of GA3e0
- Outcome
- TSSe0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 14.60 oBrixe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum fruit weight (111.98 g), chlorophyll content (51.00 SPAD), TSS (14.60 oBrix), fruit juice content (85.80 %), Fruit firmness (2.16 kg.cm-2), yield plant-1 (54.56 kg) and yield ha-1 (15.548 tons) were recorded in plants treated with 80 ppm of GA3.”
t0“PEACH”
e1“when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.”
Claim · model-written summary
80 ppm GA3 produced maximum fruit juice content of 85.80 %.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- Early Grandee1
- Treatment
- 80 ppm of GA3e0
- Outcome
- fruit juice contente0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 85.80 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum fruit weight (111.98 g), chlorophyll content (51.00 SPAD), TSS (14.60 oBrix), fruit juice content (85.80 %), Fruit firmness (2.16 kg.cm-2), yield plant-1 (54.56 kg) and yield ha-1 (15.548 tons) were recorded in plants treated with 80 ppm of GA3.”
t0“PEACH”
e1“when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.”
Claim · model-written summary
80 ppm GA3 produced maximum Fruit firmness of 2.16 kg.cm-2.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- Early Grandee1
- Treatment
- 80 ppm of GA3e0
- Outcome
- Fruit firmnesse0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 2.16 kg.cm-2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum fruit weight (111.98 g), chlorophyll content (51.00 SPAD), TSS (14.60 oBrix), fruit juice content (85.80 %), Fruit firmness (2.16 kg.cm-2), yield plant-1 (54.56 kg) and yield ha-1 (15.548 tons) were recorded in plants treated with 80 ppm of GA3.”
t0“PEACH”
e1“when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.”
Claim · model-written summary
80 ppm GA3 produced maximum yield plant-1 of 54.56 kg.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- Early Grandee1
- Treatment
- 80 ppm of GA3e0
- Outcome
- yield plant-1e0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 54.56 kge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum fruit weight (111.98 g), chlorophyll content (51.00 SPAD), TSS (14.60 oBrix), fruit juice content (85.80 %), Fruit firmness (2.16 kg.cm-2), yield plant-1 (54.56 kg) and yield ha-1 (15.548 tons) were recorded in plants treated with 80 ppm of GA3.”
t0“PEACH”
e1“when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.”
Claim · model-written summary
80 ppm GA3 produced maximum yield ha-1 of 15.548 tons.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- Early Grandee1
- Treatment
- 80 ppm of GA3e0
- Outcome
- yield ha-1e0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 15.548 tonse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum fruit weight (111.98 g), chlorophyll content (51.00 SPAD), TSS (14.60 oBrix), fruit juice content (85.80 %), Fruit firmness (2.16 kg.cm-2), yield plant-1 (54.56 kg) and yield ha-1 (15.548 tons) were recorded in plants treated with 80 ppm of GA3.”
t0“PEACH”
e1“when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.”
Claim · model-written summary
3000 ppm KNO3 produced maximum fruit weight of 101.20 g.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- Early Grandee1
- Treatment
- 3000 ppm of KNO3e0
- Outcome
- fruit weighte0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 101.20 ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In case of KNO3 Maximum fruit weight (101.20 g), chlorophyll content (49.46 SPAD), TSS (13.38 oBrix), fruit juice content (84.86 %), Fruit firmness (2.12 kg.cm-2), yield plant-1 (51.56 kg) and yield ha-1 (14.829 tons) were recorded in plants treated with 3000 ppm of KNO3.”
t0“PEACH”
e1“when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.”
Claim · model-written summary
3000 ppm KNO3 produced maximum chlorophyll content of 49.46 SPAD.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- Early Grandee1
- Treatment
- 3000 ppm of KNO3e0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 49.46 SPADe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In case of KNO3 Maximum fruit weight (101.20 g), chlorophyll content (49.46 SPAD), TSS (13.38 oBrix), fruit juice content (84.86 %), Fruit firmness (2.12 kg.cm-2), yield plant-1 (51.56 kg) and yield ha-1 (14.829 tons) were recorded in plants treated with 3000 ppm of KNO3.”
t0“PEACH”
e1“when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.”
Claim · model-written summary
3000 ppm KNO3 produced maximum TSS of 13.38 oBrix.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- Early Grandee1
- Treatment
- 3000 ppm of KNO3e0
- Outcome
- TSSe0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 13.38 oBrixe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In case of KNO3 Maximum fruit weight (101.20 g), chlorophyll content (49.46 SPAD), TSS (13.38 oBrix), fruit juice content (84.86 %), Fruit firmness (2.12 kg.cm-2), yield plant-1 (51.56 kg) and yield ha-1 (14.829 tons) were recorded in plants treated with 3000 ppm of KNO3.”
t0“PEACH”
e1“when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.”
Claim · model-written summary
3000 ppm KNO3 produced maximum fruit juice content of 84.86 %.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- Early Grandee1
- Treatment
- 3000 ppm of KNO3e0
- Outcome
- fruit juice contente0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 84.86 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In case of KNO3 Maximum fruit weight (101.20 g), chlorophyll content (49.46 SPAD), TSS (13.38 oBrix), fruit juice content (84.86 %), Fruit firmness (2.12 kg.cm-2), yield plant-1 (51.56 kg) and yield ha-1 (14.829 tons) were recorded in plants treated with 3000 ppm of KNO3.”
t0“PEACH”
e1“when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.”
Claim · model-written summary
3000 ppm KNO3 produced maximum Fruit firmness of 2.12 kg.cm-2.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- Early Grandee1
- Treatment
- 3000 ppm of KNO3e0
- Outcome
- Fruit firmnesse0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 2.12 kg.cm-2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In case of KNO3 Maximum fruit weight (101.20 g), chlorophyll content (49.46 SPAD), TSS (13.38 oBrix), fruit juice content (84.86 %), Fruit firmness (2.12 kg.cm-2), yield plant-1 (51.56 kg) and yield ha-1 (14.829 tons) were recorded in plants treated with 3000 ppm of KNO3.”
t0“PEACH”
e1“when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.”
Claim · model-written summary
3000 ppm KNO3 produced maximum yield plant-1 of 51.56 kg.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- Early Grandee1
- Treatment
- 3000 ppm of KNO3e0
- Outcome
- yield plant-1e0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 51.56 kge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In case of KNO3 Maximum fruit weight (101.20 g), chlorophyll content (49.46 SPAD), TSS (13.38 oBrix), fruit juice content (84.86 %), Fruit firmness (2.12 kg.cm-2), yield plant-1 (51.56 kg) and yield ha-1 (14.829 tons) were recorded in plants treated with 3000 ppm of KNO3.”
t0“PEACH”
e1“when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.”
Claim · model-written summary
3000 ppm KNO3 produced maximum yield ha-1 of 14.829 tons.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- Early Grandee1
- Treatment
- 3000 ppm of KNO3e0
- Outcome
- yield ha-1e0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 14.829 tonse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In case of KNO3 Maximum fruit weight (101.20 g), chlorophyll content (49.46 SPAD), TSS (13.38 oBrix), fruit juice content (84.86 %), Fruit firmness (2.12 kg.cm-2), yield plant-1 (51.56 kg) and yield ha-1 (14.829 tons) were recorded in plants treated with 3000 ppm of KNO3.”
t0“PEACH”
e1“when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.”
Claim · model-written summary
80 ppm of GA3 gave minimum days to maturity of 72.52.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- Early Grandee1
- Treatment
- 80 ppm of GA3e0
- Outcome
- days to maturitye0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 72.52e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Minimum days to maturity (72.52) and minimum number of fruits kg-1 (9.65) were found in plants sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 while in case of KNO3 minimum days to maturity (76.92) and minimum number of fruits kg-1 (10.62) were found in plants sprayed with 3000 ppm of KNO3.”
t0“PEACH”
e1“when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.”
Claim · model-written summary
80 ppm of GA3 gave minimum number of fruits kg-1 of 9.65.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- Early Grandee1
- Treatment
- 80 ppm of GA3e0
- Outcome
- number of fruits kg-1e0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 9.65e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Minimum days to maturity (72.52) and minimum number of fruits kg-1 (9.65) were found in plants sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 while in case of KNO3 minimum days to maturity (76.92) and minimum number of fruits kg-1 (10.62) were found in plants sprayed with 3000 ppm of KNO3.”
t0“PEACH”
e1“when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.”
Claim · model-written summary
3000 ppm of KNO3 gave minimum days to maturity of 76.92.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- Early Grandee1
- Treatment
- 3000 ppm of KNO3e0
- Outcome
- days to maturitye0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 76.92e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Minimum days to maturity (72.52) and minimum number of fruits kg-1 (9.65) were found in plants sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 while in case of KNO3 minimum days to maturity (76.92) and minimum number of fruits kg-1 (10.62) were found in plants sprayed with 3000 ppm of KNO3.”
t0“PEACH”
e1“when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.”
Claim · model-written summary
3000 ppm of KNO3 gave minimum number of fruits kg-1 of 10.62.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Material
- Early Grandee1
- Treatment
- 3000 ppm of KNO3e0
- Outcome
- number of fruits kg-1e0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 10.62e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Minimum days to maturity (72.52) and minimum number of fruits kg-1 (9.65) were found in plants sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 while in case of KNO3 minimum days to maturity (76.92) and minimum number of fruits kg-1 (10.62) were found in plants sprayed with 3000 ppm of KNO3.”
t0“PEACH”
e1“when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 and KNO3 levels interacted significantly for some parameters.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- levels of GA3 and KNO3e0
- Outcome
- some of the parameterse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interactive effect of levels of GA3 and KNO3 was also found significant for some of the parameters.”
t0“PEACH”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that 80 ppm GA3 and 3000 ppm KNO3 improved yield and quality of Early Grande peach.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae0
- Material
- Early Grandee0
- Treatment
- 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3e0
- Outcome
- quality as well as yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“when peach Early Grande cultivar sprayed with 80 ppm of GA3 and 3000 ppm of KNO3 the quality as well as yield of the crop were improved.”
The same questions in other papers
Gibberellic acid · quality: general · Prunus persica (peach)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
potassium nitrate · yield · Prunus persica (peach)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
Gibberellic acid · phenology · Prunus persica (peach)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
Gibberellic acid · yield · Prunus persica (peach)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →potassium nitrate · phenology · Prunus persica (peach)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
potassium nitrate · quality: sugar starch · Prunus persica (peach)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
potassium nitrate · physiology: pigments · Prunus persica (peach)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Gibberellic acid · quality: sugar starch · Prunus persica (peach)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.