Abstract
Cold stress seriously inhibits plant growth and development, geographical distribution, and yield stability of plants. Cold acclimation (CA) is an important strategy for modulating cold stress, but the mechanism by which CA induces plant resistance to cold stress is still not clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of CA treatment on the cold resistance of citrus seedlings under cold stress treatment, and to use seedlings without CA treatment as the control (NA). The results revealed that CA treatment increased the content of photosynthetic pigments under cold stress, whereas cold stress greatly reduced the value of gas exchange parameters. CA treatment also promoted the activity of Rubisco and FBPase, as well as led to an upregulation of the transcription levels of photosynthetic related genes (rbcL and rbcS)，compared to the NA group without cold stress. In addition, cold stress profoundly reduced photochemical chemistry of photosystem II (PSII), especially the maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm) in PSII. Conversely, CA treatment improved the chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, thereby improving electron transfer efficiency. Moreover, under cold stress, CA treatment alleviated oxidative stress damage to cell membranes by inhibiting the concentration of H2O2 and MDA, enhancing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR), accompanied by an increase in the expression level of antioxidant enzyme genes (CuZnSOD1, CAT1, APX and GR). Additionally, CA also increased the contents of abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA) in plants under cold stress. Overall, we concluded that CA treatment suppressed the negative effects of cold stress by enhancing photosynthetic performance, antioxidant enzymes functions and plant hormones contents.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Cold acclimation increased photosynthetic pigment content under cold stress.
- Treatment
- CA treatmente0
- Outcome
- content of photosynthetic pigmentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- under cold stresse0
CitrusNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CA treatment increased the content of photosynthetic pigments under cold stress”
t0“citrus seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold stress reduced gas exchange parameters.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cold stress greatly reduced the value of gas exchange parameters”
t0“citrus seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold acclimation promoted Rubisco and FBPase activity.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CA treatment also promoted the activity of Rubisco and FBPase”
t0“citrus seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold acclimation upregulated rbcL and rbcS transcription relative to nonacclimated seedlings without cold stress.
- Treatment
- CA treatmente1
- Outcome
- transcription levels of photosynthetic related genes (rbcL and rbcS)e0
- Direction
- upregulatione0
- Comparator
- NA group without cold stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“led to an upregulation of the transcription levels of photosynthetic related genes (rbcL and rbcS)，compared to the NA group without cold stress”
t0“citrus seedlings”
e1“CA treatment also promoted the activity of Rubisco and FBPase”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold stress reduced photosystem II photochemistry, especially Fv/Fm.
- Treatment
- cold stresse0
- Outcome
- photochemical chemistry of photosystem II (PSII), especially the maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm) in PSIIe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cold stress profoundly reduced photochemical chemistry of photosystem II (PSII), especially the maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm) in PSII”
t0“citrus seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold acclimation improved chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters and electron transfer efficiency.
- Treatment
- CA treatmente0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, thereby improving electron transfer efficiencye0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CA treatment improved the chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, thereby improving electron transfer efficiency”
t0“citrus seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold acclimation reduced H2O2 and MDA under cold stress.
- Treatment
- CA treatmente0
- Outcome
- concentration of H2O2 and MDAe0
- Direction
- inhibitinge0
- Qualifier
- under cold stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under cold stress, CA treatment alleviated oxidative stress damage to cell membranes by inhibiting the concentration of H2O2 and MDA”
t0“citrus seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold acclimation enhanced SOD, CAT and APX activities.
- Treatment
- CA treatmente1
- Outcome
- activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX)e0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhancing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR)”
t0“citrus seedlings”
e1“CA treatment also promoted the activity of Rubisco and FBPase”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold acclimation enhanced GR activity.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhancing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR)”
t0“citrus seedlings”
e1“CA treatment also promoted the activity of Rubisco and FBPase”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold acclimation increased expression of CuZnSOD1, CAT1 and APX.
- Treatment
- CA treatmente1
- Outcome
- expression level of antioxidant enzyme genes (CuZnSOD1, CAT1, APX and GR)e0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in the expression level of antioxidant enzyme genes (CuZnSOD1, CAT1, APX and GR)”
t0“citrus seedlings”
e1“CA treatment also promoted the activity of Rubisco and FBPase”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold acclimation increased ABA and SA contents under cold stress.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CA also increased the contents of abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA) in plants under cold stress”
t0“citrus seedlings”
The same questions in other papers
cold · physiology: photosynthesis · CitrusPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
cold · molecular: expression · CitrusPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
cold · physiology: hormones · CitrusPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
cold · physiology: gas exchange · CitrusResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
cold · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · CitrusResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.