Paper · 2023 · Jurnal Agro

Pengaruh pemberian campuran mikoriza-Trichoderma sp. Dan pengurangan dosis pupuk NPK terhadap penyimpanan umbi bawang merah

Faizal Surya Wibawa; Eny Rokhminarsi; Ni Wayan Anik Leana

8
claims
15
verbatim quotes
2
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Shallot storage is very important for the availability throughout the year. The use of mixed bio-fertilizers Mycorrhiza and Trichoderma sp. combined with reduced doses of NPK fertilizer is expected to increase the shelf-life of shallot bulbs. The study used a two-factorial Completely Randomized Block Design with the first factor was mycorrhizae-Trichodermasp. biofertilizer, and second factor was reduced NPK fertilizer applied during the cultivation stage. Storage research was carried out for 60 days to determine the dosage of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp., the dose of NPK fertilizer, and the combination of doses of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp. and the best NPK fertilizer for shallot storage. The results showed that the application of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp. affected the volume, shelf-life, and color of shallot bulbs. Reducing the doses of NPK fertilizer affected the color of the tubers. The interaction between the application of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp. and reduced doses of NPK fertilizer affected weight loss, diameter, aroma, and rotten tubers damage. The best combination to reduce tuber weight loss and rotten tubers damage is by giving 15g of mycorrhiza : 15g of Trichoderma sp. and a 25% reduction in NPK fertilizer doses. The best combination to increase tuber diameter is by giving 5g mycorrhiza : 5g Trichoderma sp. and 0% reduction of NPK fertilizer doses. The best combination to increase the aroma of tubers is by giving 5g mycorrhiza : 5g Trichoderma sp. and 0% reduction of NPK fertilizer doses.ABSTRAKPenyimpanan bawang merah sangat penting untuk memenuhi ketersediaan sepanjang tahun. Penggunaan pupuk hayati campuran Mikoriza dan Trichoderma sp. yang dikombinasikan dengan pengurangan dosis pupuk NPK diharapkan mampu menambah daya simpan umbi bawang merah. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap dua faktor yaitu pupuk hayati Mikoriza-Trichoderma sp., dan pengurangan pupuk NPK yang diaplikasikan ketika tahap budidaya. Penyimpanan dilakukan selama 60 hari dengan tujuan untuk menentukan pemberian dosis pupuk mikoriza-Trichoderma sp., dosis pupuk NPK, maupun kombinasinya yang terbaik untuk penyimpanan bawang merah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aplikasi pupuk hayati mikoriza-Trichoderma sp. memengaruhi volume, umur simpan, dan warna umbi bawang merah. Pengurangan dosis pupuk NPK memengaruhi warna umbi. Interaksi antara aplikasi pupuk hayati mikoriza-Trichoderma sp. dan pengurangan dosis pupuk NPK memengaruhi susut bobot, diameter, aroma, dan kerusakan umbi busuk. Kombinasi terbaik untuk mengurangi susut bobot umbi dan kerusakan umbi busuk adalah pemberian 15g mikoriza : 15g Trichoderma sp. dan pengurangan 25% dosis pupuk NPK. Kombinasi terbaik untuk meningkatkan diameter umbi adalah pemberian 5g mikoriza : 5g Trichoderma sp. dan pengurangan 0% dosis pupuk NPK. Kombinasi terbaik untuk meningkatkan aroma umbi adalah pemberian 5g mikoriza : 5g Trichoderma sp. dan pengurangan 0% dosis pupuk NPK.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 8

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mycorrhiza–Trichoderma application affected shallot bulb volume, shelf life and color.

Treatment
application of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp.e0
Interactor
mycorrhizae0symbiont
Second interactor
Trichoderma sp.Trichodermae0symbiont
Outcome
volume, shelf-life, and color of shallot bulbse0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium cepa var. aggregatum
Allium cepa var. aggregatum · TaxonEvan-Amos · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Trichoderma
Trichoderma · Second interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Systematic Botany and Mycology Laboratory, [1] · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the application of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp. affected the volume, shelf-life, and color of shallot bulbs.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 720–826 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Reducing NPK dose affected bulb color.

Treatment
Reducing the doses of NPK fertilizere0
Outcome
color of the tuberse0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium cepa var. aggregatum
Allium cepa var. aggregatum · TaxonEvan-Amos · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Reducing the doses of NPK fertilizer affected the color of the tubers.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 827–897 · show in text ↑
e1

“The results showed that the application of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp. affected the volume, shelf-life, and color of shallot bulbs.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 696–826 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The biofertilizer and reduced NPK dose interacted in their effect on bulb weight loss, diameter and aroma.

Treatment
application of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp. and reduced doses of NPK fertilizere0
Interactor
mycorrhizae0symbiont
Second interactor
Trichoderma sp.Trichodermae0symbiont
Outcome
weight loss, diameter, aromae0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium cepa var. aggregatum
Allium cepa var. aggregatum · TaxonEvan-Amos · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Trichoderma
Trichoderma · Second interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Systematic Botany and Mycology Laboratory, [1] · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The interaction between the application of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp. and reduced doses of NPK fertilizer affected weight loss, diameter, aroma, and rotten tubers damage.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 898–1068 · show in text ↑
e1

“The results showed that the application of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp. affected the volume, shelf-life, and color of shallot bulbs.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 696–826 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The biofertilizer and reduced NPK dose interacted in their effect on rotten-bulb damage.

Treatment
application of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp. and reduced doses of NPK fertilizere0
Interactor
mycorrhizae0symbiont
Second interactor
Trichoderma sp.Trichodermae0symbiont
Outcome
rotten tubers damagee0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium cepa var. aggregatum
Allium cepa var. aggregatum · TaxonEvan-Amos · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Trichoderma
Trichoderma · Second interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Systematic Botany and Mycology Laboratory, [1] · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The interaction between the application of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp. and reduced doses of NPK fertilizer affected weight loss, diameter, aroma, and rotten tubers damage.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 898–1068 · show in text ↑
e1

“The results showed that the application of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp. affected the volume, shelf-life, and color of shallot bulbs.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 696–826 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

15g each of mycorrhiza and Trichoderma with 25% less NPK was the best combination for reducing bulb weight loss.

Treatment
15g of mycorrhiza : 15g of Trichoderma sp. and a 25% reduction in NPK fertilizer dosese0
Interactor
mycorrhizae0symbiont
Second interactor
Trichoderma sp.Trichodermae0symbiont
Outcome
tuber weight losse0
Direction
reducee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium cepa var. aggregatum
Allium cepa var. aggregatum · TaxonEvan-Amos · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Trichoderma
Trichoderma · Second interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Systematic Botany and Mycology Laboratory, [1] · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The best combination to reduce tuber weight loss and rotten tubers damage is by giving 15g of mycorrhiza : 15g of Trichoderma sp. and a 25% reduction in NPK fertilizer doses.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1069–1243 · show in text ↑
e1

“The results showed that the application of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp. affected the volume, shelf-life, and color of shallot bulbs.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 696–826 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

15g each of mycorrhiza and Trichoderma with 25% less NPK was the best combination for reducing rotten-bulb damage.

Treatment
15g of mycorrhiza : 15g of Trichoderma sp. and a 25% reduction in NPK fertilizer dosese0
Interactor
mycorrhizae0symbiont
Second interactor
Trichoderma sp.Trichodermae0symbiont
Outcome
rotten tubers damagee0
Direction
reducee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium cepa var. aggregatum
Allium cepa var. aggregatum · TaxonEvan-Amos · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Trichoderma
Trichoderma · Second interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Systematic Botany and Mycology Laboratory, [1] · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The best combination to reduce tuber weight loss and rotten tubers damage is by giving 15g of mycorrhiza : 15g of Trichoderma sp. and a 25% reduction in NPK fertilizer doses.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1069–1243 · show in text ↑
e1

“The results showed that the application of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp. affected the volume, shelf-life, and color of shallot bulbs.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 696–826 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

5g each of mycorrhiza and Trichoderma with no NPK reduction was best for increasing bulb diameter.

Treatment
5g mycorrhiza : 5g Trichoderma sp. and 0% reduction of NPK fertilizer dosese0
Interactor
mycorrhizae0symbiont
Second interactor
Trichoderma sp.Trichodermae0symbiont
Outcome
tuber diametere0
Direction
increasee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium cepa var. aggregatum
Allium cepa var. aggregatum · TaxonEvan-Amos · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Trichoderma
Trichoderma · Second interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Systematic Botany and Mycology Laboratory, [1] · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The best combination to increase tuber diameter is by giving 5g mycorrhiza : 5g Trichoderma sp. and 0% reduction of NPK fertilizer doses.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1244–1381 · show in text ↑
e1

“The results showed that the application of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp. affected the volume, shelf-life, and color of shallot bulbs.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 696–826 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

5g each of mycorrhiza and Trichoderma with no NPK reduction was best for increasing bulb aroma.

Treatment
5g mycorrhiza : 5g Trichoderma sp. and 0% reduction of NPK fertilizer dosese0
Interactor
mycorrhizae0symbiont
Second interactor
Trichoderma sp.Trichodermae0symbiont
Outcome
aroma of tuberse0
Direction
increasee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium cepa var. aggregatum
Allium cepa var. aggregatum · TaxonEvan-Amos · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Trichoderma
Trichoderma · Second interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Systematic Botany and Mycology Laboratory, [1] · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The best combination to increase the aroma of tubers is by giving 5g mycorrhiza : 5g Trichoderma sp. and 0% reduction of NPK fertilizer doses.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1382–1524 · show in text ↑
e1

“The results showed that the application of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp. affected the volume, shelf-life, and color of shallot bulbs.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 696–826 · show in text ↑

Trichoderma · yield · Allium cepa (onion)Results differ

20 papers: 17 positive, 3 negative or no effect

16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

16 papers more in this group

See all 20 papers →

Trichoderma · quality: phytochemicals · Allium cepa (onion)Positive and negative results

2 papers: 1 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
See all 2 papers →

Trichoderma · pest · Allium cepa (onion)Positive and negative results

3 papers: 2 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

mycorrhiza · pest · Allium cepa (onion)Positive and negative results

4 papers: 2 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

fertilization · pest · Allium cepa (onion)Positive and negative results

7 papers: 4 positive, 3 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

3 papers more in this group

See all 7 papers →

fertilization · quality: phytochemicals · Allium cepa (onion)Positive and negative results

28 papers: 27 positive, 1 negative or no effect

26 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

24 papers more in this group

See all 28 papers →

mycorrhiza · yield · Allium cepa (onion)Positive and negative results

38 papers: 32 positive, 6 negative or no effect

31 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

34 papers more in this group

See all 38 papers →

fertilization · quality: postharvest · Allium cepa (onion)Positive and negative results

69 papers: 53 positive, 16 negative or no effect

52 papers in the same direction as this paper · 15 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

65 papers more in this group

See all 69 papers →

8 of 11 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.