Abstract
A two-year trial (2021 and 2022) was performed with five different fungicide and foliar fertiliser application strategies to control apple scab (Venturia inaequalis) in integrated apple orchards in Latvia. A strategy of using inorganic fungicides or combining them with synthetic fungicides was compared to a strategy of applications with only synthetic fungicides and untreated control. Furthermore, two strategies included foliar fertilisers to determine whether they may affect apple scab used alone or combined with synthetic fungicides. The timing of the fungicide applications was based on the risk forecasted by the decision support system RIMpro, and fertilisers were used at certain growth stages of the crop. The disease incidence on untreated fruits on cv. Auksis ranged from 38.3% to 59.6%, and on cv. Ligol from 99.3% to 99.5%. Strategies including synthetic fungicides were the most effective against scab on shoot leaves and fruits. The strategy using only inorganic fungicides was effective for low-inoculum orchards. Combining synthetic and inorganic fungicides provided the best apple scab control strategy on fruits, likely helping reduce the resistance selection pressure and residues of synthetic fungicides. Foliar fertilisers were insufficient to control apple scab; they would supplement existing scab fungicide programs.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Untreated Auksis fruits had scab incidence from 38.3% to 59.6%.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Material
- cv. Auksise0
- Organ / stage
- fruitse0
- Interactor
- Venturia inaequalis
Venturia inaequalist1pathogen - Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Value
- 38.3% to 59.6%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The disease incidence on untreated fruits on cv. Auksis ranged from 38.3% to 59.6%”
t0“Apple Scab”
t1“apple scab (Venturia inaequalis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Untreated Ligol fruits had scab incidence from 99.3% to 99.5%.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- cv. Ligole0
- Interactor
- Venturia inaequalisVenturia inaequalist1pathogen
- Outcome
- disease incidencee1
- Value
- 99.3% to 99.5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and on cv. Ligol from 99.3% to 99.5%.”
e1“The disease incidence on untreated fruits on cv. Auksis ranged from 38.3% to 59.6%”
t0“Apple Scab”
t1“apple scab (Venturia inaequalis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Strategies including synthetic fungicides were most effective against scab on shoot leaves and fruits.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- synthetic fungicidese0
- Interactor
- Venturia inaequalisVenturia inaequalist1pathogen
- Outcome
- scab on shoot leaves and fruitse0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Strategies including synthetic fungicides were the most effective against scab on shoot leaves and fruits.”
t0“Apple Scab”
t1“apple scab (Venturia inaequalis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inorganic fungicides alone controlled scab effectively in low-inoculum orchards.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- only inorganic fungicidese0
- Interactor
- Venturia inaequalisVenturia inaequalist1pathogen
- Outcome
- scabt1
- Direction
- effectivee0
- Qualifier
- low-inoculum orchardse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The strategy using only inorganic fungicides was effective for low-inoculum orchards.”
t0“Apple Scab”
t1“apple scab (Venturia inaequalis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combining synthetic and inorganic fungicides gave the best scab control on fruits.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- Combining synthetic and inorganic fungicidese0
- Interactor
- Venturia inaequalisVenturia inaequalist1pathogen
- Outcome
- apple scab control strategy on fruitse0
- Direction
- beste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combining synthetic and inorganic fungicides provided the best apple scab control strategy on fruits”
t1“apple scab (Venturia inaequalis)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined strategy may reduce fungicide resistance selection pressure and synthetic fungicide residues.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Combining synthetic and inorganic fungicidese0
- Outcome
- resistance selection pressure and residues of synthetic fungicidese0
- Direction
- reducee0
- Qualifier
- likelye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combining synthetic and inorganic fungicides provided the best apple scab control strategy on fruits, likely helping reduce the resistance selection pressure and residues of synthetic fungicides.”
t0“Apple Scab”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar fertilisers alone were insufficient for apple scab control.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- Foliar fertiliserse0
- Interactor
- Venturia inaequalisVenturia inaequalist1pathogen
- Outcome
- apple scabe0
- Direction
- insufficiente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar fertilisers were insufficient to control apple scab”
t1“apple scab (Venturia inaequalis)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest foliar fertilisers only as a supplement to existing scab fungicide programs.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Outcome
- supplement existing scab fungicide programse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar fertilisers were insufficient to control apple scab; they would supplement existing scab fungicide programs.”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · Venturia inaequalis · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →application · Venturia inaequalis · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →fungicide · Venturia inaequalis · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
21 papers more in this group
See all 25 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.