Abstract
Chickpea is an important nodules producing pulse crop of Thal. To enhance nitrogen fixation for higher yield, the effect of bacterial strains on nodulation was evaluated for yield contributing traits of chickpea at Arid Zone Research Institute, Bhakkar, Pakistan during 2019-20. Six Rhizobium inoculations i.e. Providencia vermicola, Enterobacter cloacae, Bacillus mojavensis, Mesorhizobium ciceri-11, Mesorhizobium ciceri-1 and Bacillus subtilis were tested on two chickpea genotypes i.e. Bhakkar-2011 and Thal-2020. A consortium of six bacterial strains was applied at the time of sowing as a seed coating on a sandy soil. Results showed a significant increase in height/plant, nodulation, 100 grain weight, pods/plant and grain yield (kg/ha) due to bacterial inoculation. Nodules/plant were also increased from 44.08 to 76.16. Maximum number of nodules plant-1 were counted as 76.16 with 2.59 g fresh and 0.64 g dry weight per plant in treatment combination viz. Thal-2020 × RP08+RS14+RZ11 thus showing the specific symbiotic relationship among the genotypes and Rhizobium inoculum. In comparison to the control, the PSB, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and rhizobium inoculum results were 52 % increase in pods/ plant. The maximum number of pods/plant (116.00) and100 grain weight (27.73 g) were recorded in V1 × T1 (RP08+RS14+ RZ11). The weight of 100 grains was increased by 40% over the control. T1 had the highest 100 grain weight of 27.73 g, followed by V1 x T3 with a 100 grain weight of 26.22 g. PSB, nitrogen fixation bacteria and PSB inoculation substantially improved pulse crop 100 grain weight and yield. Thal-2020 had the highest grain yield of 3732 kg/ha, while V2 (Bhakkar-2011) had the lowest at 3516 kg/ha. Inoculation with rhizobium consortium improved grain yield by 30% (2617 to 3732 kg/ha). Hence, it was concluded that among all the treatments of Rhizobium consortium, N-fixing bacteria and PSB influenced a beneficial effect on chickpea grain yield quality and quantity.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial inoculation significantly increased chickpea height, nodulation, 100 grain weight, pods per plant and grain yield.
- Taxon
- chickpea
Cicer arietinume1 - Treatment
- bacterial inoculatione0
- Interactor
- bacteriale0symbiont
- Outcome
- height/plant, nodulation, 100 grain weight, pods/plant and grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results showed a significant increase in height/plant, nodulation, 100 grain weight, pods/plant and grain yield (kg/ha) due to bacterial inoculation.”
e1“yield contributing traits of chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial inoculation increased chickpea nodules per plant from 44.08 to 76.16.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- bacterial inoculatione2
- Interactor
- bacteriale2symbiont
- Outcome
- Nodules/plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 44.08 to 76.16e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nodules/plant were also increased from 44.08 to 76.16.”
e1“yield contributing traits of chickpea”
e2“bacterial inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Thal-2020 × RP08+RS14+RZ11 reached 76.16 nodules per plant.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume1
- Material
- Thal-2020e0
- Treatment
- RP08+RS14+RZ11e0
- Outcome
- nodules plant-1e0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 76.16e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum number of nodules plant-1 were counted as 76.16 with 2.59 g fresh and 0.64 g dry weight per plant in treatment combination viz. Thal-2020 × RP08+RS14+RZ11”
e1“yield contributing traits of chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Thal-2020 × RP08+RS14+RZ11 had 2.59 g fresh nodule weight per plant.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume1
- Material
- Thal-2020e0
- Treatment
- RP08+RS14+RZ11e0
- Outcome
- freshe0
- Value
- 2.59 ge0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum number of nodules plant-1 were counted as 76.16 with 2.59 g fresh and 0.64 g dry weight per plant in treatment combination viz. Thal-2020 × RP08+RS14+RZ11”
e1“yield contributing traits of chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Thal-2020 × RP08+RS14+RZ11 had 0.64 g dry nodule weight per plant.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume1
- Material
- Thal-2020e0
- Treatment
- RP08+RS14+RZ11e0
- Outcome
- dry weight per plante0
- Value
- 0.64 ge0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum number of nodules plant-1 were counted as 76.16 with 2.59 g fresh and 0.64 g dry weight per plant in treatment combination viz. Thal-2020 × RP08+RS14+RZ11”
e1“yield contributing traits of chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial inoculation increased chickpea pods per plant by 52% relative to control.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- PSB, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and rhizobium inoculume0
- Outcome
- pods/ plante0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 52 %e0
- Comparator
- controle0
RhizobiumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In comparison to the control, the PSB, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and rhizobium inoculum results were 52 % increase in pods/ plant.”
e1“yield contributing traits of chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
V1 × T1 produced the maximum 116.00 pods per plant.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume1
- Material
- V1e0
- Treatment
- RP08+RS14+ RZ11e0
- Outcome
- pods/plante0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 116.00e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum number of pods/plant (116.00) and100 grain weight (27.73 g) were recorded in V1 × T1 (RP08+RS14+ RZ11).”
e1“yield contributing traits of chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
V1 × T1 produced a 100 grain weight of 27.73 g.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume1
- Material
- V1e0
- Treatment
- RP08+RS14+ RZ11e0
- Outcome
- 100 grain weighte0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 27.73 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum number of pods/plant (116.00) and100 grain weight (27.73 g) were recorded in V1 × T1 (RP08+RS14+ RZ11).”
e1“yield contributing traits of chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea 100 grain weight increased by 40% over control.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- bacterial inoculatione2
- Outcome
- weight of 100 grainse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 40%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The weight of 100 grains was increased by 40% over the control.”
e1“yield contributing traits of chickpea”
e2“bacterial inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
V1 × T3 had a 100 grain weight of 26.22 g.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“V1 x T3 with a 100 grain weight of 26.22 g”
e1“yield contributing traits of chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Thal-2020 had the highest grain yield at 3732 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume1
- Material
- Thal-2020e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3732 kg/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Thal-2020 had the highest grain yield of 3732 kg/ha”
e1“yield contributing traits of chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Bhakkar-2011 had the lowest grain yield at 3516 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume2
- Material
- Bhakkar-2011e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 3516 kg/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“V2 (Bhakkar-2011) had the lowest at 3516 kg/ha”
e1“Thal-2020 had the highest grain yield of 3732 kg/ha”
e2“yield contributing traits of chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobium consortium inoculation increased chickpea grain yield by 30%, from 2617 to 3732 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- Inoculation with rhizobium consortiume0
- Interactor
- rhizobium consortiume0symbiont
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 30%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation with rhizobium consortium improved grain yield by 30% (2617 to 3732 kg/ha).”
e1“yield contributing traits of chickpea”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.