Abstract
BACKGROUND: New vegetable production systems, such as vertical farming, but also well-established in-door production methods led to the implementation of light emitting diodes (LEDs). LEDs are the most important light sources in modern indoor-production systems and offer the possibility for enhancing growth and specific metabolites in planta. Even though the number of studies investigating the effects of LED lighting on vegetable quality has increased, the knowledge about genus variability is limited. In the present study, the effect of different LED spectra on the metabolic and transcriptional level of the carotenoid metabolism in five different Brassica sprouts was investigated. Cruciferous vegetables are one of the main food crops worldwide. Pak choi (Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis), cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis), green kale (Brassica oleracea ssp. sabellica) and turnip cabbage (Brassica oleracea spp. gongylodes) sprouts were grown under a combination of blue & white LEDs, red & white LEDs or only white LEDs to elucidate the genus-specific carotenoid metabolism. RESULTS: Genus-specific changes in plant weight and on the photosynthetic pigment levels as well as transcript levels have been detected. Interestingly, the transcript levels of the three investigated carotenoid biosynthesis genes phytoene synthase (PSY), β-cyclase (βLCY) and β-carotene hydroxylase (βOHASE1) were increased under the combination of blue & white LEDs in the majority of the Brassica sprouts. However, only in pak choi, the combination of blue & white LEDs enhanced the carotenoid levels by 14% in comparison to only white LEDs and by ~ 19% in comparison to red & white LEDs. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of light quality differ within a genus which leads to the conclusion that production strategies have to be developed for individual species and cultivars to fully benefit from LED technology.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
LED spectra elicited genus-specific changes in Brassica sprout weight.
- Outcome
- plant weighte0
BrassicaNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Genus-specific changes in plant weight and on the photosynthetic pigment levels as well as transcript levels have been detected.”
e1“five different Brassica sprouts”
Claim · model-written summary
LED spectra elicited genus-specific changes in Brassica photosynthetic pigment levels.
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigment levelse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Genus-specific changes in plant weight and on the photosynthetic pigment levels as well as transcript levels have been detected.”
e1“five different Brassica sprouts”
Claim · model-written summary
LED spectra elicited genus-specific changes in Brassica transcript levels.
- Outcome
- transcript levelse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Genus-specific changes in plant weight and on the photosynthetic pigment levels as well as transcript levels have been detected.”
e1“five different Brassica sprouts”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue and white LEDs increased PSY, βLCY and βOHASE1 transcripts in most Brassica sprouts.
- Treatment
- combination of blue & white LEDse0
- Gene
- phytoene synthase (PSY), β-cyclase (βLCY) and β-carotene hydroxylase (βOHASE1)e0
- Outcome
- transcript levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- majority of the Brassica sproutse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the transcript levels of the three investigated carotenoid biosynthesis genes phytoene synthase (PSY), β-cyclase (βLCY) and β-carotene hydroxylase (βOHASE1) were increased under the combination of blue & white LEDs in the majority of the Brassica sprouts.”
Claim · model-written summary
In pak choi, blue and white LEDs enhanced carotenoid levels by 14% relative to white LEDs.
Verbatim
e0“only in pak choi, the combination of blue & white LEDs enhanced the carotenoid levels by 14% in comparison to only white LEDs and by ~ 19% in comparison to red & white LEDs.”
Claim · model-written summary
In pak choi, blue and white LEDs enhanced carotenoid levels by about 19% relative to red and white LEDs.
Verbatim
e0“only in pak choi, the combination of blue & white LEDs enhanced the carotenoid levels by 14% in comparison to only white LEDs and by ~ 19% in comparison to red & white LEDs.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend species- and cultivar-specific LED production strategies.
- Outcome
- production strategies have to be developed for individual species and cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“production strategies have to be developed for individual species and cultivars to fully benefit from LED technology.”
e1“five different Brassica sprouts”
The same questions in other papers
light · physiology: pigments · Brassica rapa (field mustard)Positive and negative results
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- negative
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See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.