Abstract
Abstract To study the influence mechanism of micro-nano oxygenated irrigation (MNOI) on greenhouse fruit cucumber in arid and semi-arid cold regions, the yield and quality of greenhouse fruit cucumber were evaluated and verified based on 2 years of observation data. Taking fruit cucumber in Ningxia solar greenhouse as the research object, three dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of MNOI (DO; 6, 7.5, and 9 mg L −1 , O1, O2, and O3, respectively) and non-oxygenated irrigation (CK, 4 mg L −1 ) were set up as the control treatment. Through comparative design, the influence mechanism of different levels of aerobic irrigation on the yield and quality of greenhouse fruit cucumber was studied. The main indicators of fruit cucumber yield and quality increased with dissolved oxygen in irrigation water from 4 to 9 mg L −1 . In spring–summer (autumn–winter), compared with CK, the leaf area index (LAI) and net photosynthetic rate (A) increased by 28.83% (28.77%) and 44.90% (35.00%), respectively, and Vitamin C, soluble protein, soluble sugar, soluble solids and total acid content increased by 100.00% (51.88%), 37.78% (61.11%), 34.17% (54.17%), 37.07% (78.72%) and 26.92% (30.67%) respectively, while nitrate content decreased by 44.88% (51.15%), and dry matter accumulation (DMA), soil respiration rate (SRR), microbial carbon (MC), and microbial nitrogen (MN) increased by 49.81% (127.25%), 55.22% (110.34%), 117.50% (90.91%) and 70.37% (74.42%) respectively, and yield, irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and soil oxygen content (SO) increased by 22.47% (28.04%), 22.39% (28.05%) and 33.21% (35.33%) respectively. A model of DO in irrigation water and SO was established and the applicability of the model was verified with an average relative error of 2% (less than 5%). MNOI increased SO and soil enzyme activity, enriched soil microorganisms, improved soil microenvironment, promoted water nutrient uptake and growth of root system, increased chlorophyll, photosynthesis and DMA, which improved fruit cucumber yield and quality, and the better DO concentration in irrigation water is 9 mg L −1 . The research results provide theoretical support for regulating soil water, fertilizer and air environment, and at the same time, provide feasible ways to improve the quality and efficiency of crops in arid and semi-arid cold regions.
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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing dissolved oxygen in irrigation water raised the main cucumber yield and quality indicators.
Verbatim
e0“The main indicators of fruit cucumber yield and quality increased with dissolved oxygen in irrigation water from 4 to 9 mg L −1 .”
t0“Micro-nano oxygenated irrigation improves the yield and quality of greenhouse cucumbers under-film drip irrigation”
e1“Taking fruit cucumber in Ningxia solar greenhouse as the research object, three dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of MNOI (DO; 6, 7.5, and 9 mg L −1 , O1, O2, and O3, respectively) and non-oxygenated irrigation (CK, 4 mg L −1 ) were set up as the control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber leaf area index rose by 28.83% in spring–summer and 28.77% in autumn–winter relative to CK.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse0t0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the leaf area index (LAI) and net photosynthetic rate (A) increased by 28.83% (28.77%) and 44.90% (35.00%), respectively”
t0“Micro-nano oxygenated irrigation improves the yield and quality of greenhouse cucumbers under-film drip irrigation”
e1“Taking fruit cucumber in Ningxia solar greenhouse as the research object, three dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of MNOI (DO; 6, 7.5, and 9 mg L −1 , O1, O2, and O3, respectively) and non-oxygenated irrigation (CK, 4 mg L −1 ) were set up as the control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber net photosynthetic rate increased by 44.90% and 35.00% in the respective seasons.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0t0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the leaf area index (LAI) and net photosynthetic rate (A) increased by 28.83% (28.77%) and 44.90% (35.00%), respectively”
t0“Micro-nano oxygenated irrigation improves the yield and quality of greenhouse cucumbers under-film drip irrigation”
e1“Taking fruit cucumber in Ningxia solar greenhouse as the research object, three dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of MNOI (DO; 6, 7.5, and 9 mg L −1 , O1, O2, and O3, respectively) and non-oxygenated irrigation (CK, 4 mg L −1 ) were set up as the control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber vitamin C content increased by 100.00% and 51.88% in the respective seasons.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0t0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vitamin C, soluble protein, soluble sugar, soluble solids and total acid content increased by 100.00% (51.88%), 37.78% (61.11%), 34.17% (54.17%), 37.07% (78.72%) and 26.92% (30.67%) respectively”
t0“Micro-nano oxygenated irrigation improves the yield and quality of greenhouse cucumbers under-film drip irrigation”
e1“Taking fruit cucumber in Ningxia solar greenhouse as the research object, three dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of MNOI (DO; 6, 7.5, and 9 mg L −1 , O1, O2, and O3, respectively) and non-oxygenated irrigation (CK, 4 mg L −1 ) were set up as the control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber soluble protein increased by 37.78% and 61.11%.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0t0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soluble protein, soluble sugar, soluble solids and total acid content increased by 100.00% (51.88%), 37.78% (61.11%), 34.17% (54.17%), 37.07% (78.72%) and 26.92% (30.67%) respectively”
t0“Micro-nano oxygenated irrigation improves the yield and quality of greenhouse cucumbers under-film drip irrigation”
e1“Taking fruit cucumber in Ningxia solar greenhouse as the research object, three dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of MNOI (DO; 6, 7.5, and 9 mg L −1 , O1, O2, and O3, respectively) and non-oxygenated irrigation (CK, 4 mg L −1 ) were set up as the control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber soluble sugar increased by 34.17% and 54.17%.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0t0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soluble sugar, soluble solids and total acid content increased by 100.00% (51.88%), 37.78% (61.11%), 34.17% (54.17%), 37.07% (78.72%) and 26.92% (30.67%) respectively”
t0“Micro-nano oxygenated irrigation improves the yield and quality of greenhouse cucumbers under-film drip irrigation”
e1“Taking fruit cucumber in Ningxia solar greenhouse as the research object, three dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of MNOI (DO; 6, 7.5, and 9 mg L −1 , O1, O2, and O3, respectively) and non-oxygenated irrigation (CK, 4 mg L −1 ) were set up as the control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber soluble solids increased by 37.07% and 78.72%.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0t0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soluble solids and total acid content increased by 100.00% (51.88%), 37.78% (61.11%), 34.17% (54.17%), 37.07% (78.72%) and 26.92% (30.67%) respectively”
t0“Micro-nano oxygenated irrigation improves the yield and quality of greenhouse cucumbers under-film drip irrigation”
e1“Taking fruit cucumber in Ningxia solar greenhouse as the research object, three dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of MNOI (DO; 6, 7.5, and 9 mg L −1 , O1, O2, and O3, respectively) and non-oxygenated irrigation (CK, 4 mg L −1 ) were set up as the control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber total acid content increased by 26.92% and 30.67%.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0t0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total acid content increased by 100.00% (51.88%), 37.78% (61.11%), 34.17% (54.17%), 37.07% (78.72%) and 26.92% (30.67%) respectively”
t0“Micro-nano oxygenated irrigation improves the yield and quality of greenhouse cucumbers under-film drip irrigation”
e1“Taking fruit cucumber in Ningxia solar greenhouse as the research object, three dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of MNOI (DO; 6, 7.5, and 9 mg L −1 , O1, O2, and O3, respectively) and non-oxygenated irrigation (CK, 4 mg L −1 ) were set up as the control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber nitrate content fell by 44.88% and 51.15%.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0t0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nitrate content decreased by 44.88% (51.15%)”
t0“Micro-nano oxygenated irrigation improves the yield and quality of greenhouse cucumbers under-film drip irrigation”
e1“Taking fruit cucumber in Ningxia solar greenhouse as the research object, three dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of MNOI (DO; 6, 7.5, and 9 mg L −1 , O1, O2, and O3, respectively) and non-oxygenated irrigation (CK, 4 mg L −1 ) were set up as the control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber dry matter accumulation increased by 49.81% and 127.25%.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0t0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter accumulation (DMA), soil respiration rate (SRR), microbial carbon (MC), and microbial nitrogen (MN) increased by 49.81% (127.25%), 55.22% (110.34%), 117.50% (90.91%) and 70.37% (74.42%) respectively”
t0“Micro-nano oxygenated irrigation improves the yield and quality of greenhouse cucumbers under-film drip irrigation”
e1“Taking fruit cucumber in Ningxia solar greenhouse as the research object, three dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of MNOI (DO; 6, 7.5, and 9 mg L −1 , O1, O2, and O3, respectively) and non-oxygenated irrigation (CK, 4 mg L −1 ) were set up as the control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil respiration rate increased by 55.22% and 110.34% under cucumber oxygenated irrigation.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0t0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil respiration rate (SRR), microbial carbon (MC), and microbial nitrogen (MN) increased by 49.81% (127.25%), 55.22% (110.34%), 117.50% (90.91%) and 70.37% (74.42%) respectively”
t0“Micro-nano oxygenated irrigation improves the yield and quality of greenhouse cucumbers under-film drip irrigation”
e1“Taking fruit cucumber in Ningxia solar greenhouse as the research object, three dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of MNOI (DO; 6, 7.5, and 9 mg L −1 , O1, O2, and O3, respectively) and non-oxygenated irrigation (CK, 4 mg L −1 ) were set up as the control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil microbial carbon increased by 117.50% and 90.91%.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0t0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“microbial carbon (MC), and microbial nitrogen (MN) increased by 49.81% (127.25%), 55.22% (110.34%), 117.50% (90.91%) and 70.37% (74.42%) respectively”
t0“Micro-nano oxygenated irrigation improves the yield and quality of greenhouse cucumbers under-film drip irrigation”
e1“Taking fruit cucumber in Ningxia solar greenhouse as the research object, three dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of MNOI (DO; 6, 7.5, and 9 mg L −1 , O1, O2, and O3, respectively) and non-oxygenated irrigation (CK, 4 mg L −1 ) were set up as the control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil microbial nitrogen increased by 70.37% and 74.42%.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0t0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“microbial nitrogen (MN) increased by 49.81% (127.25%), 55.22% (110.34%), 117.50% (90.91%) and 70.37% (74.42%) respectively”
t0“Micro-nano oxygenated irrigation improves the yield and quality of greenhouse cucumbers under-film drip irrigation”
e1“Taking fruit cucumber in Ningxia solar greenhouse as the research object, three dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of MNOI (DO; 6, 7.5, and 9 mg L −1 , O1, O2, and O3, respectively) and non-oxygenated irrigation (CK, 4 mg L −1 ) were set up as the control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber yield increased by 22.47% and 28.04%.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0t0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield, irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and soil oxygen content (SO) increased by 22.47% (28.04%), 22.39% (28.05%) and 33.21% (35.33%) respectively”
t0“Micro-nano oxygenated irrigation improves the yield and quality of greenhouse cucumbers under-film drip irrigation”
e1“Taking fruit cucumber in Ningxia solar greenhouse as the research object, three dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of MNOI (DO; 6, 7.5, and 9 mg L −1 , O1, O2, and O3, respectively) and non-oxygenated irrigation (CK, 4 mg L −1 ) were set up as the control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation water use efficiency increased by 22.39% and 28.05%.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0t0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and soil oxygen content (SO) increased by 22.47% (28.04%), 22.39% (28.05%) and 33.21% (35.33%) respectively”
t0“Micro-nano oxygenated irrigation improves the yield and quality of greenhouse cucumbers under-film drip irrigation”
e1“Taking fruit cucumber in Ningxia solar greenhouse as the research object, three dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of MNOI (DO; 6, 7.5, and 9 mg L −1 , O1, O2, and O3, respectively) and non-oxygenated irrigation (CK, 4 mg L −1 ) were set up as the control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil oxygen content increased by 33.21% and 35.33%.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0t0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil oxygen content (SO) increased by 22.47% (28.04%), 22.39% (28.05%) and 33.21% (35.33%) respectively”
t0“Micro-nano oxygenated irrigation improves the yield and quality of greenhouse cucumbers under-film drip irrigation”
e1“Taking fruit cucumber in Ningxia solar greenhouse as the research object, three dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of MNOI (DO; 6, 7.5, and 9 mg L −1 , O1, O2, and O3, respectively) and non-oxygenated irrigation (CK, 4 mg L −1 ) were set up as the control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
The dissolved oxygen–soil oxygen model had an average relative error of 2%.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0t0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A model of DO in irrigation water and SO was established and the applicability of the model was verified with an average relative error of 2% (less than 5%).”
t0“Micro-nano oxygenated irrigation improves the yield and quality of greenhouse cucumbers under-film drip irrigation”
e1“Taking fruit cucumber in Ningxia solar greenhouse as the research object, three dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of MNOI (DO; 6, 7.5, and 9 mg L −1 , O1, O2, and O3, respectively) and non-oxygenated irrigation (CK, 4 mg L −1 ) were set up as the control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors identified 9 mg L −1 as the better irrigation dissolved oxygen concentration.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0t0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the better DO concentration in irrigation water is 9 mg L −1”
t0“Micro-nano oxygenated irrigation improves the yield and quality of greenhouse cucumbers under-film drip irrigation”
e1“Taking fruit cucumber in Ningxia solar greenhouse as the research object, three dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of MNOI (DO; 6, 7.5, and 9 mg L −1 , O1, O2, and O3, respectively) and non-oxygenated irrigation (CK, 4 mg L −1 ) were set up as the control treatment.”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.