Paper · 2023 · Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences

Rock Phosphate and Manures with Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria Increases the Growth, Yield and Phosphorus Uptake of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)

Nasir Rahim; Zaheer Yasin; Majid Mahmood Tahir; et al.

7
claims
18
verbatim quotes
4
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Phosphorus (P) is one of the most important plant nutrient for increasing soil productivity and sustainable crop production. A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of seed inoculation by phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and organic and mineral P fertilizers on growth, yield and P uptake of okra. Phosphorus was applied at the rate of 90 kg ha-1 in the form of poultry manure (PM); sheep manure (SM) and rock phosphate (RP). Nine treatments were allocated for the experiment having PM, SM and RP alone, organic manures with RP in combination, or a mix of the three with PSB. The result revealed that sole application of SM at three growth stages gave maximum root and shoot growth, which was 75 and 78% more from control respectively. It is concluded that Leaf area (36%), chlorophyll contents (62%), yield (60%) and P uptake (31%) of okra were significantly enhanced by the integrated use of PM+SM+RP+PSB at all growth stages over control. Complementary application of this inoculants with manures and RP most favored okra growth and yield and can be considered as an appropriate substitute for chemical P fertilizer in organic and sustainable agricultural system.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Sole application of sheep manure at three growth stages gave maximum root and shoot growth, 75 and 78% more than control.

Taxon
Abelmoschus esculentusAbelmoschus esculentust0
Treatment
sole application of SM at three growth stagese1
Outcome
root and shoot growthe1
Direction
maximume1
Value
75 and 78%e1
Comparator
controle1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus · TaxonKristine Paulus from New York, United States · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 118–147 · show in text ↑
e1

“sole application of SM at three growth stages gave maximum root and shoot growth, which was 75 and 78% more from control respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 618–751 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Integrated use of PM+SM+RP+PSB significantly enhanced leaf area by 36% over control.

Taxon
Abelmoschus esculentusAbelmoschus esculentust0
Treatment
integrated use of PM+SM+RP+PSBe2
Interactor
phosphorus solubilizing bacteriae0symbiont
Outcome
Leaf areae2
Direction
enhancede2
Value
36%e2
Comparator
controle2
Setting
pot experimente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus · TaxonKristine Paulus from New York, United States · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 118–147 · show in text ↑
e0

“A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of seed inoculation by phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and organic and mineral P fertilizers on growth, yield and P uptake of okra”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 125–313 · show in text ↑
e2

“Leaf area (36%), chlorophyll contents (62%), yield (60%) and P uptake (31%) of okra were significantly enhanced by the integrated use of PM+SM+RP+PSB at all growth stages over control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 774–957 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Integrated use of PM+SM+RP+PSB significantly enhanced chlorophyll contents by 62% over control.

Taxon
Abelmoschus esculentusAbelmoschus esculentust0
Treatment
integrated use of PM+SM+RP+PSBe2
Interactor
phosphorus solubilizing bacteriae0symbiont
Outcome
chlorophyll contentse2
Direction
enhancede2
Value
62%e2
Comparator
controle2
Setting
pot experimente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus · TaxonKristine Paulus from New York, United States · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 118–147 · show in text ↑
e0

“A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of seed inoculation by phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and organic and mineral P fertilizers on growth, yield and P uptake of okra”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 125–313 · show in text ↑
e2

“Leaf area (36%), chlorophyll contents (62%), yield (60%) and P uptake (31%) of okra were significantly enhanced by the integrated use of PM+SM+RP+PSB at all growth stages over control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 774–957 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Integrated use of PM+SM+RP+PSB significantly enhanced yield by 60% over control.

Taxon
Abelmoschus esculentusAbelmoschus esculentust0
Treatment
integrated use of PM+SM+RP+PSBe2
Interactor
phosphorus solubilizing bacteriae0symbiont
Outcome
yielde2
Direction
enhancede2
Value
60%e2
Comparator
controle2
Setting
pot experimente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus · TaxonKristine Paulus from New York, United States · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 118–147 · show in text ↑
e0

“A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of seed inoculation by phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and organic and mineral P fertilizers on growth, yield and P uptake of okra”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 125–313 · show in text ↑
e2

“Leaf area (36%), chlorophyll contents (62%), yield (60%) and P uptake (31%) of okra were significantly enhanced by the integrated use of PM+SM+RP+PSB at all growth stages over control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 774–957 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Integrated use of PM+SM+RP+PSB significantly enhanced P uptake by 31% over control.

Taxon
Abelmoschus esculentusAbelmoschus esculentust0
Treatment
integrated use of PM+SM+RP+PSBe2
Interactor
phosphorus solubilizing bacteriae0symbiont
Outcome
P uptakee2
Direction
enhancede2
Value
31%e2
Comparator
controle2
Setting
pot experimente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus · TaxonKristine Paulus from New York, United States · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 118–147 · show in text ↑
e0

“A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of seed inoculation by phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and organic and mineral P fertilizers on growth, yield and P uptake of okra”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 125–313 · show in text ↑
e2

“Leaf area (36%), chlorophyll contents (62%), yield (60%) and P uptake (31%) of okra were significantly enhanced by the integrated use of PM+SM+RP+PSB at all growth stages over control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 774–957 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Complementary application of this inoculant with manures and RP can be considered an appropriate substitute for chemical P fertilizer in organic and sustainable systems.

Taxon
Abelmoschus esculentusAbelmoschus esculentust0
Treatment
Complementary application of this inoculants with manures and RPe3
Outcome
appropriate substitute for chemical P fertilizere3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus · TaxonKristine Paulus from New York, United States · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 118–147 · show in text ↑
e3

“Complementary application of this inoculants with manures and RP most favored okra growth and yield and can be considered as an appropriate substitute for chemical P fertilizer in organic and sustainable agricultural system”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 959–1182 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Complementary application of this inoculant with manures and RP most favored okra growth and yield.

Taxon
Abelmoschus esculentusAbelmoschus esculentust0
Treatment
Complementary application of this inoculants with manures and RPe3
Outcome
growth and yielde3
Direction
most favorede3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus · TaxonKristine Paulus from New York, United States · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 118–147 · show in text ↑
e3

“Complementary application of this inoculants with manures and RP most favored okra growth and yield and can be considered as an appropriate substitute for chemical P fertilizer in organic and sustainable agricultural system”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 959–1182 · show in text ↑

phosphorus · yield · Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)Results differ

41 papers: 36 positive, 5 negative or no effect

35 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

37 papers more in this group

See all 41 papers →

inoculation · nutrient: content · Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)Positive and negative results

9 papers: 8 positive, 1 negative or no effect

7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

5 papers more in this group

See all 9 papers →

inoculation · physiology: pigments · Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)Positive and negative results

11 papers: 10 positive, 1 negative or no effect

9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

7 papers more in this group

See all 11 papers →

inoculation · yield · Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)Positive and negative results

52 papers: 48 positive, 4 negative or no effect

47 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

48 papers more in this group

See all 52 papers →

inoculation · growth · Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)Positive and negative results

54 papers: 46 positive, 8 negative or no effect

45 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

50 papers more in this group

See all 54 papers →

fertilization · nutrient: content · Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)Positive and negative results

67 papers: 62 positive, 5 negative or no effect

61 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

63 papers more in this group

See all 67 papers →

fertilization · growth · Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)Positive and negative results

207 papers: 190 positive, 17 negative or no effect

189 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

203 papers more in this group

See all 207 papers →

fertilization · yield · Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)Positive and negative results

373 papers: 355 positive, 18 negative or no effect

354 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. no effect

369 papers more in this group

See all 373 papers →

8 of 13 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.