Abstract
This study highlights the regulatory function of ROS and its detoxifying enzymes during the loss and re-establishment of desiccation tolerance (DT) in PEG pretreated and untreated germinated pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds with 2 mm long radicles. Dehydration of untreated pea seedlings to initial water content (IWC; 0.11 gH2O g−1 DM) and below IWC (0.06 gH2O g−1 DM) reduced the DT to 60 and 20 %, respectively. Significant amelioration in DT was observed in PEG pretreated seedlings by ∼100 % and 70 % following dehydration at IWC and below IWC, respectively. Rendering DT in the PEG pretreated seedlings was negatively associated with an extensive reduction in superoxide (∼2.3 folds) and H2O2 (∼1.8 folds) levels compared to the untreated seedlings. Enhanced expression, levels (quantitative) and number (isoenzyme) of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in the PEG pretreated seedlings negatively correlated with the lowering ROS levels and its associated oxidative damage. It is concluded that the re-induction of increased antioxidative capacity is a key factor in the re-establishment of DT in PEG-pretreated pea seedlings. Additionally, PEG pretreatment resulted in 50 % disappearance of superoxide in the sub-apical zone (SZ) of the radicle compared to the radicle of untreated seedlings dehydrated below IWC. Further, in situ detection of superoxide accumulation in the apical zone (AZ) was NADPH-oxidase dependent but in the SZ it was independent of NADPH-oxidase. Our results showed that the osmotic stress induced the expression of antioxidative enzymes in germinated pea seeds and made them desiccation tolerant against oxidative stress caused by desiccation/drought.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Dehydration of untreated pea seedlings to IWC reduced desiccation tolerance to 60 %.
- Taxon
- pea seedlings
Lathyrus oleraceuse1 - Treatment
- to initial water content (IWC; 0.11 gH2O g−1 DM)e1
- Outcome
- DTe1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 60e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Dehydration of untreated pea seedlings to initial water content (IWC; 0.11 gH2O g−1 DM) and below IWC (0.06 gH2O g−1 DM) reduced the DT to 60 and 20 %”
Claim · model-written summary
Dehydration of untreated pea seedlings below IWC reduced desiccation tolerance to 20 %.
- Taxon
- pea seedlingsLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- below IWC (0.06 gH2O g−1 DM)e1
- Outcome
- DTe1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 20 %e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Dehydration of untreated pea seedlings to initial water content (IWC; 0.11 gH2O g−1 DM) and below IWC (0.06 gH2O g−1 DM) reduced the DT to 60 and 20 %”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG pretreatment significantly improved desiccation tolerance by about 100 % after dehydration to IWC.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- PEG pretreatede2
- Outcome
- DTe2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
- Value
- ∼100 %e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PEG pretreated and untreated germinated pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds with 2 mm long radicles”
e2“Significant amelioration in DT was observed in PEG pretreated seedlings by ∼100 % and 70 % following dehydration at IWC and below IWC, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG pretreatment significantly improved desiccation tolerance by 70 % after dehydration below IWC.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- below IWCe2
- Outcome
- DTe2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
- Value
- 70 %e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PEG pretreated and untreated germinated pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds with 2 mm long radicles”
e2“Significant amelioration in DT was observed in PEG pretreated seedlings by ∼100 % and 70 % following dehydration at IWC and below IWC, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG pretreatment reduced superoxide by about 2.3-fold compared with untreated seedlings.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- PEG pretreatede3
- Outcome
- superoxidee3
- Direction
- reductione3
- Value
- ∼2.3 foldse3
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PEG pretreated and untreated germinated pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds with 2 mm long radicles”
e3“Rendering DT in the PEG pretreated seedlings was negatively associated with an extensive reduction in superoxide (∼2.3 folds) and H2O2 (∼1.8 folds) levels compared to the untreated seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG pretreatment reduced H2O2 by about 1.8-fold compared with untreated seedlings.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- PEG pretreatede3
- Outcome
- H2O2e3
- Direction
- reductione3
- Value
- ∼1.8 foldse3
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PEG pretreated and untreated germinated pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds with 2 mm long radicles”
e3“Rendering DT in the PEG pretreated seedlings was negatively associated with an extensive reduction in superoxide (∼2.3 folds) and H2O2 (∼1.8 folds) levels compared to the untreated seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG pretreatment removed 50 % of superoxide in the sub-apical zone of the radicle compared with untreated seedlings dehydrated below IWC.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Organ / stage
- sub-apical zone (SZ) of the radiclee4
- Treatment
- PEG pretreatmente4
- Outcome
- disappearance of superoxidee4
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede4
- Value
- 50 %e4
- Comparator
- radicle of untreated seedlings dehydrated below IWCe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PEG pretreated and untreated germinated pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds with 2 mm long radicles”
e4“PEG pretreatment resulted in 50 % disappearance of superoxide in the sub-apical zone (SZ) of the radicle compared to the radicle of untreated seedlings dehydrated below IWC”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher expression and activity of SOD, CAT and APX in PEG-pretreated seedlings were negatively correlated with lowering of ROS levels.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- PEG pretreatede5
- Gene
- superoxide dismutase (SOD)e5
- Outcome
- lowering ROS levelse5
- Direction
- negatively correlatede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PEG pretreated and untreated germinated pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds with 2 mm long radicles”
e5“Enhanced expression, levels (quantitative) and number (isoenzyme) of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in the PEG pretreated seedlings negatively correlated with the lowering ROS levels and its associated oxidative damage”
Claim · model-written summary
Re-induction of increased antioxidative capacity is a key factor in the re-establishment of desiccation tolerance in PEG-pretreated pea seedlings.
- Taxon
- pea seedlingsLathyrus oleraceuse6
- Treatment
- PEG-pretreatede6
- Outcome
- re-establishment of DTe6
- Qualifier
- antioxidative capacitye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“It is concluded that the re-induction of increased antioxidative capacity is a key factor in the re-establishment of DT in PEG-pretreated pea seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic stress induced the expression of antioxidative enzymes in germinated pea seeds, making them desiccation tolerant.
- Taxon
- pea seedsLathyrus oleraceuse7
- Treatment
- osmotic stresse7
- Outcome
- expression of antioxidative enzymese7
- Direction
- inducede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Our results showed that the osmotic stress induced the expression of antioxidative enzymes in germinated pea seeds and made them desiccation tolerant against oxidative stress caused by desiccation/drought”
Claim · model-written summary
Superoxide accumulation in the apical zone of the radicle was NADPH-oxidase dependent.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Organ / stage
- apical zone (AZ)e1
- Gene
- NADPH-oxidasee1
- Outcome
- superoxide accumulation in the apical zone (AZ)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PEG pretreated and untreated germinated pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds with 2 mm long radicles”
e1“in situ detection of superoxide accumulation in the apical zone (AZ) was NADPH-oxidase dependent but in the SZ it was independent of NADPH-oxidase”
Claim · model-written summary
Superoxide accumulation in the sub-apical zone was independent of NADPH-oxidase.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Organ / stage
- SZe1
- Gene
- NADPH-oxidasee1
- Outcome
- superoxide accumulatione1
- Qualifier
- independent of NADPH-oxidasee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PEG pretreated and untreated germinated pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds with 2 mm long radicles”
e1“in situ detection of superoxide accumulation in the apical zone (AZ) was NADPH-oxidase dependent but in the SZ it was independent of NADPH-oxidase”
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