Abstract
The content and proportion of sugars and acids in tomato fruit directly affect its flavor quality. Previous studies have shown that 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) could promote fruit ripening and improve its aroma quality. In order to explore the effect of ALA on sugar and acid quality during tomato fruit development, 0, 100, and 200 mg L −1 ALA solutions were sprayed on the fruit surface 10 days after pollination of the fourth inflorescence, and the regulation of ALA on sugar, acid metabolism and flavor quality of tomato fruit was analyzed. The results showed that ALA treatment could enhance the activities of acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI), and sucrose synthase (SS), reduce the activity of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), up-regulate the expression of SlAI , SlNI and SlSS , change the composition and content of sugar in tomato fruit at three stages, significantly increase the content of sugars in fruit, and promote the accumulation of sugars into flesh. Secondly, ALA treatments increased the activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPC), malic enzyme (ME), and citrate synthase (CS), up-regulated the expression of SlPPC2 , SlME1 , and SlCS , and reduced the citric acid content at maturity stage, thereby reducing the total organic acid content. In addition, ALA could also increase the number and mass fraction of volatile components in mature tomato fruits. These results indicated that exogenous application of ALA during tomato fruit development could promote the formation of fruit aroma quality and were also conducive to the formation of fruit sugar and acid quality.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
ALA enhanced acid invertase activity.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- ALAe0
- Gene
- acid invertase (AI)e0
- Outcome
- activities of acid invertase (AI)e0
- Direction
- enhancee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato fruit”
e0“ALA treatment could enhance the activities of acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI), and sucrose synthase (SS)”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA enhanced neutral invertase activity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ALAe0
- Gene
- neutral invertase (NI)e0
- Outcome
- activities of acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI)e0
- Direction
- enhancee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato fruit”
e0“ALA treatment could enhance the activities of acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI), and sucrose synthase (SS)”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA enhanced sucrose synthase activity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ALAe0
- Gene
- sucrose synthase (SS)e0
- Outcome
- activities of acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI), and sucrose synthase (SS)e0
- Direction
- enhancee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato fruit”
e0“ALA treatment could enhance the activities of acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI), and sucrose synthase (SS)”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA reduced sucrose phosphate synthase activity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ALAe1
- Gene
- sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS)e0
- Outcome
- activity of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS)e0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato fruit”
e0“reduce the activity of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS)”
e1“ALA treatment could enhance the activities of acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI), and sucrose synthase (SS)”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA upregulated SlAI, SlNI and SlSS expression.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ALAe1
- Gene
- SlAI , SlNI and SlSSe0
- Outcome
- expression of SlAI , SlNI and SlSSe0
- Direction
- up-regulatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato fruit”
e0“up-regulate the expression of SlAI , SlNI and SlSS”
e1“ALA treatment could enhance the activities of acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI), and sucrose synthase (SS)”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA changed fruit sugar composition and content at three stages.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ALAe1
- Outcome
- composition and content of sugare0
- Qualifier
- at three stagese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato fruit”
e0“change the composition and content of sugar in tomato fruit at three stages”
e1“ALA treatment could enhance the activities of acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI), and sucrose synthase (SS)”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA significantly increased fruit sugar content.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ALAe1
- Outcome
- content of sugars in fruite0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato fruit”
e0“significantly increase the content of sugars in fruit”
e1“ALA treatment could enhance the activities of acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI), and sucrose synthase (SS)”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA promoted sugar accumulation in flesh.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- fleshe0
- Treatment
- ALAe1
- Outcome
- accumulation of sugars into fleshe0
- Direction
- promotee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato fruit”
e0“promote the accumulation of sugars into flesh”
e1“ALA treatment could enhance the activities of acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI), and sucrose synthase (SS)”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA increased PEPC, ME and CS activities.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ALAe0
- Gene
- phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPC), malic enzyme (ME), and citrate synthase (CS)e0
- Outcome
- activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPC), malic enzyme (ME), and citrate synthase (CS)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato fruit”
e0“ALA treatments increased the activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPC), malic enzyme (ME), and citrate synthase (CS)”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA upregulated SlPPC2, SlME1 and SlCS expression.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ALAe1
- Gene
- SlPPC2 , SlME1 , and SlCSe0
- Outcome
- expression of SlPPC2 , SlME1 , and SlCSe0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato fruit”
e0“up-regulated the expression of SlPPC2 , SlME1 , and SlCS”
e1“ALA treatment could enhance the activities of acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI), and sucrose synthase (SS)”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA reduced citric acid content at maturity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- maturity stagee0
- Treatment
- ALAe1
- Outcome
- citric acid contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato fruit”
e0“reduced the citric acid content at maturity stage”
e1“ALA treatment could enhance the activities of acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI), and sucrose synthase (SS)”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA reduced total organic acid content.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ALAe1
- Outcome
- total organic acid contente0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato fruit”
e0“reducing the total organic acid content”
e1“ALA treatment could enhance the activities of acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI), and sucrose synthase (SS)”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA increased the number of volatile components in mature fruit.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- mature tomato fruitse0
- Treatment
- ALAe0
- Outcome
- number and mass fraction of volatile componentse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato fruit”
e0“ALA could also increase the number and mass fraction of volatile components in mature tomato fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA increased the mass fraction of volatile components in mature fruit.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- mature tomato fruitse0
- Treatment
- ALAe0
- Outcome
- mass fraction of volatile componentse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato fruit”
e0“ALA could also increase the number and mass fraction of volatile components in mature tomato fruits”
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See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.