Abstract
Abstract The apple tree is the most common fruit crop in the temperate climate zone. Modern intensive fruit cultivation involves the use of new, highly productive cultivars and cultivation technologies, thanks to the creation of small crown shapes with an increased number of trees per hectare. Reducing planting patterns and creating more dense plantation systems can significantly improve their yields. However, the limiting factor that can reduce tree productivity and deteriorate fruit quality is the degree of crown illumination. Ensuring even access of sunlight to all parts of the crown is the main task in the formation and pruning trees. The study aimed to determine the effect of crown pruning at BBCH 0 (winter) and BBCH 74 (early summer) and various types of crown formation on the growth activity and productivity of ‘Fuji’ and ‘Honeycrisp’ apple trees. A significant decrease (20%) in the number of newly formed shoots in the form of the French axis crown compared to the ballerina and slender spindle crowns was found. However, their length and total growth were significantly higher. The formation of the ballerina crown (with the removal of overgrown wood in the 25 cm zone on the central conductor above the lower tier of semi-cross-branched branches) contributed to a decrease in shoot length and total growth. The introduction of crown pruning in the summer also improved crown illumination – shoot length decreased by 17% and total growth by 12%. Specific productivity per bole cross-section and total shoot length was the highest in ballerina crown trees, followed by trees with a slender spindle crown, and trees pruned in winter and summer.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
French axis crowns had 20% fewer new shoots than ballerina and spindle crowns.
- Taxon
- Apple Trees
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- French axis crowne0
- Outcome
- number of newly formed shootse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Comparator
- ballerina and slender spindle crownse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A significant decrease (20%) in the number of newly formed shoots in the form of the French axis crown compared to the ballerina and slender spindle crowns was found”
t0“Apple Trees”
t1“Apple Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
French axis shoots were significantly longer.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- French axis crowne1
- Outcome
- lengthe0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, their length and total growth were significantly higher”
t0“Apple Trees”
t1“Apple Trees”
e1“A significant decrease (20%) in the number of newly formed shoots in the form of the French axis crown compared to the ballerina and slender spindle crowns was found”
Claim · model-written summary
French axis total shoot growth was significantly higher.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- French axis crowne1
- Outcome
- total growthe0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, their length and total growth were significantly higher”
t0“Apple Trees”
t1“Apple Trees”
e1“A significant decrease (20%) in the number of newly formed shoots in the form of the French axis crown compared to the ballerina and slender spindle crowns was found”
Claim · model-written summary
Ballerina crown formation decreased shoot length and total growth.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- formation of the ballerina crowne0
- Outcome
- shoot length and total growthe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The formation of the ballerina crown (with the removal of overgrown wood in the 25 cm zone on the central conductor above the lower tier of semi-cross-branched branches) contributed to a decrease in shoot length and total growth”
t0“Apple Trees”
t1“Apple Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Summer pruning improved crown illumination.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- crown pruning in the summere0
- Outcome
- crown illuminatione0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The introduction of crown pruning in the summer also improved crown illumination”
t0“Apple Trees”
t1“Apple Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Summer pruning reduced shoot length by 17%.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- pruning in the summere1
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 17%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“shoot length decreased by 17% and total growth by 12%”
t0“Apple Trees”
t1“Apple Trees”
e1“The introduction of crown pruning in the summer also improved crown illumination”
Claim · model-written summary
Summer pruning reduced total growth by 12%.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- pruning in the summere1
- Outcome
- total growthe0
- Value
- 12%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“shoot length decreased by 17% and total growth by 12%”
t0“Apple Trees”
t1“Apple Trees”
e1“The introduction of crown pruning in the summer also improved crown illumination”
Claim · model-written summary
Ballerina crowns had highest specific productivity, ahead of slender spindle.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Material
- ballerina crown treese0
- Outcome
- Specific productivity per bole cross-section and total shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- trees with a slender spindle crowne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Specific productivity per bole cross-section and total shoot length was the highest in ballerina crown trees, followed by trees with a slender spindle crown, and trees pruned in winter and summer”
t0“Apple Trees”
t1“Apple Trees”
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See all 106 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.