Abstract
Macrophomina phaseolina is a common contaminant of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seeds but not much information has been documented about its adverse impact on seed health and germination. This study was carried out to determine the incidence of M. phaseolina on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) seeds displayed for sale in local markets, characterize the isolates and determine how the fungal presence would affect the germination and seedling growth, so as to provide information on seed handling practices and planning strategies for reducing crop loss due to the fungus. The fungus was isolated using the direct plating inoculation method and then grown for a period of 7 days on a potato dextrose agar (PDA) with temperature set at 28 oC. The DNA was extracted from pure cultures and PCR was performed using primer in pair: ITS4 and ITS5. The products got from the PCR were sequenced for identification of species on the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. Phylogenetic tree was generated based on the ITS1-2 gene sequences of the isolates. The 18 M. phaseolina isolates adopted for use in this study were all obtained from apparently healthy seeds of different varieties of groundnut sourced from local markets in Delta and Edo States, Nigeria. The experiment on germination of groundnut seeds was set up in a completely randomized design in ten replicates. The individual M. phaseolina isolates inhibited germination and seedling growth in varying degrees. The virulence of the isolates ranged from moderately pathogenic (50%) to extremely pathogenic (75%). Out of the 18 isolates, 14 were found to cause 100% mortality. The inoculated plants exhibited the disease symptoms (damping off, root rot, collar rot, necrosis, wilting and chlorosis) while the control remained healthy. Seedling emergence, number of leaves, root length, and stem girth of infected plants decreased when compared to the control.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Macrophomina phaseolina isolates inhibited groundnut germination.
- Taxon
- groundnut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- M. phaseolina isolatese0
- Interactor
- M. phaseolina
Macrophomina phaseolinae0pathogen - Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The individual M. phaseolina isolates inhibited germination and seedling growth in varying degrees.”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Macrophomina phaseolina isolates inhibited seedling growth.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- M. phaseolina isolatese0
- Interactor
- M. phaseolinaMacrophomina phaseolinae0pathogen
- Outcome
- seedling growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The individual M. phaseolina isolates inhibited germination and seedling growth in varying degrees.”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolate virulence ranged from moderately to extremely pathogenic.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Interactor
- isolatese0pathogen
- Outcome
- virulence of the isolatese0
- Value
- 50%) to extremely pathogenic (75%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The virulence of the isolates ranged from moderately pathogenic (50%) to extremely pathogenic (75%).”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Fourteen of 18 isolates caused complete mortality.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- isolatese0
- Interactor
- isolatese0pathogen
- Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Value
- 100%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Out of the 18 isolates, 14 were found to cause 100% mortality.”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated groundnut plants developed disease symptoms while controls remained healthy.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- inoculated plantse0
- Interactor
- Macrophomina phaseolinaMacrophomina phaseolinat1pathogen
- Outcome
- disease symptoms (damping off, root rot, collar rot, necrosis, wilting and chlorosis)e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inoculated plants exhibited the disease symptoms (damping off, root rot, collar rot, necrosis, wilting and chlorosis) while the control remained healthy.”
t0“groundnut”
t1“Macrophomina phaseolina”
Claim · model-written summary
Infection decreased seedling emergence, leaf number, root length and stem girth versus controls.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- infected plantse0
- Interactor
- Macrophomina phaseolinaMacrophomina phaseolinat1pathogen
- Outcome
- Seedling emergence, number of leaves, root length, and stem girthe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedling emergence, number of leaves, root length, and stem girth of infected plants decreased when compared to the control.”
t0“groundnut”
t1“Macrophomina phaseolina”
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inoculation · Macrophomina phaseolina · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
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1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.