Abstract
One of the main reasons for the reduction of winter wheat yields in Russia, as in most major wheat-producing countries, is the massive infestation and rapid spread of annual weed species. Thus, this study was conducted during 2022 at D.N. Pryanishnikov Russian Research Institute of Agro chemistry, Russia with main objective to optimize the concentration of broad-spectrum herbicides: Lintur, VDG (659 g/kg dicamba-sodium + 41 g/kg triasulfuron), Bucephalus, KE (480g/L carfentrazone-ethyl), Camaro SE (6. 25 g/L florasulam + 300 g/L 2,4-D), Prima Forte 195 SE (180g/L 2,4-D + 10g/L aminopyralid +5g/L florasulam), and their plant growth regulator mixtures Moddus, KE (250 g/L trinexapac-ethyl) to protect winter wheat crops from weeds at Barbino (Russia). An inventory conducted on the study plot showed that the total number reached 434 pants/m2 weeds, with a total of 9 weed species namely Cirsium arvense, Cardaria draba, Galium aparine, Matricaria discoidea, Chenopodium album, Polygonum aviculare, Galeopsis tetrahit, Capsella bursa-pastoris, and Sinapis arvensis of which 73.9% are annual species with a vegetative cycle parallel to that of winter wheat. Herbicide application at 50% showed little difference in weed control efficacy (%) compared to standards and ranged from 56.0 to 100.0% depending on treatment and weed species. Both individually applied herbicides and their mixtures with Moddus and free weed control contributed to a significant increase in yield and the increase was from 12.3 to 23.7%. Yield when using the options mixture with the growth regulator Moddus was higher than the individual application of herbicides regardless of the dose. Yield at a dose of 50% was slightly higher or lower compared with the manufacturer's standard. In general, the growth regulator did not affect herbicide efficacy, but its combination with herbicides improved yield structure elements and increased yield quality of winter wheat.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
The plot contained 434 weeds per square metre across nine species.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“total number reached 434 pants/m2 weeds, with a total of 9 weed species”
Claim · model-written summary
Annual species comprised 73.9% of plot weeds.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Interactor
- annual speciese0weed
- Outcome
- annual speciese0
- Value
- 73.9%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“73.9% are annual species with a vegetative cycle parallel to that of winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Half dose herbicides produced 56.0 to 100.0% weed control depending on treatment and weed species.
- Treatment
- Herbicide application at 50%e0
- Interactor
- weed speciese0weed
- Outcome
- weed control efficacye0
- Direction
- little differencee0
- Value
- 56.0 to 100.0%e0
- Comparator
- standardse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Herbicide application at 50% showed little difference in weed control efficacy (%) compared to standards and ranged from 56.0 to 100.0% depending on treatment and weed species”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicides individually or with Moddus raised wheat yield by 12.3 to 23.7%.
- Treatment
- individually applied herbicides and their mixtures with Modduse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 12.3 to 23.7%e0
- Comparator
- free weed controle0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Both individually applied herbicides and their mixtures with Moddus and free weed control contributed to a significant increase in yield and the increase was from 12.3 to 23.7%”
Claim · model-written summary
Moddus mixtures yielded more than herbicides alone regardless of dose.
- Treatment
- mixture with the growth regulator Modduse0
- Outcome
- Yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- regardless of the dosee0
- Comparator
- individual application of herbicidese0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Yield when using the options mixture with the growth regulator Moddus was higher than the individual application of herbicides regardless of the dose”
Claim · model-written summary
Half dose yield was slightly higher or lower than the manufacturer standard.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Yield at a dose of 50% was slightly higher or lower compared with the manufacturer's standard”
Claim · model-written summary
Moddus generally did not affect herbicide efficacy.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“the growth regulator did not affect herbicide efficacy”
Claim · model-written summary
Combining Moddus with herbicides improved yield structure elements and wheat yield quality.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- combination with herbicidese0
- Outcome
- yield structure elements and increased yield qualitye0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“its combination with herbicides improved yield structure elements and increased yield quality of winter wheat”
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