Abstract
Prohexadione-calcium (Pro-Ca) has been proved to play an important role in releasing abiotic stress in plants. However, there is still a lack of research on the mechanism of Pro-Ca alleviating salt stress in rice. To explore the protective effects of Pro-Ca on rice seedlings under salt stress, we investigated the effect of exogenous Pro-Ca on rice seedling under salt stress by conducting the following three treatment experiments: CK (control), S (50 mmol·L-1 NaCl saline solution) and S + Pro-Ca (50 mmol·L-1 NaCl saline solution + 100 mg·L-1 Pro-Ca). The results indicated that Pro-Ca modulated the expression of antioxidant enzyme-related genes (such as SOD2, PXMP2, MPV17, E1.11.1.7). Spraying Pro-Ca under salt stress significantly increased in ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase activity by 84.2%, 75.2%, and 3.5% as compared to the salt treatment, as demonstrated by an example of a 24-hour treatment. Malondialdehyde level in Pro-Ca was also dramatically decreased by 5.8%. Moreover, spraying Pro-Ca under salt stress regulated the expression of photosynthesis genes (such as PsbS, PsbD) and chlorophyll metabolism genes (heml, PPD). Compared to salt stress treatment, spraying Pro-Ca under salt stress significantly increased in net photosynthetic rate by 167.2%. In addition, when rice shoots were sprayed with Pro-Ca under salt stress, the Na+ concentration was considerably reduced by 17.1% compared to salt treatment. In conclusion, Pro-Ca regulates antioxidant mechanisms and photosynthesis to aid in the growth of rice seedlings under salt stress.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Pro-Ca under salt stress significantly increased ascorbate peroxidase activity by 84.2% versus salt treatment.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Spraying Pro-Ca under salt stresse0
- Outcome
- ascorbate peroxidasee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 84.2%e0
- Qualifier
- 24-hour treatmente0
- Comparator
- salt treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spraying Pro-Ca under salt stress significantly increased in ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase activity by 84.2%, 75.2%, and 3.5% as compared to the salt treatment, as demonstrated by an example of a 24-hour treatment.”
t0“rice seedling’s development under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Pro-Ca under salt stress significantly increased superoxide dismutase activity by 75.2% versus salt treatment.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Spraying Pro-Ca under salt stresse0
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutasee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 75.2%e0
- Qualifier
- 24-hour treatmente0
- Comparator
- salt treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spraying Pro-Ca under salt stress significantly increased in ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase activity by 84.2%, 75.2%, and 3.5% as compared to the salt treatment, as demonstrated by an example of a 24-hour treatment.”
t0“rice seedling’s development under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Pro-Ca under salt stress significantly increased peroxidase activity activity by 3.5% versus salt treatment.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Spraying Pro-Ca under salt stresse0
- Outcome
- peroxidase activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 3.5%e0
- Qualifier
- 24-hour treatmente0
- Comparator
- salt treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spraying Pro-Ca under salt stress significantly increased in ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase activity by 84.2%, 75.2%, and 3.5% as compared to the salt treatment, as demonstrated by an example of a 24-hour treatment.”
t0“rice seedling’s development under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Malondialdehyde level with Pro-Ca decreased by 5.8%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Pro-Cae0
- Outcome
- Malondialdehyde levele0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 5.8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Malondialdehyde level in Pro-Ca was also dramatically decreased by 5.8%.”
t0“rice seedling’s development under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Pro-Ca regulated expression of antioxidant enzyme-related genes in rice under salt stress.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Pro-Cae0
- Gene
- SOD2, PXMP2, MPV17, E1.11.1.7e0
- Outcome
- expression of antioxidant enzyme-related genese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results indicated that Pro-Ca modulated the expression of antioxidant enzyme-related genes (such as SOD2, PXMP2, MPV17, E1.11.1.7).”
t0“rice seedling’s development under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Pro-Ca regulated expression of photosynthesis genes in rice under salt stress.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Pro-Cae0
- Gene
- PsbS, PsbDe0
- Outcome
- expression of photosynthesis genese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, spraying Pro-Ca under salt stress regulated the expression of photosynthesis genes (such as PsbS, PsbD) and chlorophyll metabolism genes (heml, PPD).”
t0“rice seedling’s development under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Pro-Ca regulated chlorophyll metabolism genes in rice under salt stress.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Pro-Cae0
- Gene
- heml, PPDe0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll metabolism genese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, spraying Pro-Ca under salt stress regulated the expression of photosynthesis genes (such as PsbS, PsbD) and chlorophyll metabolism genes (heml, PPD).”
t0“rice seedling’s development under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Pro-Ca under salt stress significantly increased net photosynthetic rate by 167.2% relative to salt stress treatment.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- spraying Pro-Ca under salt stresse0
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 167.2%e0
- Comparator
- salt stress treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to salt stress treatment, spraying Pro-Ca under salt stress significantly increased in net photosynthetic rate by 167.2%.”
t0“rice seedling’s development under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Pro-Ca spray under salt stress reduced shoot Na+ concentration by 17.1% versus salt treatment.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- sprayed with Pro-Ca under salt stresse0
- Outcome
- Na+ concentratione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 17.1%e0
- Comparator
- salt treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In addition, when rice shoots were sprayed with Pro-Ca under salt stress, the Na+ concentration was considerably reduced by 17.1% compared to salt treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that Pro-Ca aids rice seedling growth under salt stress through antioxidant processes and photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Pro-Cae0
- Outcome
- growth of rice seedlingse0
- Qualifier
- antioxidant mechanisms and photosynthesise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In conclusion, Pro-Ca regulates antioxidant mechanisms and photosynthesis to aid in the growth of rice seedlings under salt stress.”
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