Abstract
Water and soil salinity were the biggest obstacles to achieving the world’s supply - demand ratio, so with the growing population there is no choice but to use salty soil and water in agriculture, and the need for environmentally friendly technologies has emerged to overcome the adverse effects. Therefore, the effect of the halotolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (HT-PGPR) with organic fertilizers and spirulina algae on the biochemical characters as chlorophyll content, NPK %, total carbohydrates, phenols, proline and antioxidant enzymes activities of pomegranate transplants (Wonderful cv.) under different irrigation water salinity levels (6000, 7000 and 8000 ppm) were investigated. Pot experiment was conducted in Horticulture Research Institute (HRI) nursery, Agriculture research center (ARC), Giza governorate, Egypt, under the greenhouse conditions using compost, halotolerant PGPR (Azotobacter chrococcum, Azospirillum lipoferum, Bacillus megaterim var. phosphaticum and Bacillus circulance) in addition to, Spirulina platensis L. algae in 2019 and 2020. Results indicated that, the organic and biofertilizers reduced soil pH and EC and increased the soil enzymatic activity under saline water condition. The leaf contents of total chlorophyll, carbohydrates, phenols, proline of transplants were increased, in addition to a significant increase in the nutritional elements NPK % in dry leaves were recorded when transplants were treated using PGPR inoculations, excluding sodium and chlorine. The highest efficiency in alleviating irrigation water salinity stress on pomegranate transplants was obtained from treatment contents compost + biofertilizers + spirulina algae with 6000 ppm salinity level compared to the chemical fertilizer treatment. The results of the study indicated that organic fertilizers with halotolerant PGPR inoculations can alleviate the deleterious effects of salt stress conditions and improve the tolerance and healthy growth of pomegranate transplant under salt water irrigation.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Organic and biofertilizers reduced soil pH under saline water.
- Taxon
- Pomegranate
Punica granatumt0 - Treatment
- organic and biofertilizerse0
- Outcome
- soil pHe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- saline water conditione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results indicated that, the organic and biofertilizers reduced soil pH and EC and increased the soil enzymatic activity under saline water condition.”
t0“Wonderful cv. Pomegranate Transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic and biofertilizers reduced EC under saline water.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- organic and biofertilizerse0
- Outcome
- ECe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- saline water conditione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results indicated that, the organic and biofertilizers reduced soil pH and EC and increased the soil enzymatic activity under saline water condition.”
t0“Wonderful cv. Pomegranate Transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic and biofertilizers increased soil enzymatic activity under saline water.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- organic and biofertilizerse0
- Outcome
- soil enzymatic activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- saline water conditione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results indicated that, the organic and biofertilizers reduced soil pH and EC and increased the soil enzymatic activity under saline water condition.”
t0“Wonderful cv. Pomegranate Transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR inoculations increased leaf total chlorophyll in pomegranate transplants.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- PGPR inoculationse0
- Interactor
- Azotobacter chrococcume1symbiont
- Outcome
- total chlorophylle0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- excluding sodium and chlorinee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The leaf contents of total chlorophyll, carbohydrates, phenols, proline of transplants were increased, in addition to a significant increase in the nutritional elements NPK % in dry leaves were recorded when transplants were treated using PGPR inoculations, excluding sodium and chlorine.”
e1“halotolerant PGPR (Azotobacter chrococcum, Azospirillum lipoferum, Bacillus megaterim var. phosphaticum and Bacillus circulance)”
t0“Wonderful cv. Pomegranate Transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR inoculations increased leaf carbohydrates in pomegranate transplants.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- PGPR inoculationse0
- Interactor
- Azotobacter chrococcume1symbiont
- Outcome
- carbohydratese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- excluding sodium and chlorinee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The leaf contents of total chlorophyll, carbohydrates, phenols, proline of transplants were increased, in addition to a significant increase in the nutritional elements NPK % in dry leaves were recorded when transplants were treated using PGPR inoculations, excluding sodium and chlorine.”
e1“halotolerant PGPR (Azotobacter chrococcum, Azospirillum lipoferum, Bacillus megaterim var. phosphaticum and Bacillus circulance)”
t0“Wonderful cv. Pomegranate Transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR inoculations increased leaf phenols in pomegranate transplants.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- PGPR inoculationse0
- Interactor
- Azotobacter chrococcume1symbiont
- Outcome
- phenolse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- excluding sodium and chlorinee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The leaf contents of total chlorophyll, carbohydrates, phenols, proline of transplants were increased, in addition to a significant increase in the nutritional elements NPK % in dry leaves were recorded when transplants were treated using PGPR inoculations, excluding sodium and chlorine.”
e1“halotolerant PGPR (Azotobacter chrococcum, Azospirillum lipoferum, Bacillus megaterim var. phosphaticum and Bacillus circulance)”
t0“Wonderful cv. Pomegranate Transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR inoculations increased leaf proline in pomegranate transplants.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- PGPR inoculationse0
- Interactor
- Azotobacter chrococcume1symbiont
- Outcome
- prolinee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- excluding sodium and chlorinee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The leaf contents of total chlorophyll, carbohydrates, phenols, proline of transplants were increased, in addition to a significant increase in the nutritional elements NPK % in dry leaves were recorded when transplants were treated using PGPR inoculations, excluding sodium and chlorine.”
e1“halotolerant PGPR (Azotobacter chrococcum, Azospirillum lipoferum, Bacillus megaterim var. phosphaticum and Bacillus circulance)”
t0“Wonderful cv. Pomegranate Transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR inoculations increased leaf NPK % in pomegranate transplants.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- PGPR inoculationse0
- Interactor
- Azotobacter chrococcume1symbiont
- Outcome
- NPK %e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- excluding sodium and chlorinee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The leaf contents of total chlorophyll, carbohydrates, phenols, proline of transplants were increased, in addition to a significant increase in the nutritional elements NPK % in dry leaves were recorded when transplants were treated using PGPR inoculations, excluding sodium and chlorine.”
e1“halotolerant PGPR (Azotobacter chrococcum, Azospirillum lipoferum, Bacillus megaterim var. phosphaticum and Bacillus circulance)”
t0“Wonderful cv. Pomegranate Transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost, biofertilizers and spirulina algae at 6000 ppm salinity had the highest salinity stress alleviation efficiency compared with chemical fertilizer.
Verbatim
e0“The highest efficiency in alleviating irrigation water salinity stress on pomegranate transplants was obtained from treatment contents compost + biofertilizers + spirulina algae with 6000 ppm salinity level compared to the chemical fertilizer treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizers with halotolerant PGPR inoculations can improve pomegranate transplant tolerance under salt water irrigation.
- Taxon
- pomegranate transplante0
- Treatment
- organic fertilizers with halotolerant PGPR inoculationse0
- Outcome
- tolerancee0
- Direction
- improvee0
- Qualifier
- under salt water irrigatione0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The results of the study indicated that organic fertilizers with halotolerant PGPR inoculations can alleviate the deleterious effects of salt stress conditions and improve the tolerance and healthy growth of pomegranate transplant under salt water irrigation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizers with halotolerant PGPR inoculations can improve pomegranate transplant healthy growth under salt water irrigation.
- Taxon
- pomegranate transplante0
- Treatment
- organic fertilizers with halotolerant PGPR inoculationse0
- Outcome
- healthy growthe0
- Direction
- improvee0
- Qualifier
- under salt water irrigatione0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The results of the study indicated that organic fertilizers with halotolerant PGPR inoculations can alleviate the deleterious effects of salt stress conditions and improve the tolerance and healthy growth of pomegranate transplant under salt water irrigation.”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · soil: chemistry · Punica granatum (pomegranate)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
inoculation · physiology: pigments · Punica granatum (pomegranate)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
inoculation · quality: sugar starch · Punica granatum (pomegranate)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
inoculation · quality: phytochemicals · Punica granatum (pomegranate)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.