Paper · 2000 · Madras Agricultural Journal

Effect of organic manure, biofertilizers, inorganic nitrogen and zinc on growth and yield of rabi rice (Oryza sativa L.)

SHANMUGAM ANDN P.M; VEERAPUTHIRAN R

7
claims
14
verbatim quotes
9
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted during rabi 1995-96 and 1996-97 to study the effect of organic and inorganic nitrogen with zinc on growth and yield of rice. The study revealed that application of either green manure (Sesbania aculeata at 6.25 t ha-1 or FYM 12.5 t ha-1 combined with Azospirillum (2 kg ha-1) significantly increased the growth attributes than the combined application of Azolla (I t ha-1). Among the levels of N (112.5, 150 and 187.5 kg ha) with or without 25 kg ZnSO4 ha, combined application of 187.5 kg N ha-1+ 25 kg ZnSO4 ha though recorded significantly the higher growth attributes it was comparable with 150 kg N ha-1+25 kg ZnSO, ha-1. Application of GM with Azospirillum recorded significantly shorter period for 50 per cent flowering, highest number of productive tillers m², filled grains per panicle, panicle length and grain yield (5282 and 5218 kg ha-1) in both the years. Eventhough the highest level of N (187.5 kg har-1) along with Zn application recorded significantly higher yield attributes and yield (5516 and 5376 kg ha-1) it was comparable with 150 kg N ha-1 with Zn.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Green manure with Azospirillum significantly increased rice growth attributes relative to Azolla application.

Treatment
green manure (Sesbania aculeata at 6.25 t ha-1 or FYM 12.5 t ha-1 combined with Azospirillum (2 kg ha-1)e0
Interactor
AzospirillumAzospirillume0symbiont
Outcome
growth attributese0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
combined application of Azolla (I t ha-1)e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Azospirillum
Azospirillum · InteractorFadelblaid · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The study revealed that application of either green manure (Sesbania aculeata at 6.25 t ha-1 or FYM 12.5 t ha-1 combined with Azospirillum (2 kg ha-1) significantly increased the growth attributes than the combined application of Azolla (I t ha-1).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 158–406 · show in text ↑
t0

“rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 98–102 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The highest nitrogen plus zinc rate gave significantly higher rice growth attributes, comparable to the intermediate rate plus zinc.

Treatment
187.5 kg N ha-1+ 25 kg ZnSO4 hae0
Outcome
growth attributese0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
150 kg N ha-1+25 kg ZnSO, ha-1e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Among the levels of N (112.5, 150 and 187.5 kg ha) with or without 25 kg ZnSO4 ha, combined application of 187.5 kg N ha-1+ 25 kg ZnSO4 ha though recorded significantly the higher growth attributes it was comparable with 150 kg N ha-1+25 kg ZnSO, ha-1.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 407–659 · show in text ↑
t0

“rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 98–102 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Green manure with Azospirillum shortened time to 50 percent flowering.

Treatment
GM with Azospirillume0
Interactor
AzospirillumAzospirillume0symbiont
Outcome
period for 50 per cent floweringe0
Direction
shortere0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Azospirillum
Azospirillum · InteractorFadelblaid · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of GM with Azospirillum recorded significantly shorter period for 50 per cent flowering, highest number of productive tillers m², filled grains per panicle, panicle length and grain yield (5282 and 5218 kg ha-1) in both the years.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 660–902 · show in text ↑
t0

“rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 98–102 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Green manure with Azospirillum gave the highest productive tiller number, filled grains and panicle length.

Treatment
GM with Azospirillume0
Interactor
AzospirillumAzospirillume0symbiont
Outcome
number of productive tillers m², filled grains per panicle, panicle lengthe0
Direction
higheste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Azospirillum
Azospirillum · InteractorFadelblaid · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of GM with Azospirillum recorded significantly shorter period for 50 per cent flowering, highest number of productive tillers m², filled grains per panicle, panicle length and grain yield (5282 and 5218 kg ha-1) in both the years.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 660–902 · show in text ↑
t0

“rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 98–102 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Green manure with Azospirillum produced grain yields of 5282 and 5218 kg per hectare in the two years.

Treatment
GM with Azospirillume0
Interactor
AzospirillumAzospirillume0symbiont
Outcome
grain yielde0
Direction
higheste0
Value
5282 and 5218 kg ha-1e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Azospirillum
Azospirillum · InteractorFadelblaid · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of GM with Azospirillum recorded significantly shorter period for 50 per cent flowering, highest number of productive tillers m², filled grains per panicle, panicle length and grain yield (5282 and 5218 kg ha-1) in both the years.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 660–902 · show in text ↑
t0

“rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 98–102 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The highest nitrogen rate with zinc gave higher yield attributes than lower rates, but was comparable with 150 kg N plus zinc.

Treatment
187.5 kg har-1) along with Zn applicatione0
Outcome
yield attributese0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
150 kg N ha-1 with Zne0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Eventhough the highest level of N (187.5 kg har-1) along with Zn application recorded significantly higher yield attributes and yield (5516 and 5376 kg ha-1) it was comparable with 150 kg N ha-1 with Zn.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 903–1106 · show in text ↑
t0

“rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 98–102 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The highest nitrogen rate with zinc gave rice yield of 5516 and 5376 kg per hectare across the two years.

Treatment
187.5 kg har-1) along with Zn applicatione0
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
highere0
Value
5516 and 5376 kg ha-1e0
Comparator
150 kg N ha-1 with Zne0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Eventhough the highest level of N (187.5 kg har-1) along with Zn application recorded significantly higher yield attributes and yield (5516 and 5376 kg ha-1) it was comparable with 150 kg N ha-1 with Zn.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 903–1106 · show in text ↑
t0

“rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 98–102 · show in text ↑

Azospirillum · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ

53 papers: 52 positive, 1 negative or no effect

51 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

49 papers more in this group

See all 53 papers →

zinc atom · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ

419 papers: 389 positive, 30 negative or no effect

388 papers in the same direction as this paper · 28 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

415 papers more in this group

See all 419 papers →

Sesbania bispinosa · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

9 papers: 8 positive, 1 negative or no effect

7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

5 papers more in this group

See all 9 papers →

zinc sulfate · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

50 papers: 48 positive, 2 negative or no effect

47 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. positive

46 papers more in this group

See all 50 papers →

Azospirillum · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree

19 papers: 19 positive, 0 negative or no effect

18 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

15 papers more in this group

See all 19 papers →

transgenic · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

102 papers: 81 positive, 21 negative or no effect

80 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

98 papers more in this group

See all 102 papers →

nitrogen · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

511 papers: 402 positive, 109 negative or no effect

401 papers in the same direction as this paper · 101 in the opposite direction · 8 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

507 papers more in this group

See all 511 papers →

fertilization · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

759 papers: 670 positive, 89 negative or no effect

669 papers in the same direction as this paper · 81 in the opposite direction · 8 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

755 papers more in this group

See all 759 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.